{"id":62184,"date":"2018-10-19T11:04:37","date_gmt":"2018-10-19T09:04:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=62184"},"modified":"2020-06-15T11:43:17","modified_gmt":"2020-06-15T09:43:17","slug":"la-teva-cara-prove-de-la-part-posterior-del-teu-cap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/la-teva-cara-prove-de-la-part-posterior-del-teu-cap\/","title":{"rendered":"La teva cara prov\u00e9 de la part posterior del teu cap"},"content":{"rendered":"
Esquerra: c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de la cresta neural migrant col\u00b7lectivament durant la morfog\u00e8nesi al cap; a la dreta, una recreaci\u00f3 de com les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules s\u00f3n empeses cap endavant des de la part posterior del crani, com en pressionar la pasta d’un tub de pasta dental.<\/h6>\n

“A l’\u00fater, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de la cresta neural de l’embri\u00f3 llisquen des de la part posterior fins a la part frontal del cap per formar la cara”, diu el Prof. Roberto Mayor, del departament de Biologia Cel\u00b7lular i del Desenvolupament del University College London<\/a>, grup on es va realitzar l’estudi publicat avui a Science<\/em> en col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 amb l’investigador principal de l’IBEC i professor ICREA Xavier Trepat<\/a>. “Per primera vegada, hem identificat com ocorre aquesta migraci\u00f3: sembla ser similar a la forma en qu\u00e8 estrenyeries la pasta de dents des de la part posterior del tub per moure el contingut cap al davant”.<\/p>\n

Hist\u00f2ricament, el moviment d’aquestes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules s’havia explicat com si es tract\u00e9s d’un tren: amb una \u201clocomotora\u201d a la part davantera que genera for\u00e7a i empeny a la resta del tren cap endavant. El nou descobriment desafia aquesta visi\u00f3, en mostrar que el motor que empeny les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de la cresta neural es troba a la part posterior i no en la davantera. La troballa pot ser d’ajuda per evitar malformacions facials, millorar la cicatritzaci\u00f3 de ferides o inhibir la met\u00e0stasi del c\u00e0ncer, ja que qualsevol modificaci\u00f3 del moviment cel\u00b7lular ha de centrar-se a modificar les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de la part posterior en lloc de les capdavanteres.<\/p>\n

Durant l’estudi, els investigadors van treballar amb embrions de granota i de peix, perqu\u00e8 les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de la seva cresta neural es comporten de manera similar a les humanes i el seu moviment s’empra sovint per estudiar l’expansi\u00f3 del c\u00e0ncer. A m\u00e9s, es pot estudiar el desenvolupament d’embrions de granotes i peixos sense causar-los cap mal.<\/p>\n

L’equip va utilitzar un feix de llum per controlar al grup de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare neurals \u2013 activant la seva contracci\u00f3 mitjan\u00e7ant optogen\u00e8tica. Despr\u00e9s d’observar que el grup de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules est\u00e0 envoltat per un cable de prote\u00efna que es contreu i les empeny a avan\u00e7ar, van determinar que \u00e9s en particular la contracci\u00f3 de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules posteriors la que dirigeix l’aven\u00e7 de tot el grup. \u201cLes eines optogen\u00e8tiques ens van permetre contraure selectivament les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules posteriors del grup, per demostrar que s\u00f3n aquestes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules les encarregades de liderar la migraci\u00f3 col\u00b7lectiva que acaba formant la cara\u201d, comenta el Prof. Trepat. “Aquest \u00e9s un gran exemple d’organitzaci\u00f3 supra-cel\u00b7lular, on un grup de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules es comporta de manera coordinada, com si fos una sola”, afegeix.<\/p>\n

L’estudi \u00e9s el resultat d’una col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 entre investigadors de la UCL i de l’Institut de Bioinginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), membre del BIST (Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology<\/a>). Ha estat finan\u00e7at pel Medical Research Council, el Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, el Wellcome Trust, la Comissi\u00f3 Europea, l’ERC, el MINECO, la Generalitat de Catalunya i el CIBER-BBN.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Article de refer\u00e8ncia:<\/strong> Adam Shellard, Andr\u00e1s Szab\u00f3, Xavier Trepat & Roberto Mayor (2018). Supracellular contraction at the rear of neural crest cell groups drives collective chemotaxis<\/a>. Science<\/em>, Vol. 362, Issue 6412, pp. 339-343<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\"\"Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare embrion\u00e0ries que donen forma a la cara (c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de la cresta neural) utilitzen un mecanisme inesperat per desenvolupar les caracter\u00edstiques facials, segons revela un nou estudi dirigit per la UCL que involucra a investigadors de l’IBEC.<\/h3>\n

Els investigadors han desxifrat com es mouen aquestes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, podent ajudar a comprendre com ocorren els defectes facials, com el paladar fes i la par\u00e0lisi facial.<\/p>\n

El mecanisme recentment descrit podria ser rellevant per al desenvolupament de noves ter\u00e0pies, at\u00e8s que podria estar darrere d’altres processos de migraci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular, com la invasi\u00f3 del c\u00e0ncer durant la met\u00e0stasi o la cicatritzaci\u00f3 de ferides.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":62109,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1143],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-62184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-xavier-trepat-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nLa teva cara prov\u00e9 de la part posterior del teu cap - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/la-teva-cara-prove-de-la-part-posterior-del-teu-cap\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La teva cara prov\u00e9 de la part posterior del teu cap - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules mare embrion\u00e0ries que donen forma a la cara (c\u00e8l\u00b7lules de la cresta neural) utilitzen un mecanisme inesperat per desenvolupar les caracter\u00edstiques facials, segons revela un nou estudi dirigit per la UCL que involucra a investigadors de l'IBEC. 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