{"id":8079,"date":"2014-03-07T08:04:29","date_gmt":"2014-03-07T08:04:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/new\/investigadors-creen-la-primera-melsa-en-un-xip-humana-funcional-del-mon\/"},"modified":"2015-08-24T11:53:46","modified_gmt":"2015-08-24T11:53:46","slug":"investigadors-creen-la-primera-melsa-en-un-xip-humana-funcional-del-mon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/investigadors-creen-la-primera-melsa-en-un-xip-humana-funcional-del-mon\/","title":{"rendered":"Investigadors creen la primera ‘melsa-en-un-xip’ humana funcional del m\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

La idea original de crear una melsa-en-un-xip va sorgir dels grups del Dr. Hernando A. del Portillo, Professor ICREA del CRESIB, centre d’investigaci\u00f3 d’ISGlobal, qui estudia fa diversos anys el paper de la melsa en la mal\u00e0ria i del Dr. Josep Samitier, director de l’IBEC i catedr\u00e0tic de la Universitat de Barcelona, qui estudia les propietats reol\u00f2giques de la sang, incloses la parasitada per mal\u00e0ria, per desenvolupar sistemes de diagn\u00f2stic. \u201cA causa de les limitacions \u00e8tiques i tecnol\u00f2giques d’estudiar la melsa humana, coneguda com la “caixa negra” de la cavitat abdominal, hi ha hagut molt pocs aven\u00e7os en el seu estudi\u201d, explica del Portillo. Per trencar aquesta barrera es va iniciar una col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 per desenvolupar un model de la melsa humana- en-un- xip mitjan\u00e7ant un projecte EXPLORA.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEl sistema flu\u00eddic de la melsa \u00e9s molt complex i est\u00e0 adaptat evolutivament per filtrar i destruir selectivament gl\u00f2buls vermells vells, micro-organismes i gl\u00f2buls vermells parasitats per mal\u00e0ria\u201d, explica el Dr. Antoni Homs, investigador de l’IBEC i coautor de l’estudi publicat. \u201cLa melsa filtra la sang mitjan\u00e7ant un m\u00e8tode \u00fanic, fent-la ‘micro-circular’ a trav\u00e9s de llits de filtraci\u00f3 formats per la polpa vermella de la melsa en un compartiment especial on l’hemat\u00f2crit (el percentatge de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules vermelles de la sang) es veu augmentat. De manera que els macr\u00f2fags especialitzats poden recon\u00e8ixer i destruir gl\u00f2buls vermells malalts\u201d. A m\u00e9s, la sang en aquest compartiment nom\u00e9s pot viatjar en un \u00fanic sentit a trav\u00e9s de ranures interendotelials abans d’arribar al sistema circulatori, el que representa un rigor\u00f3s segon test per assegurar l’eliminaci\u00f3 de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules velles o malaltes.<\/p>\n

Els investigadors d’aquests dos centres, pertanyents a la xarxa de centres CERCA, han imitat aquestes dues condicions de control en la seva plataforma de mida micro per simular la microcirculaci\u00f3 de la sang a trav\u00e9s de dos canals principals (un lent i un r\u00e0pid) dissenyats per dividir el flux. Al canal ‘lent’ la sang flueix a trav\u00e9s d’una matriu de pilars simulant l’ambient real on l’hemat\u00f2crit augmenta i la sang “malalta” \u00e9s destru\u00efda. El dispositiu ja s’ha provat amb gl\u00f2buls vermells humans sans i en infectats per mal\u00e0ria, treball realitzat majorit\u00e0riament pels investigadors predoctorals Luis G. Rigat-Brugarolas (IBEC) i Aleix Elizalde-Torrent (CRESIB\/ISGlobal), coautors tamb\u00e9 d’aquest treball. “El nostre dispositiu facilitar\u00e0 l’estudi de la funci\u00f3 de la melsa en mal\u00e0ria, i fins i tot podria proporcionar una plataforma flexible per a la detecci\u00f3 de possibles f\u00e0rmacs contra aquesta i altres malalties hematol\u00f2giques\u201d, diu del Portillo.<\/p>\n

\u201cLa investigaci\u00f3 en \u00f2rgans-en-un-xip integrant micro-flu\u00eddica amb sistema cel\u00b7lulars encara est\u00e0 donant els seus primers passos, per\u00f2 ofereix enormes perspectives cap al futur dels assajos de f\u00e0rmacs per a diferents patologies\u201d, especifica Samitier. Aquests dispositius en 3D, que imiten les interrelacions teixit-teixit i els microambients \u00fanicament vistos en els \u00f2rgans vius, permet una nova percepci\u00f3 de les malalties que no es pot obtenir f\u00e0cilment amb els estudis convencionals amb animals, que s\u00f3n costosos i consumeixen molt de temps. A m\u00e9s, cedeix el pas als resultats relacionats amb humans que els models animals no poden predir.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Article de referencia: <\/strong>Rigat Brugarolas, L. G., Elizalde Torrent, A., Bernabeu, M., de Niz, M., Martin Jaular, L., Fernandez Becerra, C., Homs Corbera, A., Samitier, J. & del Portillo, H. A. (2014). Functional microengineered model of the human splenon-on-a-chip.<\/a> Lab Chip, 14, 1715-1724<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Per veure un video de la melsa-en-un-xip en funcionament aneu a http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=aLuCxj5ojtc<\/a><\/p>\n

Entrevistes amb el Dr. Hernando A. del Portillo i el Dr. Josep Samitier:
\nhttps:\/\/vimeo.com\/89099222<\/a> (versi\u00f3 curta)
\nhttps:\/\/vimeo.com\/89093532<\/a> (versi\u00f3 llarga)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Investigadors Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i del CRESIB, centre d’investigaci\u00f3 d’ISGlobal han realitzat un gran avan\u00e7 en l’\u00e0mbit de la microenginyeria d’\u00f2rgans-en-un- xip.<\/h3>\n

Els cient\u00edfics d’aquests dos instituts han elaborat per primera vegada un model funcional de melsa en 3D capa\u00e7 d’actuar com aquest \u00f2rgan; filtrar els gl\u00f2buls vermells de la sang. Ho han aconseguit recreant a microescala les propietats f\u00edsiques i les forces hidrodin\u00e0miques de la unitat funcional de la polpa vermella de la melsa. Aquest dispositiu pot servir per detectar possibles f\u00e0rmacs contra la mal\u00e0ria i altres malalties hematol\u00f2giques. Aquest estudi ha estat publicat a Lab on a Chip<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":10579,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-8079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca"],"yoast_head":"\nInvestigadors creen la primera 'melsa-en-un-xip' humana funcional del m\u00f3n - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/investigadors-creen-la-primera-melsa-en-un-xip-humana-funcional-del-mon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Investigadors creen la primera 'melsa-en-un-xip' humana funcional del m\u00f3n - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Investigadors Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i del CRESIB, centre d'investigaci\u00f3 d'ISGlobal han realitzat un gran avan\u00e7 en l'\u00e0mbit de la microenginyeria d'\u00f2rgans-en-un- xip. 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