{"id":7928,"date":"2013-11-27T10:41:00","date_gmt":"2013-11-27T10:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/new\/resistencia-als-antibiotics-un-problema-devastador-de-salut-publica\/"},"modified":"2015-01-08T09:54:23","modified_gmt":"2015-01-08T09:54:23","slug":"resistencia-als-antibiotics-un-problema-devastador-de-salut-publica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/resistencia-als-antibiotics-un-problema-devastador-de-salut-publica\/","title":{"rendered":"Resist\u00e8ncia als antibi\u00f2tics: Un problema \u201cdevastador\u201d de salut p\u00fablica"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"caption\" style=\"width: 230px; float: left;\">Imatge: Fotografia amb microscopi electr\u00f2nic de rastreig, amb el color afegit, que mostra la <em>Salmonella Typhimurium<\/em> (Vermell) envaint c\u00e8l\u00b7lules humanes cultivades.\u00a0Imatge cedida per Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH<\/p>\n<p>Un equip de microbi\u00f2legs dirigit per Antonio Ju\u00e1rez de l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i els seus col\u2022laboradors de la Universitat de Barcelona (UB) revelen que un element gen\u00e8tic en particular \u2013 un pl\u00e0smid \u2013 que confereix resist\u00e8ncia a m\u00faltiples antibi\u00f2tics juga un paper important en la superviv\u00e8ncia de Salmonella, la causant de la febre tifoide en humans. L\u2019ADN d\u2019aquest pl\u00e0smid pot modificar diverses caracter\u00edstiques de la bact\u00e8ria pat\u00f2gena, de manera que podria ser una nova diana terap\u00e8utica per frenar o detenir l\u2019elevada resist\u00e8ncia als antibi\u00f2tics.<\/p>\n<p>La resist\u00e8ncia als antibi\u00f2tics ha estat declarada recentment per l\u2019Organitzaci\u00f3 Mundial de la Salut (OMS) com \u201cuna de les majors amenaces actuals contra la salut humana\u201d, i els experts temen que cada vegada estigui m\u00e9s a prop el dia en el que algunes de les infeccions quotidianes siguin intractables, fent que els procediments rutinaris (com per exemple, les operacions de pr\u00f2tesis de maluc), siguin cada vegada m\u00e9s arriscats. No nom\u00e9s les infeccions o malalties comunes s\u2019han tornat resistents als antibi\u00f2tics amb les que se les tracta normalment, un problema m\u00e8dic molt urgent \u00e9s el r\u00e0pid increment de \u201csuperbact\u00e8ries\u201d o bact\u00e8ries resistents a m\u00faltiples f\u00e0rmacs, que s\u00f3n immunes a quasi tots els antibi\u00f2tics dels que es disposa actualment. Aix\u00f2 significa que alguns procediments cl\u00ednics com els transplantaments d\u2019\u00f2rgans, la quimioter\u00e0pia o la cura de nadons prematurs, poden arribar a ser passa perillosos de dur a terme, segut als pat\u00f2gens altament resistents que poden proliferar als hospitals. Efectivament, aix\u00f2 podria significar \u201cla fi de la medicina moderna\u201d, utilitzant les paraules de la OMS.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHem arribat a un punt en el que s\u2019ha de trobar la manera de revertir la resist\u00e8ncia de les bact\u00e8ries als antibi\u00f2tics ja que, cada cop m\u00e9s, els nostres medicaments s\u00f3n in\u00fatils contra algunes infeccions i les malalties m\u00e9s comunes i mortals\u201d, diu l\u2019Antonio Ju\u00e1rez. \u201cA l\u2019IBEC, tenim equips que estan treballant en diferents direccions per superar la resist\u00e8ncia bacteriana: o b\u00e9 desenvolupant nous f\u00e0rmacs contra noves dianes, o b\u00e9 interferint en aquells pl\u00e0smids que confereixen la resist\u00e8ncia contra antibi\u00f2tics ja existents. Aquestes s\u00f3n dues estrategues que poden ajudar a superar la resist\u00e8ncia bacteriana als antibi\u00f2tics, per\u00f2 ambdues requereixen el seu temps.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>El grup de Ter\u00e0pies Antimicrobianes de l\u2019IBEC, dirigit per l\u2019Eduart Torrents, explora l\u2019\u00fas de diferents m\u00e8todes de bioenginyeria per trobar noves maneres d\u2019eradicar les bact\u00e8ries resistents a m\u00faltiples f\u00e0rmacs, segueix una estrat\u00e8gia complement\u00e0ria a la d\u2019Antonio, per\u00f2 en lloc de tractar de fer front als pl\u00e0smids que estan provocant la resist\u00e8ncia als antibi\u00f2tics actuals, intenten desenvolupar nous medicaments contra noves dianes. Tamb\u00e9 estan utilitzant processos nanotecnol\u00f2gics per a l\u2019alliberament controlat d\u2019antibi\u00f2tics i, d\u2019aquesta manera, millorar l\u2019efici\u00e8ncia terap\u00e8utica i minimitzar els efectes secundaris. Com va explicar l\u2019Eduard, \u201cL\u2019aparici\u00f3 i l\u2019augment de la prevalen\u00e7a de soques bacterianes que s\u00f3n resistents als antibi\u00f2tics disponibles exigeixen el descobriment de nous enfocs terap\u00e8utics.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Hi ha altres investigadors de l\u2019IBEC involucrats en la lluita contra la resist\u00e8ncia als antibi\u00f2tics. TheraEDGE, un projecte Europeu liderat per una empresa catalana en la que participa el grup de Nanobioenginyeria, dirigit pel Professor Josep Samitier (tamb\u00e9 Director de l\u2019institut), est\u00e0 focalitzat cap a la cerca de solucions per al diagn\u00f2stic preco\u00e7 i el tractament efica\u00e7 de les infeccions del tracte respiratori distingint entre infeccions virals i bacterianes, eliminant les incerteses de diagn\u00f2stic i recomanant l\u2019\u00fas correcte dels antibi\u00f2tics. D\u2019aquesta manera, el projecte t\u00e9 com a objectiu ajudar a reduir el creixement de la resist\u00e8ncia als antibi\u00f2tics en malalties com la bronquitis o la pneum\u00f2nia.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Article de Refer\u00e8ncia:<\/strong> Paytubi S, Aznar S, Madrid C, Balsalobre C, Dillon SC, Dorman CJ, Ju\u00e1rez A. (2013). \u201cA novel role for antibiotic resistance plasmids in facilitating Salmonella adaptation to non-host environments.\u201d Environ Microbiol., 2013 Aug 19. doi: 10.1111\/1462-2920.12244<\/p>\n<p> <\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"left size-full wp-image-7924 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/salmonella340x210.jpg\" border=\"0\" width=\"340\" height=\"210\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/salmonella340x210.jpg 340w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/salmonella340x210-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/salmonella340x210-242x150.jpg 242w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/11\/salmonella340x210-150x92.jpg 150w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 340px) 100vw, 340px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 340px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 340\/210;\" \/>El recent treball d\u2019un investigador publicat a la revista Environmental Microbiology, es un pas en la direcci\u00f3 correcte per fer front a un problema de salut p\u00fablica, que ell i altres experts, consideren que aviat podria ser devastador.<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":7924,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-7928","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Resist\u00e8ncia 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