{"id":24580,"date":"2016-09-09T08:30:48","date_gmt":"2016-09-09T06:30:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=24580"},"modified":"2016-10-11T17:07:16","modified_gmt":"2016-10-11T15:07:16","slug":"les-cel%c2%b7lules-es-mouen-en-grup-cap-a-teixits-rigids","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/les-cel%c2%b7lules-es-mouen-en-grup-cap-a-teixits-rigids\/","title":{"rendered":"Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules es mouen en grup cap a teixits r\u00edgids"},"content":{"rendered":"
Imatge: Un grup de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules d\u2019epiteli de mama s\u2019expandeix asim\u00e8tricament sobre una superf\u00edcie de rigidesa creixent (cap a la dreta de la imatge). Les l\u00ednies de colors mostren la traject\u00f2ria de cada c\u00e8l\u00b7lula (punts grisos) durant 10 hores<\/h6>\n

L’any 2000, investigadors de la Universitat de Boston i de la Universitat de Massachusetts van proposar per primera vegada que la rigidesa del teixit podia guiar el moviment de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules a\u00efllades. No obstant aix\u00f2, els estudis experimentals posteriors van demostrar que aquest mecanisme era molt poc eficient. “Amb aquest nou estudi hem descobert que quan les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules cooperen entre elles s\u00f3n capaces de respondre a variacions de rigidesa de forma molt m\u00e9s eficient que quan estan a\u00efllades”, diu Raimon Sunyer, primer autor de l’estudi.<\/p>\n

La clau \u00e9s la interacci\u00f3 entre c\u00e8l\u00b7lules<\/strong>
\n“\u00c9s un exemple del qu\u00e8 anomenem Intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia Col\u00b7lectiva: un grup pot assolir a una tasca que els seus individus a\u00efllats s\u00f3n incapa\u00e7os de realitzar”, explica Xavier Trepat, investigador ICREA a l’IBEC i director de l’estudi. “La clau no est\u00e0 en cap propietat de l’individu, sin\u00f3 en la seva interacci\u00f3 amb els seus iguals”. En aquest cas, la interacci\u00f3 \u00e9s f\u00edsica, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules transmeten informaci\u00f3 entre elles mitjan\u00e7ant les forces.<\/p>\n

Com m\u00e9s gran \u00e9s el grup de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, m\u00e9s eficient \u00e9s el moviment<\/strong>
\nEl grup d’investigadors, que tamb\u00e9 inclou membres de la Universitat de Barcelona (UB), la Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), la Universidad de Zaragoza, el Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) i el Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red en Bioingenier\u00eda, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), ha desenvolupat noves t\u00e8cniques per a crear biomaterials amb variacions de rigidesa, i van observar, en aquests materials, que els grups de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules es movien preferentment cap a les zones m\u00e9s r\u00edgides. Com m\u00e9s gran era el grup, m\u00e9s eficient era el moviment, i les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules individuals eren incapaces de trobar el cam\u00ed cap a les zones m\u00e9s r\u00edgides.<\/p>\n

\"\"
C\u00e8l\u00b7lules d\u2019epiteli de mama movent-se cap a la part m\u00e9s r\u00edgida d\u2019una superf\u00edcie. L\u2019actina es mostra en vermell, la paxilina en verd i els nuclis en blau.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Els investigadors han desenvolupat una teoria que explica el fenomen. “Cada c\u00e8l\u00b7lula aplica una for\u00e7a al seu voltant que li permet mesurar la rigidesa local, per\u00f2 les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules necessiten interaccionar f\u00edsicament entre elles per a transmetre aquesta informaci\u00f3 a escala global i moure’s”, afirma Pere Roca-Cusachs, investigador de l’IBEC, professor de la Universitat de Barcelona i co-director de l’estudi.<\/p>\n

Noves vies de recerca en c\u00e0ncer<\/strong>
\n“Els tumors s\u00f3n m\u00e9s r\u00edgids que el seu entorn, aix\u00ed que la durotaxi col\u00b7lectiva pot explicar els mecanismes mitjan\u00e7ant els quals les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals es mouen per a iniciar el proc\u00e9s metast\u00e0tic”, afirma Trepat. “Les cicatrius tamb\u00e9 s\u00f3n teixits m\u00e9s r\u00edgids que el seu entorn. Creiem que la durotaxi col\u00b7lectiva \u00e9s un mecanisme clau per a explicar com les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules es mouen per a cicatritzar les ferides i com podem controlar aquest proc\u00e9s”.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Article de refer\u00e8ncia:<\/strong> Raimon Sunyer, Vito Conte, Jorge Escribano, Alberto Elosegui-Artola, Anna Labernadie, Leo Valon, Daniel Navajas, Jose Manuel Garcia-Aznar, Jos\u00e9 J Munoz, Pere Roca-Cusachs and Xavier Trepat (2016). Collective durotaxis cell emerges from long-range force intercellular transmission<\/a>. Science, Vol. 353, Issue 6304, pp. 1157-1161
\n<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El nou fenomen, anomenat durotaxi col\u00b7lectiva, obre noves vies per a controlar l’expansi\u00f3 tumoral i per a millorar la cicatritzaci\u00f3 de ferides.<\/h3>\n

\"Durotaxis En un estudi publicat avui a la revista Science<\/em>, investigadors de l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) han demostrat que diversos tipus cel\u00b7lulars se senten atrets per les zones m\u00e9s r\u00edgides dels teixits. L’estudi trenca amb la visi\u00f3 tradicional, segons la qual el moviment cel\u00b7lular est\u00e0 guiat principalment per variacions en la concentraci\u00f3 qu\u00edmica de prote\u00efnes i ions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":24565,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[526,265],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-24580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-mecanobiologia-ca","tag-science-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nLes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules es mouen en grup cap a teixits r\u00edgids - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/les-cel\u00b7lules-es-mouen-en-grup-cap-a-teixits-rigids\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules es mouen en grup cap a teixits r\u00edgids - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El nou fenomen, anomenat durotaxi col\u00b7lectiva, obre noves vies per a controlar l'expansi\u00f3 tumoral i per a millorar la cicatritzaci\u00f3 de ferides. En un estudi publicat avui a la revista Science, investigadors de l'Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) han demostrat que diversos tipus cel\u00b7lulars se senten atrets per les zones m\u00e9s r\u00edgides dels teixits. 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