{"id":78093,"date":"2020-10-13T12:22:27","date_gmt":"2020-10-13T10:22:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=78093"},"modified":"2020-10-14T07:31:26","modified_gmt":"2020-10-14T05:31:26","slug":"el-control-de-la-velocitat-dels-motors-enzimatics-apropa-lus-de-nanorobots-a-la-seva-ocupacio-en-la-nanomedicina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/el-control-de-la-velocitat-dels-motors-enzimatics-apropa-lus-de-nanorobots-a-la-seva-ocupacio-en-la-nanomedicina\/","title":{"rendered":"El control de la velocitat dels motors enzim\u00e0tics apropa l\u2019\u00fas de nanorobots a la seva aplicaci\u00f3 en nanomedicina"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
Fig. 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
Fig. 1. a) Seguiment de la traject\u00f2ria del nanomotor enzim\u00e0tic preparat amb la lipasa en la conformaci\u00f3 tancada i immobilitzada sense orientaci\u00f3 controlada sobre la superf\u00edcie de la nanopart\u00edcula de s\u00edlice; b) Seguiment de la traject\u00f2ria del nanomotor enzim\u00e0tic preparat amb la lipasa en conformaci\u00f3 oberta i immobilitzada amb orientaci\u00f3 controlada sobre la superf\u00edcie de la nanopart\u00edcula de s\u00edlice. La foto interna representa imatge dels nanomotors visualitzats per microsc\u00f2pia electr\u00f2nica d\u2019escombrat (SEM). Font: Enzyme Conformation Influences the Performance of Lipase-powered Nanomotors.\u202fAngewandte Chemie<\/a> International Edition.<\/h5>\n

 <\/p>\n

Un estudi coordinat per Marco Filice, de la Universitat de Microsc\u00f2pia i Imatge Din\u00e0mica del CNIC pertinent a la ICTS ReDIB i investigador del Departament de Qu\u00edmica en Ci\u00e8ncies Farmac\u00e8utiques, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia de la UCM, i pel Professor d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 ICREA Samuel S\u00e1nchez de l\u2019IBEC, ha estat publicat a la revista Angewandte Chemie International Edition. L\u00b4estudi proporciona una eina de modulaci\u00f3 dels motors alimentats amb enzims, ampliant aix\u00ed les seves possibles aplicacions tant en l\u2019\u00e0mbit biom\u00e8dic com en el ambiental.<\/p>\n

Inspirats per com els microorganismes poden nadar en mitjans complexos, respondre a l\u2019entorn i organitzar-se aut\u00f2nomament, en les \u00faltimes dues d\u00e8cades, els cient\u00edfics han aconseguit replicar de forma artificial aquests petits nedadors des de l\u2019escala macro-micro fins a l\u2019escala nanom\u00e8trica, trobant fins i tot nombroses aplicacions com la remediaci\u00f3 ambiental i la biomedicina.<\/p>\n

De fet, senyala Samuel S\u00e1nchez, a causa de les seves singulars caracter\u00edstiques (rapidesa de moviment, gran capacitat de carca i facilitat de funcionalitzaci\u00f3 de la superf\u00edcie), \u201cels recents avan\u00e7os en la investigaci\u00f3 en aquest camp han convertit els micro\/nanomotors en instruments prometedors per a solucionar molts problemes biom\u00e8dics. Per\u00f2, un dels elements clau per a la correcta aplicaci\u00f3 d\u2019aquests nanorrobots resideix en la correcta elecci\u00f3 del \u2018motor\u2019 que propulsa aquests nanorrobots\u201d, explica aquest investigador.<\/p>\n

Per a aix\u00f2, el grup de l\u2019IBEC ha sigut pioner des de fa 5 anys en l\u2019\u00fas d\u2019enzims per generar la for\u00e7a de propulsi\u00f3 dels nanomotors. Des de llavors, comenta S\u00e1nchez, \u201cels nanomotors bio-catal\u00edtics \u2013 basats en la conversi\u00f3 d\u2019energia qu\u00edmica en la for\u00e7a mec\u00e0nica utilitzant agents biol\u00f2gics com els enzims- han despertat molt inter\u00e8s sent la ureasa, catalasa o glucosa oxidasa de les m\u00e9s utilitzades.<\/p>\n

Tot i aix\u00f2, malgrat els aven\u00e7os aconseguits, encara queden alguns aspectes fonamentals per aclarir, per exemple, com pot el mecanisme enzim\u00e0tic influir sobre el moviment i com poder controlar aquests mecanismes segons les diferents necessitats.<\/p>\n

Per contestar a aquesta pregunta, les lipases -de les quals la manipulaci\u00f3 estructural i immobilitzaci\u00f3 orientada sobre la superf\u00edcie de diferents nanomaterials representa una de les \u00e0rees on el grup CNIC \u00e9s expert- s\u00f3n un model excel\u00b7lent per a aquest estudi a causa del seu peculiar mecanisme catal\u00edtic que comporta grans canvis conformacionals entre una configuraci\u00f3 oberta\/activa i una tancada\/inactiva.<\/p>\n

Per tant, assegura Marco Filice, \u201ca la nostra investigaci\u00f3 hem estudiat l\u2019efecte de la modulaci\u00f3 de l\u2019activitat catal\u00edtica d\u2019una lipasa com a element propulsor d\u2019una nanopart\u00edcula de s\u00edlice\u201d.<\/p>\n

A m\u00e9s dels canvis de la conformaci\u00f3 tridimensional de l\u2019enzim, un altre element fonamental que s\u2019ha investigat \u00e9s com una orientaci\u00f3 controlada de l\u2019enzim durant la seva immobilitzaci\u00f3 sobre la superf\u00edcie del nanomotor afecta la cat\u00e0lisi, i, per tant, a la propulsi\u00f3 dels nanorrobots.<\/p>\n

Els investigadors expliquen que el desenvolupament experimental s\u2019ha basat en la modificaci\u00f3 qu\u00edmica selectiva de la superf\u00edcie de nanopart\u00edcules de s\u00edlice per a generar de manera espec\u00edfica tres situacions molt diferents i que promogueren orientacions i conformacions diferents de la lipasa durant la seva immobilitzaci\u00f3: 1) configuraci\u00f3 oberta i orientaci\u00f3 controlada, 2) configuraci\u00f3 tancada i orientaci\u00f3 casual i 3) situaci\u00f3 entremitjos entre 1 i 2.<\/p>\n

Aquest equip va analitzar els tres tipus de nanorrobots per t\u00e8cniques espectrosc\u00f2piques, an\u00e0lisi de diversos par\u00e0metres catal\u00edtics mitjan\u00e7ant avaluaci\u00f3 de l\u2019activitat enzim\u00e0tica, simulacions per Din\u00e0mica Molecular (realitzades per l\u2019equip de la Prof. Silvia Osuna (UdG)) i a trav\u00e9s del seguiment directe de les traject\u00f2ries de cada nanomotor per t\u00e8cnica de microsc\u00f2pia. \u201cEls resultats han demostrat com l\u2019adquisici\u00f3 de la conformaci\u00f3 oberta de l\u2019enzim juntament amb la seva immobilitzaci\u00f3 orientada s\u00f3n par\u00e0metres cr\u00edtics per aconseguir el control i la modulaci\u00f3 de la propulsi\u00f3\u201d, afegeixen els autors de l\u2019article.<\/p>\n

Article de refer\u00e8ncia: <\/strong>Wang, L., Marciello, M., Est\u00e9vez-Gay, M., Soto Rodriguez, P. E. D., Luengo Morato, Y., Iglesias-Fern\u00e1ndez, J., Huang, X., Osuna, S., Filice, M., S\u00e1nchez, S<\/strong>. (2020).\u202fEnzyme Conformation Influences the Performance of Lipase-powered Nanomotors.\u202fAngewandte Chemie<\/a><\/em> International Edition. doi:10.1002\/anie.202008339<\/p>\n

Per a m\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 o sol\u00b7licitar entrevistes:<\/strong>
\n\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez<\/strong>: Coordinadora de Mitjans a l\u2019IBEC:\u202falopez@ibecbarcelona.eu<\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un treball del Centre Nacional d\u2019Investigacions Cardiovasculars (CNIC), la Universitat Complutense de Madrid (UCM), la Universitat de Girona (UdG) i l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), i altres centres internacionals, resol un dels aspectes fonamentals per a l\u2019\u00fas correcte dels nanorrobots basats en lipases.<\/h3>\n

Es tracta d’un enzim que s\u2019usa en l\u2019organisme per disgregar els greixos dels aliments de manera que es puguin absorbir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":78083,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1284,1140],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-78093","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-cnic-ca","tag-samuel-sanchez-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nEl control de la velocitat dels motors enzim\u00e0tics apropa l\u2019\u00fas de nanorobots a la seva aplicaci\u00f3 en nanomedicina - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/el-control-de-la-velocitat-dels-motors-enzimatics-apropa-lus-de-nanorobots-a-la-seva-ocupacio-en-la-nanomedicina\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El control de la velocitat dels motors enzim\u00e0tics apropa l\u2019\u00fas de nanorobots a la seva aplicaci\u00f3 en nanomedicina - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un treball del Centre Nacional d\u2019Investigacions Cardiovasculars (CNIC), la Universitat Complutense de Madrid (UCM), la Universitat de Girona (UdG) i l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), i altres centres internacionals, resol un dels aspectes fonamentals per a l\u2019\u00fas correcte dels nanorrobots basats en lipases. 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