{"id":135977,"date":"2026-09-16T10:37:25","date_gmt":"2026-09-16T08:37:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/an-ibec-device-simulates-natural-conditions-to-grow-biofilms-and-test-their-antibiotic-susceptibility-more-accurately\/"},"modified":"2026-09-16T11:17:42","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T09:17:42","slug":"an-ibec-device-simulates-natural-conditions-to-grow-biofilms-and-test-their-antibiotic-susceptibility-more-accurately","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/an-ibec-device-simulates-natural-conditions-to-grow-biofilms-and-test-their-antibiotic-susceptibility-more-accurately\/","title":{"rendered":"Un dispositiu de l’IBEC simula les condicions naturals per fer cr\u00e9ixer biofilms i testar-ne la susceptibilitat als antibi\u00f2tics de forma m\u00e9s precisa"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Un equip de recerca de l’IBEC ha desenvolupat el XpertBiofilm, un dispositiu senzill i de baix cost que reprodueix el flux (shear stress) que els bacteris troben al cos hum\u00e0, com ara a la mucositat dels pulmons o a la sang. L’estudi demostra que, dins dels rangs estudiats, un flux m\u00e9s gran fa que el bacteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa formi biofilms m\u00e9s robustos, una troballa clau per reproduir al laboratori infeccions m\u00e9s semblants a les reals. La plataforma, validada amb mostres d’esput de pacients amb fibrosi qu\u00edstica, va predir correctament quin antibi\u00f2tic era efica\u00e7 en cada cas, un pas cap a proves de sensibilitat als antibi\u00f2tics m\u00e9s r\u00e0pides, eficients i personalitzades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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N\u00faria Blanco-Cabra <\/strong>(esquerra) i Eduard Torrents (dreta).<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Els biofilms s\u00f3n comunitats microbianes complexes que s’adhereixen a una superf\u00edcie i s’envolten en una matriu viscosa que produeixen ells mateixos. Aquesta estructura protegeix els bacteris dels antibi\u00f2tics i del sistema immunitari molt millor que si visquessin de forma lliure, la qual cosa els converteix en una de les causes m\u00e9s freq\u00fcents d’infeccions cr\u00f2niques dif\u00edcils de tractar, com les infeccions respirat\u00f2ries en persones amb fibrosi qu\u00edstica i malaltia pulmonar obstructiva cr\u00f2nica (MPOC), les ferides cr\u00f2niques o les infeccions associades a cat\u00e8ters i pr\u00f2tesis. A aix\u00f2 s’hi suma l’augment global de la resist\u00e8ncia als antibi\u00f2tics, la qual cosa fa cada vegada m\u00e9s urgent disposar d’eines capaces de predir quin tractament funcionar\u00e0 en cada cas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un equip de l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) ha desenvolupat el XpertBiofilm, un dispositiu senzill i accessible que permet fer cr\u00e9ixer biofilms sota un flux de l\u00edquid continu i controlat, similar al que els bacteris troben al cos hum\u00e0 \u2014per exemple, a la mucositat dels pulmons, la sang o l’orina\u2014. L’estudi, publicat a la revista Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces<\/em>, ha estat liderat per Eduard Torrents<\/strong>, investigador principal del grup d’Infeccions Bacterianes i Ter\u00e0pies Antimicrobianes<\/a> i professor agregat de la Universitat de Barcelona, juntament amb N\u00faria Blanco-Cabra<\/strong>, investigadora del mateix grup i primera autora de l’estudi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La majoria de sistemes de laboratori utilitzats per estudiar com es formen els biofilms es basen en plaques est\u00e0tiques, on el medi de cultiu no es mou. Tanmateix, a l’organisme els bacteris gaireb\u00e9 mai no creixen en un ambient imm\u00f2bil: el flux de sang, moc o altres fluids genera de forma constant una fricci\u00f3 sobre les superf\u00edcies coneguda com a estr\u00e8s de cisalla o shear stress<\/em>. Fent un s\u00edmil, l’estr\u00e8s de cisalla seria semblant al que pateix una pedra al llit d’un riu: en aigua estancada gaireb\u00e9 no pateix cap fricci\u00f3, per\u00f2 si l’aigua flueix amb for\u00e7a, aquesta mateixa pedra rep un arrossegament i una fricci\u00f3 constants. Aix\u00f2 \u00e9s el que analitzen en aquest treball, a escala microsc\u00f2pica: l’estr\u00e8s de cisalla que un l\u00edquid en moviment exerceix sobre qualsevol superf\u00edcie amb qu\u00e8 entra en contacte, inclosa aquella on s’adhereixen els bacteris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Actualment existeixen dispositius capa\u00e7os de reproduir aquest flux de forma controlada, per\u00f2 solen ser complexos, cars i requereixen microsc\u00f2pia especialitzada i personal amb formaci\u00f3 t\u00e8cnica avan\u00e7ada per analitzar-ne els resultats, cosa que en limita l’\u00fas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El flux, un factor clau en la formaci\u00f3 de biofilms<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Per superar aquesta limitaci\u00f3, l’equip va dissenyar i optimitzar la geometria de la cambra de creixement del XpertBiofilm fins a aconseguir un flux homogeni i un estr\u00e8s de cisalla controlat sobre una petita pe\u00e7a extra\u00efble (un cobreobjectes rod\u00f3) on es forma el biofilm. Un cop crescut el biofilm, aquesta pe\u00e7a es pot analitzar directament amb un lector de microplaques, sense necessitat de microscopis especialitzats, cosa que permet una observaci\u00f3 m\u00e9s accessible i optimitzada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aquesta troballa \u00e9s especialment rellevant en el context de la fibrosi qu\u00edstica i la MPOC, malalties pulmonars cr\u00f2niques en qu\u00e8 el moc \u00e9s m\u00e9s esp\u00e8s i visc\u00f3s del que \u00e9s habitual, i que sovint es compliquen amb infeccions per biofilms de Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/em>. Als pulmons d’aquestes persones, l’estr\u00e8s de cisalla \u00e9s molt per sota dels nivells d’un pulm\u00f3 sa (uns 80 mPa) o dels que genera la tos (fins a 170.000 mPa). El rang de flux que el XpertBiofilm \u00e9s capa\u00e7 de reproduir al laboratori \u2014de 0,02 a 0,9 mPa\u2014 coincideix amb aquest entorn de baix estr\u00e8s de cisalla, cosa que els mateixos autors destaquen com a suport de la rellev\u00e0ncia cl\u00ednica del dispositiu per modelar infeccions pulmonars en fibrosi qu\u00edstica.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Precisament dins d’aquest rang baix de flux, l’equip va demostrar que com m\u00e9s gran \u00e9s aquest, m\u00e9s biomassa de biofilm forma P. aeruginosa<\/em> \u2014un patogen oportunista molt habitual tamb\u00e9 en ferides cr\u00f2niques i infeccions associades a dispositius m\u00e8dics\u2014. Segons els autors, aquest resultat ajuda a entendre per qu\u00e8 els bacteris aconsegueixen adherir-se amb for\u00e7a a les vies respirat\u00f2ries en el cas de la fibrosi qu\u00edstica, i per qu\u00e8, en haver-hi un estr\u00e8s de cisalla tan baix, en aquests pacients la capacitat de les vies respirat\u00f2ries per arrossegar i eliminar els bacteris es veu molt redu\u00efda, cosa que dona lloc a infeccions cr\u00f2niques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Reproduir al laboratori les condicions de flux que els bacteris troben realment al cos en el context d’una malaltia \u00e9s clau per entendre com es formen els biofilms i, sobretot, per predir millor si un antibi\u00f2tic funcionar\u00e0 o no. El XpertBiofilm ens permet fer-ho amb un equip senzill i accessible, sense dependre de microsc\u00f2pia especialitzada<\/em>“, explica Eduard Torrents, qui tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s membre d’ICREA Academia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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“Reproduir al laboratori les condicions de flux que els bacteris troben realment al cos en el context d’una malaltia \u00e9s clau per entendre com es formen els biofilms i, sobretot, per predir millor si un antibi\u00f2tic funcionar\u00e0 o no. El XpertBiofilm ens permet fer-ho amb un equip senzill i accessible, sense dependre de microsc\u00f2pia especialitzada<\/em><\/em>.“<\/em>

Eduard Torrents<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Un pas cap a proves d’antibi\u00f2tics m\u00e9s r\u00e0pides i personalitzades<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A m\u00e9s d’estudiar com es forma el biofilm, l’equip va comprovar que el XpertBiofilm permet avaluar si un antibi\u00f2tic determinat \u00e9s efica\u00e7 davant d’un biofilm ja format amb soques de P. aeruginosa<\/em> amb perfils de resist\u00e8ncia diferents i coneguts, i es va demostrar que el dispositiu detectava correctament la resposta esperada a l’antibi\u00f2tic utilitzat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A continuaci\u00f3, l’equip va fer un pas m\u00e9s: va utilitzar directament mostres d’esput de pacients amb fibrosi qu\u00edstica, sense necessitat d’a\u00efllar pr\u00e8viament una \u00fanica soca bacteriana al laboratori. En tots dos casos, la plataforma va predir correctament quin antibi\u00f2tic era m\u00e9s efica\u00e7 i quin no, d’acord amb el perfil de resist\u00e8ncia ja conegut de cada mostra, i va permetre ajustar la ter\u00e0pia microbiana m\u00e9s adequada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Poder formar i analitzar un biofilm directament a partir d’una mostra d’esput, sense necessitat de cultius previs, obre la porta a proves de sensibilitat als antibi\u00f2tics m\u00e9s r\u00e0pides i ajustades a cada pacient, cosa especialment rellevant en infeccions cr\u00f2niques com les de la fibrosi qu\u00edstica<\/em>“, <\/em>assenyala N\u00faria Blanco-Cabra, primera autora de l’estudi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Esquema del flux de treball de validaci\u00f3 del XpertBiofilm i XpertBiofilm.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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“Poder formar i analitzar un biofilm directament a partir d’una mostra d’esput, sense necessitat de cultius previs, obre la porta a proves de sensibilitat als antibi\u00f2tics m\u00e9s r\u00e0pides i ajustades a cada pacient, cosa especialment rellevant en infeccions cr\u00f2niques com les de la fibrosi qu\u00edstica<\/em><\/em>.”

N\u00faria Blanco-Cabra.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Propers passos<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tot i que els resultats s\u00f3n molt esperan\u00e7adors, els mateixos autors de l’estudi assenyalen que es tracta d’una validaci\u00f3 al laboratori, feta amb un nombre limitat de soques bacterianes i de mostres de pacients, per la qual cosa el pas seg\u00fcent ser\u00e0 ampliar les proves a un nombre m\u00e9s gran de mostres cl\u00edniques i d’esp\u00e8cies bacterianes abans de confirmar-ne la utilitat en la pr\u00e0ctica cl\u00ednica habitual.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El XpertBiofilm no substitueix, de moment, els m\u00e8todes de diagn\u00f2stic microbiol\u00f2gic ja establerts als hospitals, sin\u00f3 que es planteja com una eina complement\u00e0ria que, en el futur, podria ajudar el personal cl\u00ednic a triar amb m\u00e9s rapidesa el tractament antibi\u00f2tic m\u00e9s adequat de manera personalitzada per a cada pacient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Article de refer\u00e8ncia<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00faria Blanco-Cabra, Jos\u00e9 Huguet, Josep Samitier, Rom\u00e9n Rodr\u00edguez-Trujillo, Eduard Torrents. A simple diagnostic platform reveals shear stress as critical in biofilm development. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces<\/em> 268 (2026), 116013. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2026.116013<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un equip de recerca de l’IBEC ha desenvolupat el XpertBiofilm, un dispositiu senzill i de baix cost que reprodueix el flux (shear stress) que els bacteris troben al cos hum\u00e0, … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":135959,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1905,1141],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-135977","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-bacterial-infections-and-antimicrobial-therapies-ca-2","tag-eduard-torrents-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nUn dispositiu de l'IBEC simula les condicions naturals per fer cr\u00e9ixer biofilms i testar-ne la susceptibilitat als antibi\u00f2tics de forma m\u00e9s precisa - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/an-ibec-device-simulates-natural-conditions-to-grow-biofilms-and-test-their-antibiotic-susceptibility-more-accurately\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un dispositiu de l'IBEC simula les condicions naturals per fer cr\u00e9ixer biofilms i testar-ne la susceptibilitat als antibi\u00f2tics de forma m\u00e9s precisa - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un equip de recerca de l’IBEC ha desenvolupat el XpertBiofilm, un dispositiu senzill i de baix cost que reprodueix el flux (shear stress) que els bacteris troben al cos hum\u00e0, ... 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