{"id":122651,"date":"2024-12-20T09:55:22","date_gmt":"2024-12-20T08:55:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=122651"},"modified":"2024-12-20T10:08:56","modified_gmt":"2024-12-20T09:08:56","slug":"biosensors-based-on-olfactory-receptors-to-decipher-the-human-sense-of-smell","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/biosensors-basats-en-receptors-olfactius-per-desxifrar-olfacte-huma","title":{"rendered":"Biosensors basats en receptors olfactius per desxifrar l\u2019olfacte hum\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Un estudi liderat per l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i el Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Bioingenier\u00eda, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) descriu un m\u00e8tode que emula la resposta fisiol\u00f2gica a l\u2019olor.<\/strong> <strong>\u00a0El sistema permet distingir odorants de caracter\u00edstiques molt similars basant-se en la interacci\u00f3 d\u2019uni\u00f3 amb el receptor, que provoca un canvi en la resposta capacitiva d\u2019aquest. L\u2019aplicaci\u00f3 d\u2019aquesta metodologia obre les portes al desenvolupament de biosensors olfactius altament selectius.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/JSamitier-ALagunas-Olfato-3_low-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-122646 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/JSamitier-ALagunas-Olfato-3_low-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/JSamitier-ALagunas-Olfato-3_low-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/JSamitier-ALagunas-Olfato-3_low-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/JSamitier-ALagunas-Olfato-3_low.jpg 1200w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024\/768;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Anna Lagunas (esquerra) i Josep Samitier (dreta) als laboratoris de l&#8217;IBEC.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>El sistema olfactiu hum\u00e0 distingeix milers d\u2019odorants gr\u00e0cies a la interacci\u00f3 espec\u00edfica amb els receptors olfactius de les neurones sensorials. Cada receptor pot detectar diversos odorants amb intensitats variables, i un mateix odorant pot activar m\u00e9s d\u2019un receptor. Aquesta combinaci\u00f3 complexa de senyals genera la nostra percepci\u00f3 de les olors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p> Aquesta informaci\u00f3 ajuda a entendre millor com funciona el reconeixement d\u2019olors a nivell molecular i com es pot aplicar aquest coneixement per dissenyar sensors m\u00e9s efectius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anna Lagunas<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>La rellev\u00e0ncia biol\u00f2gica de l\u2019olfacte, que ens permet buscar aliments, interactuar socialment i detectar perills, ha impulsat el desenvolupament de sensors olfactius amb diverses aplicacions industrials. Tot i que els sensors basats en receptors olfactius tenen una sensibilitat molt elevada, arribant a detectar concentracions tan baixes com el nivell femtomolar \u2014<a>una part entre mil bilions<\/a>\u00a0\u2014, encara presenten una limitaci\u00f3: no poden distingir amb precisi\u00f3 entre els diferents odorants que els activen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En aquest context, un estudi recent liderat per l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya i el Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Bioingenier\u00eda, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), en col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 amb el Centre des Sciences Du Go\u00fbt et de l\u2019Alimentation i l\u2019Institut de Chimie de Nice, ha desenvolupat un m\u00e8tode innovador per distingir entre odorants que activen un mateix receptor. Aquest m\u00e8tode es basa en la detecci\u00f3 de petits canvis el\u00e8ctrics al receptor, coneguts com a resposta capacitiva. Aquests canvis s\u00f3n proporcionals a la pot\u00e8ncia amb qu\u00e8 l\u2019odorant s\u2019uneix al receptor, emulant aix\u00ed la resposta fisiol\u00f2gica a una olor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cHem vist que, quan el receptor entra en contacte amb un dels compostos, es produeix un canvi en la resposta el\u00e8ctrica proporcional a la for\u00e7a amb qu\u00e8 el compost s\u2019uneix al receptor. Aquesta informaci\u00f3 ajuda a entendre millor com funciona el reconeixement d\u2019olors a nivell molecular i com es pot aplicar aquest coneixement per dissenyar sensors m\u00e9s efectius\u201d, explica Anna Lagunas, primera autora de l\u2019estudi i investigadora s\u00e8nior del grup de <a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/nanobioengineering\">Nanobioenginyeria<\/a> de l\u2019IBEC, liderat per Josep Samitier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aquesta innovaci\u00f3 marca un pas endavant en el disseny de sensors m\u00e9s precisos, que podrien tenir aplicacions en el cribratge d\u2019odorants o altres camps tecnol\u00f2gics i industrials.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Detecci\u00f3 selectiva d\u2019odorants<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Per als experiments, es va immobilitzar un receptor olfactiu hum\u00e0 (hOR1A1) sobre una superf\u00edcie d\u2019or amb un antic\u00f2s, assegurant-ne l\u2019orientaci\u00f3 i millorant la sensibilitat de les mesures. Els tres odorants utilitzats (dihidrojasmona i dues formes de la carvona), s\u00f3n agonistes del receptor, \u00e9s a dir, tots s\u00f3n capa\u00e7os d\u2019activar-lo donant lloc a olors diferents, fet que permet simular activacions fisiol\u00f2giques reals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019estudi, que tamb\u00e9 ha comptat amb la participaci\u00f3 del grup de <a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/nanoprobes\/\">Nanosondes i Nanocommutadors<\/a> de l\u2019IBEC, liderat per Pau Gorostiza, explica que l\u2019augment en la capacitat del sensor per identificar subst\u00e0ncies es deu, entre altres factors, a la resposta el\u00e8ctrica espec\u00edfica del receptor, relacionada amb una propietat intr\u00ednseca anomenada moment dipolar, que varia en pres\u00e8ncia de l\u2018odorant. El moment dipolar \u00e9s una mesura de com les c\u00e0rregues el\u00e8ctriques dins d\u2019una mol\u00e8cula estan distribu\u00efdes. En aquest cas, els canvis en el moment dipolar del receptor quan es vincula amb una mol\u00e8cula d\u2019odorant s\u00f3n clau per detectar-la.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Article referenciat:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anna Lagunas, Christine Belloir, Maxence Lalis, Lo\u00efc Briand, J\u00e9r\u00e9mie Topin, Pau Gorostiza, Josep Samitier. <strong>Ligand discrimination in hOR1A1 based on the capacitive response. <\/strong><em>Biosensors and Bioelectronics<\/em>, Volume 271, 2025,117000, ISSN 0956-5663. DOI: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bios.2024.117000\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bios.2024.117000<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un estudi liderat per l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i el Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Bioingenier\u00eda, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) descriu un m\u00e8tode que emula la resposta fisiol\u00f2gica a l\u2019olor.  El sistema permet distingir odorants de caracter\u00edstiques molt similars basant-se en la interacci\u00f3 d\u2019uni\u00f3 amb el receptor, que provoca un canvi en la resposta capacitiva d\u2019aquest. L\u2019aplicaci\u00f3 d\u2019aquesta metodologia obre les portes al desenvolupament de biosensors olfactius altament selectius.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":122647,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[2140,1136,1878,1879,1883],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-122651","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-biosensor-ca","tag-josep-samitier-ca","tag-nanobioengineering-ca","tag-nanoprobes-and-nanoswitches-ca","tag-pau-gorostiza-ca-2"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Biosensors per desxifrar l\u2019olfacte hum\u00e0 - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un estudi liderat per l\u2019IBEC i el CIBER-BBN descriu un 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