{"id":119650,"date":"2024-09-16T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-16T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=119650"},"modified":"2024-09-12T12:08:35","modified_gmt":"2024-09-12T10:08:35","slug":"scientists-create-leader-cells-with-light","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/generen-celules-lider-amb-llum","title":{"rendered":"Generen c\u00e8l\u00b7lules l\u00edder amb llum"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Un estudi liderat per l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) ha estudiat el moviment migratori de grups cel\u00b7lulars mitjan\u00e7ant control per llum. Els resultats demostren que no existeix una c\u00e8l\u00b7lula l\u00edder que gui\u00ef el moviment col\u00b7lectiu, com es pensava fins ara, sin\u00f3 que totes les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules participen en el proc\u00e9s. Aquests resultats s\u00f3n rellevants a l\u2019hora de dissenyar tractaments per aturar la invasi\u00f3 de tumors o accelerar la curaci\u00f3 de ferides, processos fisiol\u00f2gics estretament relacionats amb la migraci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Se sap que en processos com el desenvolupament embrionari, la cicatritzaci\u00f3 de ferides o la invasi\u00f3 del c\u00e0ncer, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules es mouen en grup de manera coordinada. Encap\u00e7alant aquests conjunts de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules es troben les anomenades c\u00e8l\u00b7lules l\u00edders, que s\u00f3n molt m\u00f2bils i semblen dirigir la migraci\u00f3 de tot el grup, de la mateixa manera que els grups d\u2019animals sovint s\u2019organitzen seguint les instruccions d\u2019un l\u00edder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un estudi liderat per l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) ha intentat generar c\u00e8l\u00b7lules l\u00edder al laboratori mitjan\u00e7ant control optogen\u00e8tic per tal de comprovar si realment existeixen c\u00e8l\u00b7lules que dirigeixen aquest moviment col\u00b7lectiu i c\u00e8l\u00b7lules que les segueixen i com es transmet la informaci\u00f3 de les unes a les altres per tal de moure\u2019s coordinadament.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019equip de recerca va utilitzar c\u00e8l\u00b7lules modificades gen\u00e8ticament capaces de seguir el moviment de la llum blava. All\u00e0 on la c\u00e8l\u00b7lula \u00e9s il\u00b7luminada amb el feix de llum, s\u2019activa la prote\u00efna Rac1, provocant una protrusi\u00f3 coneguda com a lamel\u00b7lipodi, que facilita el moviment cel\u00b7lular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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El que observem \u00e9s que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules il\u00b7luminades no s\u00f3n capaces d\u2019arrossegar un nombre m\u00ednim de seguidors, de manera que no lideren el moviment. Cada c\u00e8l\u00b7lula individual \u00e9s un actor actiu en el moviment col\u00b7lectiu.<\/p>\nLeone Rossetti<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

En el model dissenyat per l\u2019equip de recerca, es col\u00b7loquen les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sobre un substrat format per un gel amb una rigidesa equivalent a la dels teixits del cos, que cont\u00e9 un patr\u00f3 lineal, de manera que es formen grups de diferent nombre de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules seguint el patr\u00f3, en fila.  A continuaci\u00f3, s\u2019il\u00b7luminen amb el feix de llum blava aquests \u201ctrens\u201d de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules per tal d\u2019estudiar el seu moviment col\u00b7lectiu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cCreem una mena de tren format per diferents vagons, que s\u00f3n les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules. El que observem \u00e9s que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules il\u00b7luminades no s\u00f3n capaces d\u2019arrossegar un nombre m\u00ednim de seguidors, de manera que no lideren el moviment. Aix\u00ed doncs, no tenim un tren, sin\u00f3 que cada vag\u00f3 t\u00e9 el seu motor i controla la seva velocitat i acceleraci\u00f3, cada c\u00e8l\u00b7lula individual \u00e9s un actor actiu en el moviment col\u00b7lectiu.\u201d, detalla Leone Rossetti, antic investigador de l\u2019IBEC i primer autor de l\u2019article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aquests experiments demostren que no existeix una c\u00e8l\u00b7lula l\u00edder que gui\u00ef el moviment col\u00b7lectiu, sin\u00f3 que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules que es pensaven seguidores, tamb\u00e9 hi participen en el moviment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Aquests resultats s\u00f3n rellevants a l\u2019hora de dissenyar tractaments per aturar la invasi\u00f3 de tumors o accelerar la curaci\u00f3 de ferides.<\/p>\nXavier Trepat<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAquests resultats s\u00f3n rellevants a l\u2019hora de dissenyar tractaments per aturar la invasi\u00f3 de tumors o accelerar la curaci\u00f3 de ferides. Haurem d\u2019actuar d\u2019una manera que afecti a tot el conjunt de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules que participen en el moviment, i no nom\u00e9s a la c\u00e8l\u00b7lula individual que ens pens\u00e0vem que liderava el moviment de la resta.\u201d, explica Xavier Trepat, professor d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 ICREA a l\u2019IBEC,  i l\u00edder de l\u2019estudi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La relaci\u00f3 entre les forces i velocitats de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules \u00e9s un dels problemes m\u00e9s fonamentals i no resolts de la migraci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular. Tanmateix, les regles f\u00edsiques que descriuen el moviment dels cossos al m\u00f3n macrosc\u00f2pic no s\u00f3n aplicables a escala cel\u00b7lular, fet que fa necessari crear nous models que permetin descriure el moviment a escala microsc\u00f2pica. En col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 amb l\u2019investigador Ricard Alert, de l\u2019Institut Max Planck de F\u00edsica de Sistemes Complexos a Dresden, els investigadors han aconseguit establir un model matem\u00e0tic que determina com la distribuci\u00f3 espacial de les forces generades per les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules es tradueix en la seva velocitat de migraci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xavier Trepat, l\u00edder de la recerca, tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s professor en la Universitat de Barcelona (UB) i membre del Centre de Recerca Biom\u00e8dica en Xarxa en Bioenginyeria, Biomaterials i Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN). El treball forma part del treball postdoctoral  de Leone Rossetti, finan\u00e7at per una beca Marie Curie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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Trens de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules activats per llum blava.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

Article referenciat:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leone Rossetti, Steffen Grosser, Juan Francisco Abenza, L\u00e9o Valon, Pere Roca- Cusachs, Ricard Alert and Xavier Trepat. Optogenetic generation of leader cells reveals a force-velocity relation for collective cell migration. <\/strong>Nature Physics<\/em> (2024). DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41567-024-02600-2<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un estudi liderat per l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) ha estudiat el moviment migratori de grups cel\u00b7lulars mitjan\u00e7ant control per llum. Els resultats demostren que no existeix una c\u00e8l\u00b7lula l\u00edder que gui\u00ef el moviment col\u00b7lectiu, com es pensava fins ara, sin\u00f3 que totes les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules participen en el proc\u00e9s. Aquests resultats s\u00f3n rellevants a l\u2019hora de dissenyar tractaments per aturar la invasi\u00f3 de tumors o accelerar la curaci\u00f3 de ferides, processos fisiol\u00f2gics estretament relacionats amb la migraci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":119636,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1842,1143],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-119650","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-integrative-cell-and-tissue-dynamics-ca","tag-xavier-trepat-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nGeneren c\u00e8l\u00b7lules l\u00edder amb llum - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/generen-celules-lider-amb-llum\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Generen c\u00e8l\u00b7lules l\u00edder amb llum - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un estudi liderat per l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) ha estudiat el moviment migratori de grups cel\u00b7lulars mitjan\u00e7ant control per llum. Els resultats demostren que no existeix una c\u00e8l\u00b7lula l\u00edder que gui\u00ef el moviment col\u00b7lectiu, com es pensava fins ara, sin\u00f3 que totes les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules participen en el proc\u00e9s. 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