
{"id":27527,"date":"2017-02-10T12:34:39","date_gmt":"2017-02-10T11:34:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/investigadores-del-ibec-desarrollan-una-herramienta-optogenetica-que-dirige-la-contractilidad-celular-con-luz\/"},"modified":"2017-02-13T10:50:38","modified_gmt":"2017-02-13T09:50:38","slug":"investigadores-del-ibec-desarrollan-una-herramienta-optogenetica-que-dirige-la-contractilidad-celular-con-luz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/investigadores-del-ibec-desarrollan-una-herramienta-optogenetica-que-dirige-la-contractilidad-celular-con-luz\/","title":{"rendered":"An optogenetic tool that directs cellular contractility using light"},"content":{"rendered":"<h6 class=\"caption\" style=\"float: left; width: 30%; padding: 0px 20px 0px 0px;\">Left: Cells expressing the photoactivatable GEF construct increase their forces exerted on the substrate when activated by light. <\/h6>\n<p>Cells are contractile organisms capable of migrating, changing their shape or dividing to suit their environment. In all these processes, the cells reorganize their overall structure or cytoskeleton in a matter of minutes. To increase their contractility, the cells increase the activity of the RhoA GTPase in the membrane by triggering its activator, the GEF molecule, locally.<\/p>\n<p>The IBEC researchers have managed to direct the GEF molecule using light. To do this, they used a system of two proteins that bind with great affinity when exposed to a blue beam. One of the proteins in the pair binds to the membrane, and the other is anchored to the GEF activator. When the cell is illuminated with blue light, the GEF activator connects with the membrane protein, promoting cell contraction. \u201cThe presence of this GEF factor in the membrane is sufficient to increase the contractility of the illuminated cell up to 50%,\u201d says L\u00e9o Valon, an IBEC researcher and the study&#8217;s lead author.<\/p>\n<h6 class=\"caption\" style=\"float: right; width: 50%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27469 alignright lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/FINAL_COMBINED_.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"3780\" height=\"258\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 3780px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 3780\/258;\" \/>Activation of GEF contractility by turned on and off by light.<\/h6>\n<p>The increase in the forces exerted by the cells is completely reversible. \u201cThis allows us to generate local and periodic patterns of contraction and relaxation, simply by alternating the exposure of cells to light with periods of darkness,\u201d continues L\u00e9o. The researchers were able to contract an epithelium in just five minutes using one pulse of light.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe tools we have developed have many applications in mechanobiology,\u201d says Xavier Trepat, ICREA researcher at IBEC and head of the group responsible for the research. \u201cBeing able to control the forces that make the cells will allow us to carry out detailed studies of phenomena such as cell adhesion and mechanotransduction at the subcellular level, and tissue deformation and remodeling at the supracellular level.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In addition to the mechanobiology applications, the researchers predict that the new tool could be applied in the study of embryonic morphogenesis. \u201cBecause these optogenetic tools involve the use of equipment and genetic manipulations that are common in any laboratory, we expect them to become a benchmark technique for the control of cellular forces in different models,\u201d says Xavier.<\/p>\n<p>The study was made possible thanks to the financing of MINECO, the Generalitat de Catalunya and the ERC. The research team included L\u00e9o Valon, Ariadna Mar\u00edn-Llaurad\u00f3 and Xavier Trepat from IBEC, as well as Thomas Wyatt and Guillaume Charras from the London Center for Nanotechnology.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Reference article:<\/strong><br \/>\nL\u00e9o Valon, Ariadna Mar\u00edn-Llaurad\u00f3, Thomas Wyatt, Guillaume Charras &#038; Xavier Trepat (2017). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/ncomms14396\" target=\"_blank\">Optogenetic control of cellular forces and mechanotransduction.<\/a> <em>Nature Communications<\/em> DOI: 10.1038\/NCOMMS14396<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"left size-medium wp-image-27470 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/imatge_3_v2-300x205.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"205\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/imatge_3_v2-300x205.png 300w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/imatge_3_v2-768x524.png 768w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/imatge_3_v2-191x130.png 191w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/imatge_3_v2-150x102.png 150w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/imatge_3_v2.png 912w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/205;\" \/>Researchers at IBEC have controlled the contractility of a group of epithelial cells using an optogenetic switch activated by light. <\/h3>\n<p>The study, published in <em>Nature Communications<\/em>, explains how this novel technique allows for rapid, local and reversible changes in the forces exerted by cells, as well as tissue contraction.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":27470,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-27527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>An optogenetic tool that directs cellular contractility using light - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/investigadores-del-ibec-desarrollan-una-herramienta-optogenetica-que-dirige-la-contractilidad-celular-con-luz\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"An optogenetic tool that directs cellular contractility using light - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Researchers at IBEC have controlled the contractility of a group of epithelial cells using an optogenetic switch activated by light.  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