{"id":27707,"date":"2017-02-20T17:40:37","date_gmt":"2017-02-20T16:40:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/?p=27707"},"modified":"2017-02-20T18:06:55","modified_gmt":"2017-02-20T17:06:55","slug":"les-cel%c2%b7lules-tumorals-segresten-cel%c2%b7lules-sanes-per-promoure-la-metastasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/les-cel%c2%b7lules-tumorals-segresten-cel%c2%b7lules-sanes-per-promoure-la-metastasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals segresten c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sanes per promoure la met\u00e0stasi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Encara que al principi alguns tipus de carcinoma tenen una capacitat molt limitada per envair el teixit que els envolta, finalment troben el mecanisme per aconseguir-ho, i incrementen aix\u00ed l\u2019agressivitat del c\u00e0ncer.<\/p>\n

Un equip d\u2019investigadors, liderat per Xavier Trepat, professor d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 ICREA a l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), ha identificat un mecanisme mitjan\u00e7ant el qual les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses aconsegueixen escapar-se del tumor per promoure la met\u00e0stasi. L\u2019estudi, que s\u2019ha publicat avui com a portada de la prestigiosa revista Nature Cell Biology, i que ha rebut l\u2019impuls de l\u2019Obra Social \u201dla Caixa\u201d, revela que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals poden reprogramar les seves ve\u00efnes sanes perqu\u00e8 aquestes les arrosseguin m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 del tumor cap a altres teixits sans. <\/p>\n

Fibroblast al servei de la invasi\u00f3 tumoral<\/strong>
\nLes v\u00edctimes del segrest s\u00f3n els fibroblasts, un tipus de c\u00e8l\u00b7lula que s\u2019encarrega de la s\u00edntesi i l\u2019organitzaci\u00f3 de la matriu extracel\u00b7lular. \u00abEls fibroblasts s\u00f3n professionals del manteniment dels teixits sans i s\u00f3n capa\u00e7os de crear t\u00fanels en els teixits i despla\u00e7ar-se a trav\u00e9s seu. Utilitzen aquesta capacitat per restaurar els teixits quan patim una ferida\u00bb, afirma Anna Labernadie, investigadora Juan de la Cierva a l\u2019IBEC i primera autora de l\u2019estudi.<\/p>\n

Els investigadors han descobert que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses utilitzen la mobilitat dels fibroblasts per escapar dels tumors i despla\u00e7ar-se pels teixits. L\u2019entorn del tumor, o estroma, modifica aquests fibroblasts i els utilitza per a la invasi\u00f3. A partir d\u2019aquest moment, els fibroblasts es dediquen a obrir pas a les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses, tra\u00e7ant camins a trav\u00e9s de la matriu extracel\u00b7lular que envolta el tumor.<\/p>\n

Tot i que aquesta interacci\u00f3 tumor-hoste ja s\u2019havia descrit anteriorment, els investigadors de l\u2019IBEC han demostrat que els fibroblasts no solament creen t\u00fanels m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de l\u2019estroma, sin\u00f3 que exerceixen forces f\u00edsiques per arrossegar les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de c\u00e0ncer a trav\u00e9s d\u2019aquests t\u00fanels, promovent la invasi\u00f3 directa de teixit sa. \u00ab\u00c9s semblant a un tren que circula per un t\u00fanel: els fibroblasts s\u00f3n les locomotores i les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses els vagons\u00bb, comenta Labernadie. Mitjan\u00e7ant les mesures de for\u00e7a, que s\u2019han fet amb t\u00e8cniques desenvolupades i patentades pel grup de l\u2019IBEC, els investigadors han mostrat per primera vegada com els fibroblasts arrosseguen les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de c\u00e0ncer fora del tumor per promoure la met\u00e0stasi. <\/p>\n

La uni\u00f3 fa la for\u00e7a<\/strong>
\nEl principal repte de l\u2019estudi va ser identificar el mecanisme pel qual les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses s\u2019adhereixen als fibroblasts per moure\u2019s conjuntament. Es tracta d\u2019una interacci\u00f3 biof\u00edsica entre dues prote\u00efnes diferents, una localitzada a la superf\u00edcie de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses, l\u2019E-cadherina, i una altra expressada a la superf\u00edcie dels fibroblasts, la N-cadherina. \u00abAquestes prote\u00efnes s\u00f3n ganxos d\u2019escala nanom\u00e8trica que permeten unir les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules entre elles. Fins ara se sabia molt poc sobre aquesta interacci\u00f3, de fet, no se\u2019n coneix cap utilitat fisiol\u00f2gica\u00bb, afirma Trepat.<\/p>\n

Tot i la diferent naturalesa d\u2019ambdues prote\u00efnes, l\u2019estudi revela que les unions entre c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de c\u00e0ncer i fibroblasts s\u00f3n igual d\u2019eficients que les que s\u2019observen entre les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de c\u00e0ncer, cosa que posa en relleu que aquesta interacci\u00f3 at\u00edpica \u00e9s molt m\u00e9s efectiva del que es pensava. \u00abNo \u00e9s la primera vegada que s\u2019observa una uni\u00f3 funcional entre dos tipus cel\u00b7lulars diferents, per\u00f2 ens ha sorpr\u00e8s la gran efici\u00e8ncia d\u2019aquestes unions heterot\u00edpiques com a transmissores de for\u00e7a per a la invasi\u00f3 de c\u00e0ncer\u00bb, comenta Trepat, tamb\u00e9 investigador de la Facultat de Medicina de la Universitat de Barcelona i del Centre d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica en Xarxa de Bioenginyeria, Biomaterials o Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN).<\/p>\n

Del laboratori a l\u2019aplicaci\u00f3 cl\u00ednica<\/strong>
\nEls investigadors han utilitzat c\u00e8l\u00b7lules i teixits obtinguts de pacients amb c\u00e0ncer de pell i de pulm\u00f3. \u00abHem identificat aquest mecanisme en tumors molt diferents, la qual cosa ens fa pensar que pot ser general\u00bb, subratlla Trepat. \u00abA causa del mal pron\u00f2stic que tenen els malalts de c\u00e0ncer que pateixen met\u00e0stasi, identificar els mecanismes que promouen l\u2019avan\u00e7 del tumor ens pot ajudar a trobar maneres per frenar-lo.\u00bb<\/p>\n

El fet que la interacci\u00f3 identificada en l\u2019estudi sigui espec\u00edfica del c\u00e0ncer la converteix en una diana terap\u00e8utica molt atractiva. El grup que dirigeix Trepat ja ha creat una alian\u00e7a amb la farmac\u00e8utica Ferrer i la biotec Mind the Byte per dissenyar inhibidors d\u2019aquesta interacci\u00f3. \u00abEl problema de moltes ter\u00e0pies contra el c\u00e0ncer \u00e9s que no nom\u00e9s eliminen les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 les sanes. Estem treballant en el desenvolupament de mol\u00e8cules que inhibiran la progressi\u00f3 del tumor sense afectar el comportament fisiol\u00f2gic de les altres c\u00e8l\u00b7lules\u00bb, comenta Trepat.<\/p>\n

Aquesta investigaci\u00f3 ha estat desenvolupada en el grup de l\u2019IBEC Integrative Cell and Tissue Dynamics, liderat per Xavier Trepat en col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 amb el grup d\u2019Erik Sahai del Francis Crick Institute de Londres. El projecte ha rebut finan\u00e7ament de diverses fonts, incloent-hi el MEIC (anteriorment MINECO), la Generalitat de Catalunya, l\u2019European Research Council, l\u2019Obra Social \u201dla Caixa\u201d, les Accions Marie Sklodowska-Curie, la beca EMBO, el programa FP7, la Fundaci\u00f3 La Marat\u00f3 de TV3 i la beca AXA Research.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Art\u00edculo de referencia:<\/strong> A. Labernadie, T. Kato, A. Brugu\u00e9s, X. Serra-Picamal, S. Derzsi, E. Arwert, A. Weston, V. Gonz\u00e1lez-Tarrag\u00f3, A. Elosegui-Artola, L. Albertazzi, J. Alcaraz, P. Roca-Cusachs, Erik Sahai, X. Trepat (2017). \u201cA mechanically active heterotypic E-cadherin\/N-cadherin adhesion enables fibroblasts to drive cancer cell invasion\u201d. Nature Cell Biology<\/em>, e-pub ahead of print.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>En un estudi publicat avui a la revista Nature Cell Biology i impulsat per l\u2019Obra Social \u201dla Caixa\u201d, s’identifica la interacci\u00f3 entre dues prote\u00efnes que permet que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses utilitzin la for\u00e7a f\u00edsica de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sanes per escapar-se dels tumors i iniciar la met\u00e0stasi. <\/h3>\n

La met\u00e0stasi, responsable de la majoria de morts en pacients amb c\u00e0ncer, \u00e9s el proc\u00e9s mitjan\u00e7ant el qual les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses se separen del tumor original i formen un tumor nou en altres \u00f2rgans o teixits del cos. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":27684,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-27707","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca"],"yoast_head":"\nLes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals segresten c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sanes per promoure la met\u00e0stasi - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/les-cel\u00b7lules-tumorals-segresten-cel\u00b7lules-sanes-per-promoure-la-metastasi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals segresten c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sanes per promoure la met\u00e0stasi - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"En un estudi publicat avui a la revista Nature Cell Biology i impulsat per l\u2019Obra Social \u201dla Caixa\u201d, s'identifica la interacci\u00f3 entre dues prote\u00efnes que permet que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses utilitzin la for\u00e7a f\u00edsica de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sanes per escapar-se dels tumors i iniciar la met\u00e0stasi. La met\u00e0stasi, responsable de la majoria de morts en pacients amb c\u00e0ncer, \u00e9s el proc\u00e9s mitjan\u00e7ant el qual les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses se separen del tumor original i formen un tumor nou en altres \u00f2rgans o teixits del cos.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/les-cel\u00b7lules-tumorals-segresten-cel\u00b7lules-sanes-per-promoure-la-metastasi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-02-20T16:40:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-02-20T17:06:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/02\/spheroidwithsmooth_web.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"405\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrit per\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Temps estimat de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minuts\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/les-cel%c2%b7lules-tumorals-segresten-cel%c2%b7lules-sanes-per-promoure-la-metastasi\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/les-cel%c2%b7lules-tumorals-segresten-cel%c2%b7lules-sanes-per-promoure-la-metastasi\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c212c6b589546130be67986b9290e2b8\"},\"headline\":\"Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals segresten c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sanes per promoure la met\u00e0stasi\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-02-20T16:40:37+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-02-20T17:06:55+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/les-cel%c2%b7lules-tumorals-segresten-cel%c2%b7lules-sanes-per-promoure-la-metastasi\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1020,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/les-cel%c2%b7lules-tumorals-segresten-cel%c2%b7lules-sanes-per-promoure-la-metastasi\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2017\\\/02\\\/spheroidwithsmooth_web.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Not\u00edcies de recerca\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/les-cel%c2%b7lules-tumorals-segresten-cel%c2%b7lules-sanes-per-promoure-la-metastasi\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/les-cel%c2%b7lules-tumorals-segresten-cel%c2%b7lules-sanes-per-promoure-la-metastasi\\\/\",\"name\":\"Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tumorals segresten c\u00e8l\u00b7lules sanes per promoure la met\u00e0stasi - 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