{"id":62314,"date":"2018-10-31T17:00:48","date_gmt":"2018-10-31T16:00:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=62314"},"modified":"2020-06-15T11:42:47","modified_gmt":"2020-06-15T09:42:47","slug":"investigadors-descobreixen-cel%c2%b7lules-superdeformables","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/investigadors-descobreixen-cel%c2%b7lules-superdeformables\/","title":{"rendered":"Investigadors descobreixen c\u00e8l\u00b7lules superdeformables"},"content":{"rendered":"

L’equip, dirigit per Marino Arroyo i Xavier Trepat, ha desenvolupat una t\u00e8cnica per sotmetre teixits epitelials (capes cel\u00b7lulars primes que recobreixen les superf\u00edcies internes i externes del cos) a deformacions molt grans, fins a quatre vegades la seva mida original. Aquests teixits s\u00f3n fonamentals per la vida, ja que protegeixen el cos de la radiaci\u00f3, dels contaminants i dels pat\u00f2gens. Tamb\u00e9 s\u00f3n els responsables de l’intercanvi de gasos als pulmons, de l’absorci\u00f3 de nutrients a l’intest\u00ed i de l’excreci\u00f3 d’orina als ronyons.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
C\u00e8l\u00b7lules\u00a0superdeformades\u00a0envoltades per unes altres m\u00ednimament deformades. El nucli cel\u00b7lular es mostra en blau, els filaments d’actina en vermell i els filaments de queratina en verd.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cLa major part dels materials no toleren b\u00e9 un gran estirament. A mesura que es van deformant, intenten tornar al seu estat relaxat inicial – com una goma el\u00e0stica -, amb la possibilitat d\u2019arribar a trencar-se quan la tensi\u00f3 sigui molt elevada”, diu Marino Arroyo, catedr\u00e0tic de la Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya i investigador associat de l\u2019IBEC. L’equip ha descobert que els teixits epitelials tenen un comportament mec\u00e0nic diferent i inusual. Sorprenentment, els epitelis no es van trencar durant la deformaci\u00f3, i van recuperar la seva mida inicial de manera totalment reversible en cessar la tensi\u00f3. Per\u00f2 el menys previsible de tot va ser observar com algunes c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del teixit amb prou feines s’estiraven, mentre que d\u2019altres ho feien de forma extrema fins augmentar la seva \u00e0rea m\u00e9s de deu vegades.<\/p>\n

Els autors han identificat els mecanismes moleculars que expliquen aquest comportament f\u00edsic, que han anomenat superelasticitat activa<\/em>, en analogia amb el comportament d’alguns aliatges met\u00e0l\u00b7lics d’alta tecnologia utilitzats en aplicacions m\u00e8diques. A mesura que el teixit s’estira, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules que el componen tenen l’habilitat de mantenir-se en un estat relaxat o b\u00e9 de canviar cap a un estat superdeformat<\/em> sense que aix\u00f2 els causi cap \u201cmol\u00e8stia\u201d. En conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia, aquests teixits poden suportar una deformaci\u00f3 creixent gr\u00e0cies al fet que les seves c\u00e8l\u00b7lules van canviant progressivament cap al seu estat superdeformat<\/em> sense augmentar la tensi\u00f3, cosa que si fos d’una altra manera comprometria la integritat o la cohesi\u00f3 del teixit.<\/p>\n

“Tots estem familiaritzats amb superherois com Ms. Marvel<\/em> o Els Incre\u00efbles<\/em>, que s\u00f3n capa\u00e7os de deformar els seus cossos m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 dels l\u00edmits humans. \u00c9s divertit pensar que les nostres c\u00e8l\u00b7lules tamb\u00e9 s\u00f3n superdeformables. Estem fets de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules superhero\u00efnes!\u201d, diu Xavier Trepat, investigador ICREA a l\u2019IBEC i professor asociat a la UB. “Entendre aquest sorprenent comportament mec\u00e0nic dels teixits epitelials podria ajudar-nos a desenvolupar millors \u00f2rgans artificials o noves tecnologies bi\u00f2niques com els \u00f2rgans-en-un-xip”, afageix Ernest Latorre, del grup Integrative Cell and Tissue Dynamics<\/a> de l\u2019IBEC i primer autor de l’estudi.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Aquest estudi ha rebut finan\u00e7ament del Ministeri d’Economia i Competitivitat (FEDER), de la Generalitat de Catalunya i del programa CERCA, de l\u2019European Research Council (CoG-616480, CoG-681434, CoG-617233 i StG-640525), de la Comissi\u00f3 Europea (projecte H2020-FETPROACT-01-2016-731957), de l\u2019Instituto de Salud Carlos III, del Deutsche Forschung Gemeinschaft i de la Fundaci\u00f3 Obra Social \u201cla Caixa\u201d.<\/address>\n

—<\/p>\n

Article referenciat: Ernest Latorre, Sohan Kale, Laura Casares, Manuel Gomez-Gonzalez, Marina Uroz, L\u00e9o Valon, Roshna V. Nair, Elena Garreta, Nuria Montserrat, Ar\u00e1nzazu del Campo, Benoit Ladoux, Marino Arroyo & Xavier Trepat (2018). Active superelasticity in three-dimensional epithelia of controlled shape.<\/a> Nature<\/em>, pub ahead of print<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Una de les habilitats m\u00e9s envejables dels superherois \u00e9s la seva capacitat per estirar els seus cossos m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 dels l\u00edmits imaginables. <\/h3>\n

En un estudi publicat avui a la revista Nature<\/em>, cient\u00edfics han descobert el mecanisme que explica com les nostres c\u00e8l\u00b7lules poden fer precisament aix\u00f2: deformar-se de forma extrema sense trencar-se.<\/p>\n

La investigaci\u00f3 de l\u2019IBEC, impulsada per la Fundaci\u00f3 Banc\u00e0ria \u201cla Caixa\u201d, i la UPC presenten una nova propietat f\u00edsica de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, que denominen superelasticitat activa, que explica la seva capacitat inusual per suportar deformacions extremes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":62302,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1143],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-62314","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-xavier-trepat-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nInvestigadors descobreixen c\u00e8l\u00b7lules superdeformables - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/investigadors-descobreixen-cel\u00b7lules-superdeformables\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Investigadors descobreixen c\u00e8l\u00b7lules superdeformables - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Una de les habilitats m\u00e9s envejables dels superherois \u00e9s la seva capacitat per estirar els seus cossos m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 dels l\u00edmits imaginables. 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La investigaci\u00f3 de l\u2019IBEC, impulsada per la Fundaci\u00f3 Banc\u00e0ria \u201cla Caixa\u201d, i la UPC presenten una nova propietat f\u00edsica de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, que denominen superelasticitat activa, que explica la seva capacitat inusual per suportar deformacions extremes.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/investigadors-descobreixen-cel\u00b7lules-superdeformables\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-10-31T16:00:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-06-15T09:42:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/Investigadores_1web.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"326\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrit per\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Temps estimat de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minuts\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/investigadors-descobreixen-cel%c2%b7lules-superdeformables\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/investigadors-descobreixen-cel%c2%b7lules-superdeformables\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c212c6b589546130be67986b9290e2b8\"},\"headline\":\"Investigadors descobreixen c\u00e8l\u00b7lules superdeformables\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-10-31T16:00:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-06-15T09:42:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/investigadors-descobreixen-cel%c2%b7lules-superdeformables\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":606,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/investigadors-descobreixen-cel%c2%b7lules-superdeformables\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/Investigadores_1web.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Xavier Trepat\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Not\u00edcies de recerca\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/investigadors-descobreixen-cel%c2%b7lules-superdeformables\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/investigadors-descobreixen-cel%c2%b7lules-superdeformables\\\/\",\"name\":\"Investigadors descobreixen c\u00e8l\u00b7lules superdeformables - 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