{"id":5798,"date":"2011-05-23T09:02:00","date_gmt":"2011-05-23T09:02:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/new\/plitotaxi-com-grups-de-celmlules-troben-el-cami\/"},"modified":"2015-01-15T12:05:55","modified_gmt":"2015-01-15T12:05:55","slug":"plitotaxi-com-grups-de-celmlules-troben-el-cami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/plitotaxi-com-grups-de-celmlules-troben-el-cami\/","title":{"rendered":"Plitotaxi: com grups de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules troben el cam\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A la revista <em>Nature Materials<\/em> d\u2019avui, els cient\u00edfics descriuen el seu principi recent descobert, la plitotaxi, en el qual les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules migrat\u00f2ries estiren les unes de les altres d\u2019una forma molt desordenada, encara que efectiva, per assolir la seva meta com\u00fa: el moviment del grup com un tot. \u201cLes nostres troballes mostren que cada c\u00e8l\u00b7lula d\u2019un grup executa la seva pr\u00f2pia dansa desenfrenada i ca\u00f2tica que, encara que sembli feta a l\u2019atzar, contribueix a la direcci\u00f3 del moviment desitjada i \u00e9s innatament col\u00b7lectiu,\u201d explica l\u2019investigador de l\u2019IBEC Xavier Trepat.<\/p>\n<p>En Xavier i els seus col\u00b7laboradors dels Estats Units, Dhananjay Tambe, C. Corey Hardin i Jeffrey Fredberg, varen fer servir un m\u00e8tode desenvolupat per ells mateixos anomenat Microsc\u00f2pia d\u2019Estr\u00e8s en Monocapa (Monolayer Stress Microscopy &#8211; MSM) per observar les forces mec\u00e0niques exercides en les unions cel\u00b7lulars en grups migratoris. \u201cNewton ens va ensenyar que el moviment d\u2019un objecte no es pot comprendre si no \u00e9s dins del context de forces,\u201d explica en Xavier. \u201cLes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules no s\u00f3n cap excepci\u00f3\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Fent servir MSM, els investigadors varen poder tra\u00e7ar per primera vegada un mapa d\u2019aquestes forces, revelant un principi inesperat i nou. \u201cEn lloc de mostrar una variaci\u00f3 homog\u00e8nia i sistem\u00e0tica dins del grup en moviment, la distribuci\u00f3 de les forces f\u00edsiques \u00e9s molt accidentada: fluctua abruptament en el temps i l\u2019espai, emergeix espont\u00e0niament, i coopera al llarg de molts cossos cel\u00b7lulars,\u201d diu en Xavier. \u201cAix\u00f2 mostra que succeeixen m\u00e9s coses que nom\u00e9s les ja familiars quimiotaxi, durotaxi o haptotaxi, per exemple, en les que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules responen a senyals o segueixen gradients.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>El terme plitotaxi ve de plythos, que vol dir multitud, eixam, o muni\u00f3, i captura les heterogene\u00eftats din\u00e0miques i la cooperativitat cel\u00b7lular d\u2019aquest nou mecanisme d\u2019orientaci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular en la migraci\u00f3 col\u00b7lectiva de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules. \u201cEl descobriment d\u2019una relaci\u00f3 entre les forces f\u00edsiques i els moviments cel\u00b7lulars individuals in vitro vol dir que s\u2019han de fer m\u00e9s proves per veure si es mant\u00e9 en teixits in vivo, i podria obrir nous camins en la predicci\u00f3 del moviment de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses.<\/p>\n<p>Les troballes tamb\u00e9 mostren que comprendre cada c\u00e8l\u00b7lula individual dins d\u2019un grup en moviment mai ser\u00e0 suficient per comprendre el comportament de tot el grup. \u201cIgual que amb els estols d\u2019aus migrat\u00f2ries, la majoria dels detalls sobre la biologia de l\u2019au s\u00f3n irrellevants per comprendre el seu comportament en grup; el que realment importa \u00e9s com cadascuna interactua amb les seves ve\u00efnes,\u201d diu en Xavier. \u201cAix\u00f2 podria ser el m\u00e9s important que hem apr\u00e9s d\u2019aquest estudi. No es tracta nom\u00e9s d\u2019intentar comprendre tots els detalls a la nanoescala de cadascuna de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, sin\u00f3 que potser haur\u00edem de concentrar els nostres esfro\u00e7os en comprendre com cadascuna influencia les altres, aix\u00ed que cal rec\u00f3rrer a la f\u00edsica per comprendre la seva interacci\u00f3.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: bold;\">Font: <\/span>Tambe et al (2011). Collective cell guidance by cooperative intercellular forces. <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">Nature Materials<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3>Les primeres mesures de les forces que impulsen la migraci\u00f3 col\u00b7lectiva de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules desvetllen un nou principi de la biologia<\/h3>\n<p>Processos com la regeneraci\u00f3 de teixits i la met\u00e0stasi cancerosa depenen de que grups de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules recorrin grans dist\u00e0ncies sense perdre la seva cohesi\u00f3, per\u00f2 com ho fan era desconegut fins ara. Investigadors de l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i de la Universitat de Harvard han resolt el misteri i desvetllat un nou fenomen en biologia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-5798","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Plitotaxi: com grups de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules troben el cam\u00ed - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/plitotaxi-com-grups-de-celmlules-troben-el-cami\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Plitotaxi: com grups de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules troben el cam\u00ed - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les primeres mesures de les forces que impulsen la migraci\u00f3 col\u00b7lectiva de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules desvetllen un nou principi de la biologia  Processos com la regeneraci\u00f3 de teixits i la met\u00e0stasi cancerosa depenen de que grups de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules recorrin grans dist\u00e0ncies sense perdre la seva cohesi\u00f3, per\u00f2 com ho fan era desconegut fins ara. 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