{"id":121131,"date":"2024-10-29T17:42:29","date_gmt":"2024-10-29T16:42:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/histones-against-bacterial-infections\/"},"modified":"2024-10-29T17:50:21","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T16:50:21","slug":"histones-against-bacterial-infections","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/histones-per-frenar-les-infeccions-bacterianes","title":{"rendered":"Histones per frenar les infeccions bacterianes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Una investigaci\u00f3 liderada per l’IBEC ha analitzat l’activitat antimicrobiana d’histones humanes enfront de diferents bacteris, tant en soluci\u00f3 com en biofilm. Els resultats s\u00f3n molt prometedors i obren la porta a trobar nous tractaments m\u00e9s efectius, especialment davant infeccions per Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Aquest bacteri \u00e9s el principal responsable del desenvolupament de ferides cr\u00f2niques i insufici\u00e8ncia pulmonar en pacients amb fibrosi qu\u00edstica i altres malalties respirat\u00f2ries.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Betsy Ver\u00f3nica Ar\u00e9valo Jaimes (Esquerra) i Eduard Torrents (dreta) als laboratoris de l’IBEC.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Els antibi\u00f2tics han salvat milions de vides de les malalties infeccioses, sent considerats un dels descobriments m\u00e9s rellevants del segle XX. No obstant aix\u00f2, l’\u00fas (i ab\u00fas) creixent dels antibi\u00f2tics al llarg de tots aquests anys ha portat al fet que molts bacteris desenvolupin resist\u00e8ncia enfront d’aquests f\u00e0rmacs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La resist\u00e8ncia bacteriana als antibi\u00f2tics \u00e9s una crisi global que dificulta el tractament d’infeccions comunes, i s’estima que \u00e9s la causa d’almenys 1,27 milions de morts<\/a> a escala mundial. Pat\u00f2gens com Escherichia coli<\/em>, Staphylococcus aureus <\/em>i Pseudomonas aeruginosa <\/em>han desenvolupat resist\u00e8ncia a m\u00faltiples antibi\u00f2tics, cosa que augmenta les taxes de mortalitat, prolonga les estades hospital\u00e0ries i eleva els costos sanitaris. Sense noves estrat\u00e8gies antimicrobianes, s’estima que per  al 2050 les infeccions resistents podrien causar 10 milions de morts<\/a> anuals a tot el m\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En un estudi recent, cient\u00edfics liderats per Eduard Torrents, investigador principal del grup “Infeccions bacterianes: ter\u00e0pies antimicrobianes”<\/a> de l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i professor agregat de la Universitat de Barcelona<\/a> (UB), aporten resultats que poden ajudar en el desenvolupament de tractaments m\u00e9s efectius per combatre la resist\u00e8ncia bacteriana. En el treball, publicat a la revista mSystems, de la Societat Americana de Microbiologia, han descrit que les histones humanes presenten activitat antimicrobiana enfront de diferents bacteris, entre elles a biopel\u00b7l\u00edcules de Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/em>, un dels 6 bacteris m\u00e9s resistents del m\u00f3n. Aquest treball s’ha desenvolupat en col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 amb el Dr. Albert Jordan del CSIC i les doctores Alicia Roque i Inmaculada Ponte de la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Aquestes troballes suggereixen que l’\u00fas d’histones o part d’aquestes prote\u00efnes, sigui soles o en combinaci\u00f3 amb antibi\u00f2tics o altres mol\u00e8cules amb activitat antimicrobiana, s\u00f3n una alternativa prometedora per combatre infeccions agudes i cr\u00f2niques causades per pat\u00f2gens com P. aeruginosa i altres bacteris multiresistents.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eduard Torrents<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Les histones s\u00f3n prote\u00efnes fonamentals en l’organitzaci\u00f3 i regulaci\u00f3 de l’ADN en totes les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules eucariotes, \u00e9s a dir, en les quals l’ADN es troba dins d’un nucli. Aix\u00f2 inclou, entre d’altres, els fongs, plantes i animals. No obstant aix\u00f2, a m\u00e9s d’aquesta funci\u00f3, s’ha vist en determinades situacions que les histones del subtipus H1 poden ser alliberades a l’exterior de la c\u00e8l\u00b7lula i exercir activitat antimicrobiana enfront de bacteris, fongs, par\u00e0sits i virus. Aquesta activitat s’atribueix principalment a la uni\u00f3 de les histones a les membranes que embolcallen els microorganismes causant danys que finalment porten a la seva mort.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Els investigadors han analitzat l’activitat antimicrobiana de 3 subtipus de la histona humana H1 enfront de diferents bacteris observant espec\u00edficament en P. aeruginosa <\/em>una reducci\u00f3 de fins a un 70% en el nombre de bacteris despr\u00e9s del tractament. A m\u00e9s, combinant les histones amb l’antibi\u00f2tic ciprofloxacina, l’efecte era m\u00e9s gran que quan s’administra cadasc\u00fa per separat, cosa que obre la porta a desenvolupar c\u00f2ctels de tractaments m\u00e9s efectius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’equip de recerca tamb\u00e9 ha estudiat l’activitat de les histones davant les biopel\u00b7l\u00edcules de P. aeruginosa<\/em>, trobant una reducci\u00f3 del 30% en la massa bacteriana. Les biopel\u00b7l\u00edcules, o biofilms<\/em>, s\u00f3n comunitats de microorganismes que poden incloure bacteris, fongs i virus, adherits a superf\u00edcies vives o inerts, com teixits o \u00f2rgans, o dispositius m\u00e8dics. La seva particularitat rau en la secreci\u00f3 d’una matriu extracel\u00b7lular que encapsula i protegeix els microorganismes, dificultant l’acci\u00f3 del sistema immune i dels antibi\u00f2tics, cosa que les fa especialment dif\u00edcils de tractar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Els resultats s’han corroborat en assajos in vivo<\/em> en cucs de la cera (Galleria mellonella) <\/em>infectats amb P. aeruginosa<\/em>. Les larves infectades tractades amb les histones van mostrar un augment en el temps de superviv\u00e8ncia en comparaci\u00f3 amb aquelles que no van rebre tractament. A m\u00e9s, el tractament no va causar cap efecte t\u00f2xic o negatiu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Els resultats obtinguts s\u00f3n especialment rellevants, ja que els biofilms<\/em> presenten una alta resist\u00e8ncia als antibi\u00f2tics i provoquen infeccions molt greus. \u00c9s crucial identificar noves mol\u00e8cules amb activitat antimicrobiana, aix\u00ed com nous mecanismes d’acci\u00f3 contra els biofilms<\/em> per desenvolupar estrat\u00e8gies terap\u00e8utiques m\u00e9s eficaces. Els seg\u00fcents passos inclouen determinar la part molecular de la histona que t\u00e9 m\u00e9s capacitat antimicrobiana i validar l’\u00fas de les histones a la cl\u00ednica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Article de refer\u00e8ncia:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Betsy Veronica Ar\u00e9valo-Jaimes, M\u00f3nica Salinas-Pena, Inmaculada Ponte, Albert Jordan, Alicia Roque, Eduard Torrents. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of human recombinant H1 histones against bacterial infections<\/strong>. mSystems<\/em> (2024). DOI: 10.1128\/msystems.00704-24<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Una investigaci\u00f3 liderada per l’IBEC ha analitzat l’activitat antimicrobiana d’histones humanes enfront de diferents bacteris, tant en soluci\u00f3 com en biofilm. Els resultats s\u00f3n molt prometedors i obren la porta a trobar nous tractaments m\u00e9s efectius, especialment davant infeccions per Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Aquest bacteri \u00e9s el principal responsable del desenvolupament de ferides cr\u00f2niques i insufici\u00e8ncia pulmonar en pacients amb fibrosi qu\u00edstica i altres malalties respirat\u00f2ries.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":121127,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1905,1141],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-121131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-bacterial-infections-and-antimicrobial-therapies-ca-2","tag-eduard-torrents-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nHistones per frenar les infeccions bacterianes - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/histones-per-frenar-les-infeccions-bacterianes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Histones per frenar les infeccions bacterianes - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Una investigaci\u00f3 liderada per l'IBEC ha analitzat l'activitat antimicrobiana d'histones humanes enfront de diferents bacteris, tant en soluci\u00f3 com en biofilm. 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