{"id":59306,"date":"2018-05-28T11:52:09","date_gmt":"2018-05-28T09:52:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=59306"},"modified":"2020-06-15T12:53:23","modified_gmt":"2020-06-15T10:53:23","slug":"les-forces-fisiques-regulen-la-divisio-cel%c2%b7lular","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/physical-forces-regulate-cell-division","title":{"rendered":"Les forces f\u00edsiques regulen la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tots els organismes pluricel\u00b7lulars es formen a partir d’una sola c\u00e8l\u00b7lula, el zigot. Per desenvolupar els diversos \u00f2rgans i teixits, aquesta c\u00e8l\u00b7lula original es multiplica fins a constituir un organisme funcional i adult. El proc\u00e9s que totes les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules experimenten es diu divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular.<\/p>\n

Cada c\u00e8l\u00b7lula eucariota d’un organisme es divideix en mitjana 50 vegades abans d’entrar en senesc\u00e8ncia (mort cel\u00b7lular). Per dividir-se, la c\u00e8l\u00b7lula ha de cr\u00e9ixer, copiar el seu material gen\u00e8tic (ADN) i separar-se f\u00edsicament en dues c\u00e8l\u00b7lules filles iguals entre si i iguals a la c\u00e8l\u00b7lula mare, seguint l’anomenat cicle cel\u00b7lular. Les dues c\u00e8l\u00b7lules filles, al seu torn, poden seguir el mateix cicle i multiplicar exponencialment la seva descend\u00e8ncia en les seg\u00fcents generacions.<\/p>\n

Tant en les primeres fases del desenvolupament embrionari com en els \u00f2rgans i teixits adults, les divisions cel\u00b7lulars deuen estar regulades. Un exemple de proliferaci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular descontrolada la presenta el c\u00e0ncer, on les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses es divideixen indefinidament formant tumors i fins i tot envaint i interferint en el bon funcionament de teixits i \u00f2rgans sans. \u00c9s per tant crucial entendre quins mecanismes regulen la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular en l’organisme adult i en el seu desenvolupament.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Un epiteli de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de la l\u00ednia MDCK amb els nuclis marcats: el color oscil\u00b7la del vermell al verd en funci\u00f3 de la fase del cicle cel\u00b7lular; vermell per a la fase G1, verd per a les fases S, G2 i M.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

L’equip de recerca del professor Trepat ha descobert que les forces mec\u00e0niques regulen diverses fases del cicle cel\u00b7lular, incloent l’inici de la mitosi, quan el nucli i el citoplasma es divideixen en dues c\u00e8l\u00b7lules. Els investigadors han demostrat que la tensi\u00f3 i l’energia mec\u00e0nica d’un teixit poden predir la durada de les fases del cicle cel\u00b7lular, revelant-se com un possible mecanisme de control de la divisi\u00f3 de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules i del correcte manteniment de l’home\u00f2stasi, \u00e9s a dir, els mecanismes d’autorregulaci\u00f3 dels \u00e9ssers vius.<\/p>\n

Per arribar a aquesta conclusi\u00f3, els investigadors van mesurar les forces mec\u00e0niques exercides per centenars de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules durant la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular, aix\u00ed com la influ\u00e8ncia de les seves ve\u00efnes durant aquest proc\u00e9s, amb experiments de m\u00e9s de 24 hores de durada. \u201cA partir d’un intens an\u00e0lisi estad\u00edstic, hem trobat una clara correlaci\u00f3 entre l’estat mec\u00e0nic del teixit i les divisions cel\u00b7lulars que s\u2019hi donen\u201d, comenta Marina Uroz, estudiant de doctorat en el grup del professor Trepat i primera autora de l’estudi. \u201cEntre altres observacions, hem vist que les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules baixen el seu nivell de tensi\u00f3 just abans de dividir-se, per facilitar el proc\u00e9s de mitosi. A m\u00e9s, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules ve\u00efnes col\u00b7laboren en aquest proc\u00e9s abans i durant la divisi\u00f3\u201d, afegeix Marina Uroz.<\/p>\n

L’estudi suggereix que les forces mec\u00e0niques poden regular les divisions cel\u00b7lulars en els teixits. \u201cConeixem b\u00e9 els programes gen\u00e8tics i els senyals bioqu\u00edmics que regulen amb alt\u00edssima precisi\u00f3 la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular\u201d, assenyala el professor Trepat. \u201cAmb aquest estudi hem mostrat que les forces f\u00edsiques tamb\u00e9 tenen un paper en la regulaci\u00f3 de la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular. Les forces s\u00f3n un nou element, que est\u00e0 \u00edntimament relacionat amb el manteniment i la regeneraci\u00f3 dels teixits\u201d, afegeix.<\/p>\n

La recerca, que revela les claus per predir les divisions cel\u00b7lulars a partir de par\u00e0metres mec\u00e0nics, podria tenir un paper important en la comprensi\u00f3 del c\u00e0ncer. \u201cSi aconsegu\u00edssim frenar la divisi\u00f3 descontrolada de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses a partir de senyals mec\u00e0nics, evitar\u00edem el creixement dels tumors i sobretot l’expansi\u00f3 del c\u00e0ncer en forma de met\u00e0stasi\u201d, conclou el professor Trepat.<\/p>\n

El projecte ha estat finan\u00e7at per la Generalitat de Catalunya, el Ministeri d’Economia i Competitivitat (MEC), el Ministeri de Sanitat (programa CIBER-BBN) i l\u2019European Research Council (ERC), aix\u00ed com la Comissi\u00f3 Europea, Obra Social la Caixa i la Fundaci\u00f3 La Marat\u00f3 de TV3.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Article referenciat:<\/p>\n

Marina Uroz, Sabrina Wistorf, Xavier Serra-Picamal, Vito Conte, Marta Sales-Pardo, Pere Roca-Cusachs, Roger Guimera & Xavier Trepat. \u201cRegulation of cell cycle progression by cell\u2013cell and cell\u2013matrix forces\u201d<\/a>. Nature Cell Biology, 25 May 2018. Doi:10.1038\/s41556-018-0107-2<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

IBEC als mitjans:<\/strong><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.lavanguardia.com\/vida\/20180528\/443911798310\/descubren-que-la-division-celular-esta-regulada-por-fuerzas-fisicas.html<\/a><\/p>\n

http:\/\/noticiasdelaciencia.com\/not\/28756\/las-fuerzas-fisicas-regulan-la-division-celular<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\"\"Investigadors de l’IBEC ha descobert que la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular que es produeix en teixits epitelials est\u00e0 regulada per forces mec\u00e0niques<\/h3>\n

Aquest descobriment obre la porta a una major comprensi\u00f3 de la proliferaci\u00f3 descontrolada de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses en els tumors, i a la seva possible regulaci\u00f3 per mitj\u00e0 de forces f\u00edsiques.<\/p>\n

El resultat de la recerca, que s’ha publicat a la revista Nature Cell Biology, ha estat duta a terme pel grup de recerca del Xavier Trepat, professor ICREA a l’IBEC i professor associat a la UB, i en ella es relaciona l’estat mec\u00e0nic del teixit amb la progressi\u00f3 al llarg del cicle cel\u00b7lular i divisi\u00f3 de les seves c\u00e8l\u00b7lules.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":59289,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1134,1143],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-59306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-pere-roca-cusachs-ca","tag-xavier-trepat-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nLes forces f\u00edsiques regulen la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/physical-forces-regulate-cell-division\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les forces f\u00edsiques regulen la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Investigadors de l'IBEC ha descobert que la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular que es produeix en teixits epitelials est\u00e0 regulada per forces mec\u00e0niques Aquest descobriment obre la porta a una major comprensi\u00f3 de la proliferaci\u00f3 descontrolada de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules canceroses en els tumors, i a la seva possible regulaci\u00f3 per mitj\u00e0 de forces f\u00edsiques. El resultat de la recerca, que s'ha publicat a la revista Nature Cell Biology, ha estat duta a terme pel grup de recerca del Xavier Trepat, professor ICREA a l'IBEC i professor associat a la UB, i en ella es relaciona l'estat mec\u00e0nic del teixit amb la progressi\u00f3 al llarg del cicle cel\u00b7lular i divisi\u00f3 de les seves c\u00e8l\u00b7lules.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/physical-forces-regulate-cell-division\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-05-28T09:52:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-06-15T10:53:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/XTrepat_MUroz_2_web-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1093\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrit per\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Temps estimat de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minuts\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/physical-forces-regulate-cell-division\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/physical-forces-regulate-cell-division\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c212c6b589546130be67986b9290e2b8\"},\"headline\":\"Les forces f\u00edsiques regulen la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-05-28T09:52:09+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-06-15T10:53:23+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/physical-forces-regulate-cell-division\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":776,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/physical-forces-regulate-cell-division\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/05\\\/XTrepat_MUroz_2_web-1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Pere Roca-Cusachs\",\"Xavier Trepat\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Not\u00edcies de recerca\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/physical-forces-regulate-cell-division\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/physical-forces-regulate-cell-division\\\/\",\"name\":\"Les forces f\u00edsiques regulen la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular - 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