{"id":121545,"date":"2024-11-15T15:06:58","date_gmt":"2024-11-15T14:06:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/viscosity-of-materials-key-to-cell-differentiation\/"},"modified":"2024-11-15T15:16:03","modified_gmt":"2024-11-15T14:16:03","slug":"viscosity-of-materials-key-to-cell-differentiation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/la-viscositat-dels-materials-clau-en-la-diferenciacio-celular","title":{"rendered":"La viscositat dels materials, clau en la diferenciaci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Un estudi liderat per l’IBEC ha desvetllat com les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare mesenquim\u00e0tiques responen a la viscositat del seu entorn, un aspecte fonamental en el seu proc\u00e9s de diferenciaci\u00f3. Publicada a Nature Communications, aquesta recerca aporta nous coneixements que podrien revolucionar el disseny de biomaterials per a aplicacions en medicina regenerativa.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
D’esquerra a dreta: Aleixandre Rodrigo, Manuel Salmeron i Mariana Azevedo als laboratoris de l’IBEC.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Una investigaci\u00f3 liderada per Manuel Salmeron, professor de recerca ICREA a l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i Catedr\u00e0tic d’Enginyeria Biom\u00e8dica a la Universitat de Glasgow, ha avan\u00e7at en la comprensi\u00f3 de com les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare mesenquim\u00e0tiques (MSCs) perceben la viscositat del seu entorn, un factor clau per a la seva diferenciaci\u00f3 cap a diferents tipus de teixits. Aquesta troballa, publicada\u00a0 a Nature Communications<\/em>, aporta coneixements fonamentals que podrien millorar el disseny de biomaterials per a aplicacions en medicina regenerativa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Normalment, modelem els teixits com si fossin moll. Per\u00f2 en realitat, els teixits s\u00f3n viscoel\u00e0stics, cosa que significa que, en aplicar-los for\u00e7a, es deformen, i no necessitem mantenir aquesta for\u00e7a constant per sostenir la deformaci\u00f3, perqu\u00e8 la seva estructura interna es reorganitza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manuel Salmeron<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Les MSCs tenen la capacitat de convertir-se en diferents tipus cel\u00b7lulars \u2014com c\u00e8l\u00b7lules d’os, cart\u00edlag o m\u00fascul\u2014 i el seu dest\u00ed pot dependre de les propietats f\u00edsiques de l’entorn en el qual es troben. Fins ara, gran part de la investigaci\u00f3 se centrava en la “rigidesa” dels materials, sense tenir en compte la “viscositat”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Normalment, modelem els teixits com si fossin molls: necessitem mantenir una for\u00e7a constant perqu\u00e8 segueixin deformats; quan soltem el moll, aquest torna a la seva forma original. Per\u00f2 en realitat, els teixits s\u00f3n viscoel\u00e0stics, cosa que significa que, en aplicar-los for\u00e7a, es deformen, i no necessitem mantenir aquesta for\u00e7a constant per sostenir la deformaci\u00f3, perqu\u00e8 la seva estructura interna es reorganitza,” explica Manuel Salmeron, l\u00edder del grup de l’IBEC Microambients per a Medicina<\/a> i \u00faltim autor de l’estudi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aix\u00ed, per analitzar en profunditat com les propietats viscoses impacten en el comportament cel\u00b7lular, l’equip ha deixat a un costat la rigidesa i ha treballat \u00fanicament amb la viscositat. Concretament, han dissenyat un model experimental amb membranes lip\u00eddiques que imiten la viscositat dels teixits naturals, fet que permet estudiar com la interacci\u00f3 entre les prote\u00efnes d’adhesi\u00f3 (integrines) i les prote\u00efnes de connexi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular (cadherines) modula la interacci\u00f3 de les MSCs amb el seu entorn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Els resultats mostren que, en pres\u00e8ncia d’altres c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, l’adhesi\u00f3 de les MSCs al substrat disminueix, modificant el seu comportament i potenciant la seva diferenciaci\u00f3 cap a teixits m\u00e9s tous com el cart\u00edlag. Tant la viscositat de la matriu extracel\u00b7lular com les interaccions entre c\u00e8l\u00b7lules afecten notablement com les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare perceben el seu entorn, un factor que s’hauria d’integrar en el disseny de biomaterials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 amb l’equip de Pere Roca-Cusachs, catedr\u00e0tic de la Universitat de Barcelona (UB) i investigador principal del grup de Mecanobiologia cel\u00b7lular i molecular<\/a> de\u00a0 l’IBEC, els investigadors han adaptat el seu model anterior per incloure tant la viscositat com les interaccions entre c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mitjan\u00e7ant cadherines. Aquest model innovador permet simular de forma m\u00e9s realista el comportament dels teixits viscoel\u00e0stics en el cos hum\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L’estudi \u00e9s el principal resultat de la tesi doctoral d’Eva Barcelona i suposa un pas endavant en el desenvolupament de materials que puguin guiar amb m\u00e9s precisi\u00f3 la regeneraci\u00f3 de teixits, assentant les bases per a una medicina regenerativa m\u00e9s eficient i personalitzada.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e8l\u00b7lula mare sobre la superf\u00edcie model de viscositat controlada utilitzades per a simular el contacte c\u00e8l\u00b7lula-c\u00e8l\u00b7lula. El v\u00eddeo mostra el moviment del citoesquelet d’actina durant el proc\u00e9s d’adhesi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

Article referenciat:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eva Barcelona-Estaje, Mariana A. G. Oliva, Finlay Cunniffe, Aleixandre Rodrigo-Navarro, Paul Genever, Matthew J. Dalby, Pere Roca-Cusachs, Marco Cantini & Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez. N-cadherin crosstalk with integrin weakens the molecular clutch in response to surface viscosity. <\/strong>Nature Communications, 15, 8824<\/em>(2024). DOI: 10.1038\/s41467-024-53107-6<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un estudi liderat per l’IBEC ha desvetllat com les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare mesenquim\u00e0tiques responen a la viscositat del seu entorn, un aspecte fonamental en el seu proc\u00e9s de diferenciaci\u00f3. Publicada a Nature Communications, aquesta recerca aporta nous coneixements que podrien revolucionar el disseny de biomaterials per a aplicacions en medicina regenerativa.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":121530,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1812,2085,2098,1134],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-121545","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-cellular-and-molecular-mechanobiology-ca","tag-manuel-salmeron-ca","tag-microenvironments-for-medicine-ca","tag-pere-roca-cusachs-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nLa viscositat dels materials, clau en la diferenciaci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/la-viscositat-dels-materials-clau-en-la-diferenciacio-celular\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La viscositat dels materials, clau en la diferenciaci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un estudi liderat per l'IBEC ha desvetllat com les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare mesenquim\u00e0tiques responen a la viscositat del seu entorn, un aspecte fonamental en el seu proc\u00e9s de diferenciaci\u00f3. 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