{"id":76163,"date":"2020-07-28T10:00:52","date_gmt":"2020-07-28T08:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=76163"},"modified":"2020-07-28T10:39:30","modified_gmt":"2020-07-28T08:39:30","slug":"identificat-un-mecanisme-que-explica-la-recurrencia-de-moltes-infeccions-pulmonars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/identificat-un-mecanisme-que-explica-la-recurrencia-de-moltes-infeccions-pulmonars\/","title":{"rendered":"Identificat un mecanisme que explica la recurr\u00e8ncia de moltes infeccions pulmonars"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"El bacteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/em> disposa d\u2019una gran plasticitat gen\u00f2mica que li permet adaptar-se a viure en entorns molt variats, provocant infeccions en diferents \u00f2rgans. Entre ells, els pulmons, als quals afecta especialment tant en forma de pneum\u00f2nia aguda com cr\u00f2nica. La cronificitat, entre altres factors, es relaciona, a m\u00e9s, amb la seva capacitat per introduir-se a les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules epitelials pulmonars i amagar-s\u2019hi a dins, evitant el sistema immunol\u00f2gic dels pacients i quedant-se latent, esperant les condicions id\u00f2nies per tornar a infectar al pacient.<\/p>\n

Ara, un estudi liderat pel Dr. Eduard Torrents, investigador principal de l’IBEC i professor de la Universitat de Barcelona al Departament de Gen\u00e8tica, Microbiologia i Estad\u00edstica, i la Dra. Maria de la Mar Cendra, tamb\u00e9 investigadora de l’IBEC, han trobat variacions en la capacitat de dur a terme de manera efectiva la invasi\u00f3 intracel\u00b7lular entre diferents soques del bacteri. “Hem detectat difer\u00e8ncies en la persist\u00e8ncia dins de la c\u00e8l\u00b7lula entre soques de laboratori i altres soques procedents d’esputs de malalts de fibrosi qu\u00edstica i tamb\u00e9 segons el tipus de c\u00e8l\u00b7lula epitelial infectada: alveolar, bronquial o afectada per la mutaci\u00f3 que es troba en els malalts amb fibrosi qu\u00edstica”, explica el Dr. Torrents.<\/p>\n

Les soques cl\u00edniques de P. aeruginosa<\/em> utilitzades en l’estudi de l’IBEC van tenir una major capacitat d\u2019invasi\u00f3 i persist\u00e8ncia que les de soques de laboratori. Aquestes difer\u00e8ncies indiquen que les soques de laboratori no resulten bons models per replicar les infeccions bacterianes in vivo<\/em>. “Els bacteris s\u00f3n molt vers\u00e0tils i s’adapten molt r\u00e0pidament a l’ambient. Per tant, \u00e9s molt important utilitzar les soques adequades per estudiar fenotips concrets. Si no, els resultats podrien ser no extrapolables. Cada vegada hi ha m\u00e9s estudis que utilitzen soques cl\u00edniques per estudiar models infectius”.<\/p>\n

Amb aquest treball, publicat a la prestigiosa revista m\u00e8dica Virulence<\/em>, els investigadors han identificat, a m\u00e9s, un mecanisme que permetria entendre per qu\u00e8 unes soques tenen una major capacitat de sobreviure intracel\u00b7lularment que d’altres. El Dr. Torrents comenta: “Hem detectat que l’enzim ribonucle\u00f2tid reductasa (RNR) de classe II est\u00e0 altament expressada en aquestes condicions de persist\u00e8ncia. Per tant, t\u00e9 un paper cr\u00edtic en el manteniment de la viabilitat de P. aeruginosa<\/em> durant el seu per\u00edode intracel\u00b7lular”. Aquest enzim proporciona al bacteri els desoxiribonucle\u00f2tids necessaris per poder replicar-se i sobreviure dins de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules epitelials pulmonars, causant les reinfeccions que agreugen, per exemple, malalties com la fibrosi qu\u00edstica o malaltia obstructiva cr\u00f2nica (MPOC).<\/p>\n

Aquest descobriment podria ajudar a desenvolupar medicaments per evitar les recurr\u00e8ncies en infeccions pulmonars. “Un f\u00e0rmac contra aquesta nova diana antimicrobiana, la RNR de classe II, podria ser \u00fatil per inhibir al bacteri durant la seva persist\u00e8ncia intracel\u00b7lular”, explica el Dr. Torrents. “A m\u00e9s, com els humans no tenim aquest enzim, seria una ter\u00e0pia molt selectiva, lo qual \u00e9s molt bo”.<\/p>\n

D’altra banda, aquest enfocament terap\u00e8utic podria servir per a infeccions causades per P. aeruginosa<\/em> en altres \u00f2rgans: “Recentment al nostre laboratori hem vist que la RNR de classe II est\u00e0 molt expressada durant la formaci\u00f3 de biofilms. Aix\u00f2 ens porta a pensar que podria no estar restringida a les infeccions pulmonars causades per aquest bacteri quan infecta intracel\u00b7lularment”.<\/p>\n

Queda encara per saber si un hipot\u00e8tic f\u00e0rmac contra l’enzim podria servir per lluitar contra altres infeccions intracel\u00b7lulars. “El m\u00f3n de les RNR \u00e9s molt complex, no tots els bacteris expressen les mateixes RNR i les que ho fan solen variar molt en seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia i estructura. Depenent del mecanisme d’acci\u00f3 dels f\u00e0rmacs i de si el bacteri en q\u00fcesti\u00f3 comparteix l’expressi\u00f3 d’aquest RNR, potser seria possible el desenvolupament de ter\u00e0pies contra altres pat\u00f2gens”, conclou el Dr. Torrents.<\/p>\n

\n

Article de refer\u00e8ncia:<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span>Maria del Mar Cendra i Eduard Torrents. “<\/span>Differential\u00a0adaptability\u00a0between\u00a0reference\u00a0strains\u00a0and\u00a0clinical\u00a0isolates\u00a0of\u00a0Pseudomonas\u00a0aeruginosa\u00a0into\u00a0the\u00a0lung\u00a0epithelium\u00a0intracellular\u00a0lifestyle\u201d.\u00a0Virulence, 2020<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Per a\u00a0m\u00e9s\u00a0informaci\u00f3\u00a0i\u00a0petici\u00f3\u00a0d’entrevista\u00a0amb\u00a0els\u00a0investigadors,\u00a0adreceu-vos si\u00a0us\u00a0plau\u00a0a:\u00a0<\/span><\/b>alopez@ibecbarcelona.eu<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un equip d’investigadors de l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) descobreix que les soques del bacteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/em> a\u00efllades a partir dels pacients s\u00f3n m\u00e9s persistents que les soques de laboratori i proposa un mecanisme molecular per explicar la superviv\u00e8ncia intracel\u00b7lular.<\/h3>\n

L’estudi publicat a la revista Virulence<\/em>, descobreix que l’enzim ribonucle\u00f2tid reductasa (RNR) de classe II juga un paper clau a les freq\u00fcents reinfeccions pulmonars que es donen, per exemple, en els pacients amb fibrosi qu\u00edstica. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":72534,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1141],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-76163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-eduard-torrents-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nIdentificat un mecanisme que explica la recurr\u00e8ncia de moltes infeccions pulmonars - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/identificat-un-mecanisme-que-explica-la-recurrencia-de-moltes-infeccions-pulmonars\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Identificat un mecanisme que explica la recurr\u00e8ncia de moltes infeccions pulmonars - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un equip d'investigadors de l'Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) descobreix que les soques del bacteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa a\u00efllades a partir dels pacients s\u00f3n m\u00e9s persistents que les soques de laboratori i proposa un mecanisme molecular per explicar la superviv\u00e8ncia intracel\u00b7lular. 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