{"id":125590,"date":"2025-05-08T12:01:00","date_gmt":"2025-05-08T10:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=125590"},"modified":"2025-05-07T15:56:07","modified_gmt":"2025-05-07T13:56:07","slug":"common-lung-bacteria-team-up-to-evade-immune-defences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/aquests-bacteris-pulmonars-alien-per-evadir-el-sistema-immunitari","title":{"rendered":"Aquests bacteris pulmonars s’alien per evadir el sistema immunitari"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Un estudi liderat per l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB) ha descobert com la coinfecci\u00f3 per Pseudomonas aeruginosa i Mycobacterium abscessus,<\/em> dos pat\u00f2gens pulmonars comuns, pot suprimir la resposta immunit\u00e0ria i empitjorar el pron\u00f2stic de pacients amb malalties respirat\u00f2ries. Les troballes, publicades a la revista Virulence<\/em>, proporcionen una nova visi\u00f3 de per qu\u00e8 les infeccions polimicrobianes s\u00f3n particularment dif\u00edcils de tractar i obren la porta a noves estrat\u00e8gies terap\u00e8utiques.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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La incid\u00e8ncia d’infecci\u00f3 per Mycobacterium abscessus est\u00e0 augmentant en pacients amb fibrosi qu\u00edstica, malaltia pulmonar obstructiva cr\u00f2nica (EPOC) i altres malalties pulmonars cr\u00f2niques, cosa que porta a un deteriorament accelerat de la funci\u00f3 pulmonar. Sorprenentment, entre el 58 i el 78% dels pacients amb infecci\u00f3 per M. abscessus tamb\u00e9 estan infectats amb Pseudomonas aeruginosa, el patogen m\u00e9s com\u00fa en aquestes afeccions. No obstant aix\u00f2, encara no es compr\u00e8n ben b\u00e9 com interactuen aquestes dues esp\u00e8cies bacterianes durant la infecci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Vam descobrir que M. abscessus i P. aeruginosa inhibeixen m\u00fatuament la progressi\u00f3 de biofilms individuals per formar biofilms mixtos estables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eduard Torrents<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Ara, un nou estudi liderat per l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB) ha descobert com la coinfecci\u00f3 per aquests dos pat\u00f2gens pulmonars comuns pot suprimir la resposta immunit\u00e0ria i empitjorar el pron\u00f2stic de pacients amb malalties respirat\u00f2ries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mitjan\u00e7ant una combinaci\u00f3 d’experiments in vitro amb c\u00e8l\u00b7lules bronquials humanes i estudis in vivo en models d’insectes, els investigadors van demostrar que quan aquests dos bacteris infecten l’organisme alhora, el sistema immunitari es torna menys efica\u00e7 a l’hora de respondre. Les troballes, publicades avui a la revista Virulence, aporten nous coneixements sobre per qu\u00e8 les infeccions polimicrobianes s\u00f3n especialment dif\u00edcils de tractar i poden donar lloc a malalties m\u00e9s greus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Vam descobrir que M. abscessus i P. aeruginosa inhibeixen m\u00fatuament la progressi\u00f3 de biofilms individuals per formar biofilms mixtos estables”.  Explica Eduard Torrents<\/strong>, investigador principal del grup Infeccions bacterianes: ter\u00e0pies antimicrobianes<\/a> de l’IBEC, professor associat de la Universitat de Barcelona (UB), membre d’ICREA Acad\u00e8mia i autor de l’estudi. Les biopel\u00b7l\u00edcules, o biofilms, s\u00f3n comunitats de bacteris que s’agrupen i secreten una matriu protectora, que actua com a escut contra els antibi\u00f2tics i el sistema immunitari de l’hoste, cosa que les converteix en una causa comuna d’infeccions cr\u00f2niques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Si b\u00e9 cadascun d’aquests pat\u00f2gens \u00e9s perill\u00f3s per si sol, el seu efecte combinat crea un entorn en el qual el sistema immunitari \u00e9s menys capa\u00e7 de respondre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esther Juli\u00e1n<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

“Si b\u00e9 cadascun d’aquests pat\u00f2gens \u00e9s perill\u00f3s per si sol, el seu efecte combinat crea un entorn en el qual el sistema immunitari \u00e9s menys capa\u00e7 de respondre”. Afegeix Esther Juli\u00e1n<\/strong>, catedr\u00e0tica de Microbiologia de la UAB i autora de l’estudi. Els resultats van mostrar que la pres\u00e8ncia conjunta d’ambd\u00f3s bacteris provocava una reducci\u00f3 significativa en la producci\u00f3 de mol\u00e8cules clau en el proc\u00e9s de senyalitzaci\u00f3 immunit\u00e0ria, esmorteint aix\u00ed la resposta inflamat\u00f2ria de l’organisme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les coinfeccions poden impulsar la progressi\u00f3 de la malaltia<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Els experiments realitzats van revelar que, quan actua sola, P. aeruginosa desencadena una forta resposta immunit\u00e0ria. Aix\u00f2 inclou la sobreexpressi\u00f3 de mol\u00e8cules proinflamat\u00f2ries i l’activaci\u00f3 dels mecanismes de defensa de l’hoste. No obstant aix\u00f2, quan P. aeruginosa est\u00e0 present juntament amb M. abscessus, aquesta resposta immunit\u00e0ria se suprimeix significativament, la qual cosa suggereix un efecte immunosupressor impulsat per la coinfecci\u00f3. Aquests resultats van ser coherents en dues l\u00ednies de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules epitelials bronquials i tamb\u00e9 es van confirmar utilitzant larves de Galleria mellonella, un model animal \u00e0mpliament usat per estudiar la infecci\u00f3. En aquestes larves, les coinfeccions van provocar una mort m\u00e9s r\u00e0pida que les infeccions amb qualsevol dels dos pat\u00f2gens per separat, cosa que refor\u00e7a la conclusi\u00f3 que la capacitat del sistema immunitari per combatre la infecci\u00f3 es veu compromesa en pres\u00e8ncia de tots dos bacteris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u00c9s possible que els tractaments futurs hagin d’anar m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 dels antibi\u00f2tics i incloure ter\u00e0pies immunomoduladores per contrarestar les estrat\u00e8gies d’evasi\u00f3 immunit\u00e0ria utilitzades per aquests bacteris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00edctor Campo-P\u00e9rez<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

L’estudi ofereix una de les primeres demostracions clares de la immunosupressi\u00f3 causada per la coinfecci\u00f3 entre M. abscessus i P. aeruginosa i suscita preocupaci\u00f3 respecte a com aquest tipus d’infeccions poden contribuir a la resist\u00e8ncia terap\u00e8utica i al deteriorament de la funci\u00f3 pulmonar, particularment en pacients amb fibrosi qu\u00edstica i altres malalties pulmonars cr\u00f2niques greus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u00c9s possible que els tractaments futurs hagin d’anar m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 dels antibi\u00f2tics i incloure ter\u00e0pies immunomoduladores per contrarestar les estrat\u00e8gies d’evasi\u00f3 immunit\u00e0ria utilitzades per aquests bacteris”, explica V\u00edctor Campo-P\u00e9rez, primer autor de l’estudi. Aquests enfocaments podrien ajudar a restaurar una resposta immunit\u00e0ria m\u00e9s equilibrada, millorant la capacitat del cos per eliminar les infeccions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Les troballes posen de manifest la complexitat de les infeccions polimicrobianes i la import\u00e0ncia de comprendre com interactuen els pat\u00f2gens no nom\u00e9s amb l’hoste, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 entre si, i obren la porta a noves estrat\u00e8gies terap\u00e8utiques, especialment per als pacients vulnerables amb malalties pulmonars cr\u00f2niques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Article referenciat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00edctor Campo-P\u00e9rez, Esther Juli\u00e1n, and Eduard Torrents. Interplay of Mycobacterium abscessus<\/em> and Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/em> in experimental models of coinfection: Biofilm dynamics and host immune response<\/strong>. Virulence<\/em> (2025). DOI: 10.1080\/21505594.2025.2493221<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un estudi liderat per l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB) ha descobert com la coinfecci\u00f3 per Pseudomonas aeruginosa i Mycobacterium abscessus, dos pat\u00f2gens pulmonars comuns, pot suprimir la resposta immunit\u00e0ria i empitjorar el pron\u00f2stic de pacients amb malalties respirat\u00f2ries. Les troballes, publicades a la revista Virulence, proporcionen una nova visi\u00f3 de per qu\u00e8 les infeccions polimicrobianes s\u00f3n particularment dif\u00edcils de tractar i obren la porta a noves estrat\u00e8gies terap\u00e8utiques.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":125586,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1905,1141,1629],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-125590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-bacterial-infections-and-antimicrobial-therapies-ca-2","tag-eduard-torrents-ca","tag-resistencia-antibiotica-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nAquests bacteris pulmonars s'alien per evadir el sistema immunitari - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/aquests-bacteris-pulmonars-alien-per-evadir-el-sistema-immunitari\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Aquests bacteris pulmonars s'alien per evadir el sistema immunitari - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un estudi liderat per l'Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i la Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona (UAB) ha descobert com la coinfecci\u00f3 per Pseudomonas aeruginosa i Mycobacterium abscessus, dos pat\u00f2gens pulmonars comuns, pot suprimir la resposta immunit\u00e0ria i empitjorar el pron\u00f2stic de pacients amb malalties respirat\u00f2ries. 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