{"id":63567,"date":"2018-11-27T09:45:42","date_gmt":"2018-11-27T08:45:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=63567"},"modified":"2020-06-15T11:40:37","modified_gmt":"2020-06-15T09:40:37","slug":"lenfocament-ascendent-es-suficient-per-entendre-tot-un-sistema","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/lenfocament-ascendent-es-suficient-per-entendre-tot-un-sistema\/","title":{"rendered":"L&#8217;enfocament ascendent \u00e9s suficient per entendre tot un sistema?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules d\u2019un grup, per exemple, poden sentir o respondre a est\u00edmuls externs que una c\u00e8l\u00b7lula individual no pot identificar.<\/p>\n<p>Segons Xavier, per determinar com funcionen els sistemes vius complexos \u00e9s millor intentar comprendre els principis i variables que regeixen els processos a nivell de mesoescala. Mentre que la reconstituci\u00f3 dels processos d&#8217;escala molecular pot ser \u00fatil en determinats casos, \u2014com per exemple en el cas en qu\u00e8 l&#8217;enginyeria dels circuits gen\u00e8tics responsables de la comunicaci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular \u00e9s suficient per controlar la forma del teixit 3D\u2014 creu que per aclarir el que succeeix a nivell del sistema biol\u00f2gic, els experiments haurien d\u2019investigar diferents longituds de teixits i a escala temporal, mitjan\u00e7ant la manipulaci\u00f3 tant mec\u00e0nica com bioqu\u00edmica.<\/p>\n<p>Recentment, els enfocaments ascendents han despertat molt inter\u00e8s entre d\u2019altres investigadors, entre ells Matthew Good, bi\u00f2leg de la Universitat de Pennsilv\u00e0nia, que va redactar un escrit complementant el mateix article, \u00abUnderstanding by building\u00bb (\u00abConstruint per comprendre\u00bb), i en el qual sost\u00e9 a favor dels enfocaments ascendents, que les estructures d\u2019enginyeria biol\u00f2gica i els comportaments de les seves parts constitutives redueixen un sistema viu complex a un conjunt de components m\u00e9s manejable. D&#8217;aquesta manera, es pot definir el conjunt m\u00ednim de prote\u00efnes i interaccions necess\u00e0ries per a l&#8217;aparici\u00f3 de fen\u00f2mens complexos com ara la divisi\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular. &#8220;Els enfocaments ascendents s\u00f3n \u00fatils i els fem servir cont\u00ednuament en el laboratori, per\u00f2 \u00e9s important tenir en compte que els mecanismes dels sistemes vius no s&#8217;originen en els nivells inferiors, sin\u00f3 a escales interm\u00e8dies&#8221;, diu. De fet, el seu grup va publicar <a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/scientists-discover-super-stretchy-cells\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">un altre article en el mateix n\u00famero de Nature, fent refer\u00e8ncia als enfocaments ascendents per dissenyar teixits epitelials<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<p>Good M, Trepat X. (2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-018-07246-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cell parts to complex processes, from the bottom up.<\/a> Nature, 563(7730):188-189<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"left size-full wp-image-63557 lazyload\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"535\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup.jpg 400w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup-224x300.jpg 224w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup-97x130.jpg 97w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup-112x150.jpg 112w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 400px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 400\/535;\" \/><\/a>El responsable del grup de l\u2019IBEC, Xavier Trepat, ha publicat un article d&#8217;opini\u00f3 a la secci\u00f3 News and Views (Not\u00edcies i Opini\u00f3) del darrer n\u00famero de la revista Nature, dedicat a la \u00abBiologia ascendent\u00bb. <\/h3>\n<p>En el seu article \u00abBottom does not explain top\u00bb (\u00abEl nivell inferior no explica el nivell superior\u00bb), Xavier argumenta que entendre com es construeixen les estructures biol\u00f2giques complexes \u2014o fins i tot les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules com un tot\u2014, nom\u00e9s aporta una certa idea de com funcionen els sistemes biol\u00f2gics en nivells superiors d&#8217;organitzaci\u00f3. Hi ha moltes variables, com ara la densitat, o fins i tot les patologies que pot patir un subjecte, que afecten el comportament cel\u00b7lular a nivell de mesoescala, \u00e9s a dir, a m\u00e9s llarg termini, a una escala m\u00e9s sist\u00e8mica que la dels components individuals d&#8217;un organisme.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":63558,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1143],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-63567","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-xavier-trepat-ca"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>L&#039;enfocament ascendent \u00e9s suficient per entendre tot un sistema? - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/lenfocament-ascendent-es-suficient-per-entendre-tot-un-sistema\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L&#039;enfocament ascendent \u00e9s suficient per entendre tot un sistema? - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El responsable del grup de l\u2019IBEC, Xavier Trepat, ha publicat un article d&#039;opini\u00f3 a la secci\u00f3 News and Views (Not\u00edcies i Opini\u00f3) del darrer n\u00famero de la revista Nature, dedicat a la \u00abBiologia ascendent\u00bb.   En el seu article \u00abBottom does not explain top\u00bb (\u00abEl nivell inferior no explica el nivell superior\u00bb), Xavier argumenta que entendre com es construeixen les estructures biol\u00f2giques complexes \u2014o fins i tot les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules com un tot\u2014, nom\u00e9s aporta una certa idea de com funcionen els sistemes biol\u00f2gics en nivells superiors d&#039;organitzaci\u00f3. Hi ha moltes variables, com ara la densitat, o fins i tot les patologies que pot patir un subjecte, que afecten el comportament cel\u00b7lular a nivell de mesoescala, \u00e9s a dir, a m\u00e9s llarg termini, a una escala m\u00e9s sist\u00e8mica que la dels components individuals d&#039;un organisme.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/lenfocament-ascendent-es-suficient-per-entendre-tot-un-sistema\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-11-27T08:45:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-06-15T09:40:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"535\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrit per\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Temps estimat de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minuts\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/lenfocament-ascendent-es-suficient-per-entendre-tot-un-sistema\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/lenfocament-ascendent-es-suficient-per-entendre-tot-un-sistema\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c212c6b589546130be67986b9290e2b8\"},\"headline\":\"L&#8217;enfocament ascendent \u00e9s suficient per entendre tot un sistema?\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-11-27T08:45:42+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-06-15T09:40:37+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/lenfocament-ascendent-es-suficient-per-entendre-tot-un-sistema\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":328,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/lenfocament-ascendent-es-suficient-per-entendre-tot-un-sistema\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/11\\\/bottomup.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Xavier Trepat\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Not\u00edcies de recerca\"],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/lenfocament-ascendent-es-suficient-per-entendre-tot-un-sistema\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/ca\\\/lenfocament-ascendent-es-suficient-per-entendre-tot-un-sistema\\\/\",\"name\":\"L'enfocament ascendent \u00e9s suficient per entendre tot un sistema? 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