{"id":20286,"date":"2015-12-15T08:33:52","date_gmt":"2015-12-15T07:33:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=20286"},"modified":"2016-06-27T21:17:48","modified_gmt":"2016-06-27T19:17:48","slug":"les-cel%c2%b7lules-son-liquids-que-es-comporten-com-a-solids","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/les-cel%c2%b7lules-son-liquids-que-es-comporten-com-a-solids\/","title":{"rendered":"Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules s\u00f3n l\u00edquids que es comporten com a s\u00f2lids"},"content":{"rendered":"
Imatge: Una monocapa de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules epitelials mam\u00e0ries humanes. El nucli de la c\u00e8l\u00b7lula (ADN) est\u00e0 marcat en blau, el citoesquelet est\u00e0 marcat en vermell (actina) i verd (miosina).<\/h6>\n

Aquest grup de recerca de l’IBEC, que focalitza la seva recerca en l’habilitat de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules per migrar a l’interior dels organismes vius -un proc\u00e9s crucial que est\u00e0 implicat en un ampli rang de fen\u00f2mens del desenvolupament i de les malalties\u2013 ha publicat el seu descobriment en la revista Physical Review Letters.<\/p>\n

El descobriment ha estat possible gr\u00e0cies a una nova t\u00e8cnica anomenada aute-reologia que els permet estudiar el comportament d’alguns materials vius a escales de temps molt lentes, la qual cosa resulta complex a causa que requereix aplicar forces controlades o deformacions per un llarg per\u00edode de temps. Utilitzant aquesta t\u00e8cnica, Xavier Trepat i els seus col\u00b7legues han detectat que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules estan aplicant forces unes sobre altres de forma constant. \u201cAmb aquesta habilitat natural de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, la d’emp\u00e8nyer-se i estirar-se unes a unes altres, no hem d’aplicar-los cap for\u00e7a addicional per estudiar-les, solament hem de deixar-les a elles fer-ho i llavors analitzar les forces i les deformacions resultants”, explica Romarinc Vincent, primer autor de l’article.<\/p>\n

Els resultats es consideren sorprenents i nous perqu\u00e8 sempre s’havia pensat que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules vives es comportaven com a l\u00edquids a escales de temps molt llargues, per\u00f2 els experiments demostren que es comporten com a s\u00f2lids. \u201cNo importa quant temps esperes, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mai flueixen\u201d diu Xavier Trepat. \u201cQuan s’aboca un l\u00edquid en un recipient, independentment de la seva densitat, tard o d’hora s’adaptar\u00e0 a la seva forma, i quan se li aplica una for\u00e7a, com quan agites una tassa de caf\u00e8, flueix. No obstant aix\u00f2, els materials s\u00f2lids, com per exemple una banda el\u00e0stica o un moll, no flueixen, quan cessa la for\u00e7a externa aplicada tornen a la seva forma original”.<\/p>\n

La clau es troba en el \u201ccomportament actiu\u201d de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules. La ci\u00e8ncia dels materials tradicional no prediu aquest tipus de comportaments, perqu\u00e8 les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules no s\u00f3n materials tradicionals; s\u00f3n \u201cmaterials actius\u201d. A difer\u00e8ncia dels materials comuns, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules s\u00f3n capaces de consumir energia i transformar-la en una for\u00e7a, en un moviment o una deformaci\u00f3. Gr\u00e0cies a la seva naturalesa activa, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules poden eludir els dogmes establerts per la ci\u00e8ncia de materials<\/p>\n

La troballa canvia la forma en qu\u00e8 pensem sobre processos com el desenvolupament embrionari o la cicatritzaci\u00f3 de ferides. \u201cQuan un embri\u00f3 es desenvolupa, o quan una ferida se cicatritza, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules experimenten deformacions molt grans per adaptar-se a les noves formes” diu Xavier Trepat, qui creu que aquest descobriment incitar\u00e0 a la comunitat cient\u00edfica a desenvolupar les lleis dels materials actius.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Romaric Vincent, Elsa Bazellieres, Carlos Perez-Gonzalez, Marina Uroz, Xavier Serra-Picamal and Xavier Trepat (2015). Active tensile modulus of an epithelial monolayer.<\/a> Physics Review Letters<\/em>, 115, 248103<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\"romaricPRL_web\"Cient\u00edfics de l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) han descobert que, en contra del que es creia fins ara, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del nostre organisme es comporten d’una manera m\u00e9s semblada als s\u00f2lids que als l\u00edquids dels quals estan formades. <\/h3>\n

El l\u00edder d’aquesta recerca, Xavier Trepat, investigador principal del grup de Din\u00e0mica integrativa de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules i teixits de l ‘IBEC i professor investigador ICREA, descriu aquesta troballa com \u201calguna cosa que entra en contradicci\u00f3 amb el que fins ara s’assumia de manera intu\u00eftiva\u201d. \u201cSignifica que necessitem utilitzar noves lleis f\u00edsiques per entendre qu\u00e8 ingredients necessita un fluid per comportar-se com un s\u00f2lid\u201d, diu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":20262,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-20286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca"],"yoast_head":"\nLes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules s\u00f3n l\u00edquids que es comporten com a s\u00f2lids - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/les-cel\u00b7lules-son-liquids-que-es-comporten-com-a-solids\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules s\u00f3n l\u00edquids que es comporten com a s\u00f2lids - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cient\u00edfics de l'Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) han descobert que, en contra del que es creia fins ara, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del nostre organisme es comporten d'una manera m\u00e9s semblada als s\u00f2lids que als l\u00edquids dels quals estan formades. 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