{"id":105442,"date":"2023-03-02T12:12:35","date_gmt":"2023-03-02T11:12:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=105442"},"modified":"2023-03-06T09:36:34","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T08:36:34","slug":"a-new-treatment-against-chronic-wound-infections","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/un-nou-tractament-contra-les-infeccions-en-ferides-croniques","title":{"rendered":"Nova estrat\u00e8gia contra les infeccions en ferides cr\u00f2niques"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Les ferides cr\u00f2niques s\u00f3n un repte per als microbi\u00f2legs a causa de la pres\u00e8ncia de biofilms, estructures complexes on els bacteris es protegeixen dels antibi\u00f2tics, impedint que les infeccions puguin ser tractades de forma efectiva. Un equip de recerca, liderat per l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) ha publicat a la revista Frontiers in Microbiology  un estudi sobre com l’\u00fas d’enzims espec\u00edfics i la combinaci\u00f3 de diferents f\u00e0rmacs antibi\u00f2tics poden significar un gran aven\u00e7 en la lluita contra aquest problema.  <\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Eduard Torrents al  seu laboratori a l\u2019IBEC. <\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

La cronificaci\u00f3 de ferides \u00e9s un important problema de salut que afecta gaireb\u00e9 2 milions de persones a Europa. La principal causa que aquestes ferides no cicatritzin \u00e9s la pres\u00e8ncia de comunitats polimicrobianes que formen una matriu extracel\u00b7lular que les protegeix dels agents antimicrobians i c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del nostre sistema immune donant lloc a una organitzaci\u00f3 tridimensional coneguda com a biofilm. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un estudi liderat per l\u2019Alba Rubio Canalejas, investigadora de l’IBEC, i l\u2019Eduard Torrents, investigador de l’IBEC i de la Universitat de Barcelona, en col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 amb l’Institut Jozef Stefan a Eslov\u00e8nia, descriu el disseny d’un tractament innovador basat en l’\u00fas de nanopart\u00edcules de plata optimitzades amb enzims i dos antibi\u00f2tics combinats, que \u00e9s altament efectiu contra els biofilms. La investigaci\u00f3, publicada a la revista Frontiers in Microbiology<\/a>, tracta concretament sobre els biofilms produ\u00efts per la infecci\u00f3 dual dels bacteris Pseudomonas aeruginosa i Staphylococcus aureus<\/em>, dos microorganismes molt comuns en aquest tipus de ferides.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enzims i antibi\u00f2tics combinats contra biofilms microbians<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Els biofilms s\u00f3n estructures formades per bacteris pat\u00f2gens i una matriu que les envolta, feta de polisac\u00e0rids, prote\u00efnes, l\u00edpids i ADN extracel\u00b7lular, que dificulta la difusi\u00f3 d’antibi\u00f2tics i impedeix el tractament de la ferida. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Cal investigar ter\u00e0pies que millorin la penetrabilitat i efic\u00e0cia dels antimicrobians en aquesta situaci\u00f3”, explica Torrents. “Se sap que la plata, per exemple, t\u00e9 propietats antimicrobianes. Decidim fer servir nanopart\u00edcules de plata, optimitzades amb diferents enzims, per veure quins d’ells eren m\u00e9s efectius per desfer la matriu que formen P.  <\/em>aeruginosa<\/em> i S.  <\/em>aureus<\/em>“. Els investigadors van demostrar que el tractament amb nanopart\u00edcules de plata optimitzades amb l’enzim DNAsa I redu\u00efa la capacitat per multiplicar-se de P. aeruginosa <\/em>en un 99,98% i la de S. aureus<\/em> en un 92,3% en un model de ferida in vitro<\/em>.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un cop oberta la matriu, la utilitzaci\u00f3 de m\u00e9s d’un antibi\u00f2tic alhora va resultar ser un factor clau per eliminar la infecci\u00f3. Segons explica Rubio-Canalejas, “aquests dos bacteris tenen una relaci\u00f3 complexa a la natura, on poden ser competitives, a causa dels exoproductes produ\u00efts per P. aeruginosa <\/em>que <\/em>suprimeixen el creixement de S. aureus<\/em>. Tanmateix, en el context dels biofilms, estableixen sinergies i en lloc de competir, col\u00b7laboren.\u00a0 La infecci\u00f3 dual augmenta la seva resist\u00e8ncia i toler\u00e0ncia als antimicrobians, cosa que permet que colonitzin el teixit i impedeixin la curaci\u00f3 de la ferida”. Els investigadors van descobrir que l’\u00fas d’un \u00fanic tipus de f\u00e0rmac afectava de forma diferent cada esp\u00e8cie de bacteri.\u00a0 L’antibi\u00f2tic ciprofloxcina feia que P. aeruginosa<\/em> super\u00e9s S. aureus<\/em> i la gentamicina provocava l’efecte contrari. No obstant aix\u00f2, una ter\u00e0pia dual que combinava ambd\u00f3s compostos va permetre reduir les poblacions d’ambdues esp\u00e8cies.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

“Hi ha molt poca bibliografia sobre com es distribueixen els bacteris dins dels biofilms polimicrobians.  Descobrir com s’organitzen pot ser de gran ajuda per millorar futurs tractaments.” <\/em> <\/p>\nEduard Torrents<\/em> <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

D’altra banda, els investigadors van estudiar la composici\u00f3 interna del biofilm, representant, per primera vegada, un esquema general de com es distribueixen els bacteris en l’espai tridimensional. “Veiem que S. aureus<\/em> forma agregats a la part m\u00e9s interna del biofilm, protegint-se aix\u00ed de P. aeruginosa<\/em> i, alhora, permetent que totes dues convisquin. Empitjorant, per tant, qualsevol mena d’infecci\u00f3”, explica Torrents.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En conclusi\u00f3, l’estudi obre una nova via per entendre millor els biofilms i dissenyar tractaments cl\u00ednics que combinin enzims i antibi\u00f2tics, essencials per eliminar les infeccions en les ferides cr\u00f2niques.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

Article de refer\u00e8ncia: <\/strong><\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alba Rubio-Canalejas, Aida Baelo, Sara Herbera, N\u00faria Blanco-Cabra, Marija Vukomanovic y Eduard Torrents. 3D spatial organizaci\u00f3n and improved antibiotic treatment of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/em>–Staphylococcus aureus<\/em> wound biofilm by nanoparticle enzime delivery.  DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2022.959156<\/a>  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les ferides cr\u00f2niques s\u00f3n un repte per als microbi\u00f2legs a causa de la pres\u00e8ncia de biofilms, estructures complexes on els bacteris es protegeixen dels antibi\u00f2tics, impedint que les infeccions puguin … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":105438,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1905,1141,1911,1906],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-105442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-bacterial-infections-and-antimicrobial-therapies-ca-2","tag-eduard-torrents-ca","tag-infeccions-bacterianes","tag-resistencia-bacteriana-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nNova estrat\u00e8gia contra les infeccions en ferides cr\u00f2niques - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/un-nou-tractament-contra-les-infeccions-en-ferides-croniques\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nova estrat\u00e8gia contra les infeccions en ferides cr\u00f2niques - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les ferides cr\u00f2niques s\u00f3n un repte per als microbi\u00f2legs a causa de la pres\u00e8ncia de biofilms, estructures complexes on els bacteris es protegeixen dels antibi\u00f2tics, impedint que les infeccions puguin ... 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