{"id":106690,"date":"2023-03-29T16:28:07","date_gmt":"2023-03-29T14:28:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/la-barrera-hematoencefalica-del-cerebro-en-un-chip-para-estudiar-farmacos-contra-el-alzheimer\/"},"modified":"2023-03-30T09:51:50","modified_gmt":"2023-03-30T07:51:50","slug":"la-barrera-hematoencefalica-del-cerebro-en-un-chip-para-estudiar-farmacos-contra-el-alzheimer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/la-barrera-hematoencefalica-del-cerebro-en-un-chip-para-estudiar-farmacos-contra-el-alzheimer\/","title":{"rendered":"La barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica del cervell en un xip per estudiar f\u00e0rmacs contra l\u2019Alzheimer"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Un estudi liderat per l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) descriu el desenvolupament d\u2019un \u00f2rgan-en-un-xip que funciona com a model de la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica humana. El sistema permet estudiar el funcionament d\u2019aquesta barrera davant els f\u00e0rmacs i fer un cribratge dels m\u00e9s efectius, tot evitant els assajos amb animals. El dispositiu podria incorporar tamb\u00e9 c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de pacients per fer un estudi personalitzat de la malaltia.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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D’esquerra a dreta: Sujey Palma Florez, M\u00f2nica Mir Llorente i Anna Lagunas Targarona<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

La barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica te una important funci\u00f3 biol\u00f2gica ja que protegeix el cervell de possibles t\u00f2xics a la sang, subministra els nutrients als teixits cerebrals i filtra els compostos nocius del cervell de tornada al torrent sanguini. A m\u00e9s de totes aquestes funcions, tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s una barrera fisiol\u00f2gica que impedeix que la gran majoria de f\u00e0rmacs arribin al cervell, fet que la converteix en un obstacle per al desenvolupament de f\u00e0rmacs efectius contra malalties neurodegeneratives.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La majoria dels m\u00e8todes tradicionals de cultiu cel\u00b7lular emprats per estudiar el comportament dels f\u00e0rmacs no reprodueixen adequadament la fisiologia dels pacients. D\u2019altra banda, els models animals molt sovint no generen resultats comparables a la resposta en humans, a banda dels problemes \u00e8tics que es troben intr\u00ednsecament associats a l\u2019experimentaci\u00f3 animal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En aquest sentit, les anomenades plataformes d\u2019\u00f2rgan-en-un-xip (OoC de les sigles en angl\u00e8s) es presenten com una excel\u00b7lent alternativa als m\u00e8todes d\u2019estudi tradicionals, ja que permeten simular el funcionament d\u2019\u00f2rgans humans espec\u00edfics a escala microsc\u00f2pica. Aquests sistemes fan possible el cribratge de f\u00e0rmacs i l\u2019estudi de malalties, oferint aix\u00ed la possibilitat d\u2019evitar els assajos amb animals, de manera m\u00e9s r\u00e0pida i amb un cost m\u00e9s baix.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un estudi recent de l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) descriu el desenvolupament d\u2019un \u00f2rgan-en-un-xip que funciona com a model de la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica humana. El sistema permet estudiar el funcionament d\u2019aquesta barrera davant els f\u00e0rmacs i fer un cribratge dels m\u00e9s efectius, tot evitant els assajos amb animals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El sistema presentat \u00e9s altament vers\u00e0til i obre la porta a l’estudi de processos patol\u00f2gics en el xip. Segons detalla la Dra. Anna Lagunas, investigadora de l\u2019IBEC, i autora de la publicaci\u00f3, \u201cel dispositiu \u00e9s podria adaptar tamb\u00e9 a diferents tipus d’estudis que involucren la patologia del cervell hum\u00e0, com \u00e9s el cas de moltes malalties neurodegeneratives, en qu\u00e8 la integritat de la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica s’hi troba sovint compromesa. A m\u00e9s, si en el xip s\u2019hi incorporessin per exemple, c\u00e8l\u00b7lules derivades de pacient, aquest permetria un estudi personalitzat de la malaltia.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Aix\u00ed mateix, \u201cles caracter\u00edstiques f\u00edsiques del dispositiu, el fan portable, f\u00e0cil d\u2019emprar i podria sotmetre\u2019s a la producci\u00f3 en massa i a l\u2019automatitzaci\u00f3 tant de les lectures \u00f2ptiques com el\u00e8ctriques per a una futura implementaci\u00f3 industrial.\u201d<\/strong> Explica la Dra. M\u00f2nica Mir, investigadora de l\u2019IBEC i professora del Departament d’Enginyeria Electr\u00f2nica i Biom\u00e8dica de la Universitat de Barcelona (UB),  coautora de l\u2019estudi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El treball, publicat a la revista cient\u00edfica Journal of Nanobiotechnology<\/em>, ha estat liderat per les Dres. M\u00f2nica Mir i Anna Lagunas, investigadores del grup de Nanobioenginyeria dirigit pel Josep Samitier de l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC). Ambdues s\u00f3n membre del Centre de Recerca Biom\u00e8dica en Xarxa (CIBER-BBN). L\u2019estudi tamb\u00e9 compta amb la participaci\u00f3 de la  , la Universitat de Barcelona, la Universitat de Xile i el Centre Avan\u00e7at de Malalties Cr\u00f2niques de Xile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Com funciona aquest \u00f2rgan-en-un-xip?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

El dispositiu est\u00e0 fabricat en un sistema microflu\u00eddic, que permet manipular i controlar fluids en una escala molt petita i analitzar mostres de petits volums.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Inclou un cultiu tridimensional de diferents tipus de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules d’origen hum\u00e0 que formen una estructura de barrera endotelial, que t\u00e9 la funci\u00f3 de separar la sang dels teixits adjacents. Aquesta estructura imita la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica humana i presenta valors de permeabilitat  m\u00e9s acurada que els models est\u00e0ndard actuals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El model incorpora tamb\u00e9 un sistema de microel\u00e8ctrodes que permeten monitorar la integritat i permeabilitat de la barrera endotelial abans i despr\u00e9s de l’administraci\u00f3 de f\u00e0rmacs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La Sujey Palma, estudiant de doctorat a l\u2019IBEC i primera autora de l\u2019estudi, celebra la feina feta: \u201cSens dubte \u00e9s una plataforma amb molt de potencial per poder avaluar de manera adequada la permeabilitat de nous candidats terap\u00e8utics prometedors com els nanosistemes. Tamb\u00e9, un dispositiu aix\u00ed ens podria permetre estudiar com aquests nous sistemes poden afectar morfol\u00f2gicament i fisiol\u00f2gicament la barrera postadministraci\u00f3\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Per tal de validar el funcionament del xip, s\u2019ha fet servir un sistema nanom\u00e8tric per a l\u2019alliberament de f\u00e0rmacs desenvolupat pr\u00e8viament pel grup del Marcelo J. Kogan a la Universitat de Xile, coautors de l\u2019article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Es tracta d\u2019unes nanopart\u00edcules d\u2019or que, en primer lloc, faciliten la permeaci\u00f3 del f\u00e0rmac a trav\u00e9s de la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica i, en segon lloc, s\u2019uneixen a les anomenades fibres de beta amiloide, unes mol\u00e8cules que es formen en la malaltia d\u2019Alzheimer, tot desagregant-les.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Article referenciat:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sujey Palma-Florez, Adri\u00e1n L\u00f3pez-Canosa, Francisco Moralez-Zavala, Oscar Casta\u00f1o, M.J. Kogan, Josep Samitier, Anna Lagunas & M\u00f2nica Mir. BBB-on-a-chip con micro-TEER integrado para la evaluaci\u00f3n de permeabilidad de nanovarillas de oro multifuncionalizadas contra la enfermedad de Alzheimer.<\/a> J Nanobiotechnol <\/em>(2023). DOI: 10.1186\/s12951-023-01798-2<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un estudi liderat per l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) descriu el desenvolupament d\u2019un \u00f2rgan-en-un-xip que funciona com a model de la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica humana. El sistema permet estudiar el … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":106674,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1627,538,1878,1840],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-106690","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-alzheimer-ca-2","tag-malalties-neurodegeneratives","tag-nanobioengineering-ca","tag-organ-en-un-xip"],"yoast_head":"\nLa barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica del cervell en un xip per estudiar f\u00e0rmacs contra l\u2019Alzheimer - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/la-barrera-hematoencefalica-del-cerebro-en-un-chip-para-estudiar-farmacos-contra-el-alzheimer\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica del cervell en un xip per estudiar f\u00e0rmacs contra l\u2019Alzheimer - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un estudi liderat per l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) descriu el desenvolupament d\u2019un \u00f2rgan-en-un-xip que funciona com a model de la barrera hematoencef\u00e0lica humana. 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