{"id":81028,"date":"2021-01-22T10:04:46","date_gmt":"2021-01-22T09:04:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=81028"},"modified":"2021-01-22T10:25:29","modified_gmt":"2021-01-22T09:25:29","slug":"investigadors-desenvolupen-micromotors-impulsats-per-enzims-basats-en-materials-organo-metal%c2%b7lics-porosos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/investigadors-desenvolupen-micromotors-impulsats-per-enzims-basats-en-materials-organo-metal%c2%b7lics-porosos\/","title":{"rendered":"Investigadors desenvolupen micromotors impulsats per enzims basats en materials organo-met\u00e0l\u00b7lics porosos"},"content":{"rendered":"

Aquests nous micromotors podrien conduir a aplicacions per al subministrament de medicaments i l’adsorci\u00f3 de contaminants. El treball va ser co-dirigit per investigadors de l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya<\/a> (IBEC) i cient\u00edfics de l’Institut Catal\u00e0 de Nanoci\u00e8ncia i Nanotecnologia (ICN2).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Imatge: <\/span>micromotors porosos que funcionen a base d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>enzims constru\u00efts a partir d’un suport <\/span>organo-<\/span>met\u00e0l\u00b7lic<\/span> amb estructura jer\u00e0rquica de micro- i <\/span>mesopors<\/span>. <\/span>Font:\u00a0<\/span> Journal<\/span><\/i> of <\/span><\/i>the<\/span><\/i> American <\/span><\/i>Chemical<\/span><\/i> Society<\/span><\/i><\/a>.<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n

Els micromotors s\u00f3n vehicles en miniatura <\/span>que<\/span> s’espera que revolucionin els camps de la biomedicina i <\/span>d<\/span>el control de qualitat<\/span> i<\/span> de<\/span> la <\/span>reme<\/span>di<\/span>aci\u00f3<\/span> ambiental<\/span>s<\/span>. Actualment s’estan explorant una s\u00e8rie d’aplicacions prometedores per a aquests petits dispositius, que es caracteritzen per la seva capacitat <\/span>d’autopropulsar<\/span>-se<\/span>. Des del lliurament selectiu de <\/span>medicaments<\/span> a dins del cos <\/span>a la microcirurgia i m\u00e9s, els micromotors <\/span>es poden <\/span>fins i tot utilitzar per netejar contaminants del medi ambient. Durant l’\u00faltima d\u00e8cada, els cient\u00edfics de tot el m\u00f3n han estat investigant diferents dissenys i materials <\/span>biocompatibles<\/span> per a <\/span>desenvolupar <\/span>micromotors segurs i eficients.<\/span><\/p>\n

En un article publicat recentment en el <\/span>Journal<\/span> of <\/span>the<\/span> American <\/span>Chemical<\/span> Society<\/span><\/a>, els investigadors descriuen com van construir micromotors de propulsi\u00f3 enzim\u00e0tica a partir de petits cristalls d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>estructura org<\/span>ano-<\/span>met\u00e0l\u00b7lic<\/span>a<\/span>. Els seus dispositius <\/span>innovadors<\/span> tenen porus de diferents mides que els permeten encapsular <\/span>\u201cm\u00e0quines\u201d enzim\u00e0tiques <\/span>en els <\/span>mes<\/span>oporus<\/span>, aix\u00ed com altres subst\u00e0ncies diana m\u00e9s petites en <\/span>els<\/span> micropor<\/span>u<\/span>s<\/span>, com contaminants ambientals. <\/span>Aquest estudi va ser <\/span>co<\/span>-liderat per la Dra. <\/span>Tania <\/span>Pati\u00f1o<\/span> (<\/span>Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya<\/span><\/a> i Universitat de Roma) i<\/span> pel Dr.\u00a0<\/span> Vincent <\/span>Guillerm<\/span> (<\/span>Institut Catal\u00e0 de <\/span>Nanoci\u00e8ncia<\/span> i <\/span>Nanotecnologia<\/span><\/a>, ICN2 i KAUST) en el marc d’un <\/span>projecte BIST <\/span>Ignite<\/span><\/a>. <\/span>El treball v<\/span>a<\/span> ser <\/span>realitzat<\/span> en col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 amb<\/span> el Dr. <\/span>Samuel S\u00e1nchez<\/span><\/a>,<\/span> professor d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 ICREA <\/span>i <\/span>cap<\/span> del <\/span>Grup <\/span>Smart<\/span> Nano-Bio-<\/span>Devices<\/span><\/a> a l’IBEC,<\/span> els<\/span> investigadors Xavier Arqu\u00e9 (<\/span>co<\/span>-primer autor) i Pascal-Rafael <\/span>Blersch<\/span> d<\/span>e l<\/span>‘IBEC,<\/span> el professor d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>investigaci\u00f3 ICREA<\/span> Daniel <\/span>Maspoch<\/span>, <\/span>cap<\/span> del <\/span>grup <\/span>Supramolecul<\/span>ar<\/span> NanoChemistry<\/span> and<\/span> Materials<\/span><\/a> al <\/span>ICN2<\/span>, aix\u00ed com <\/span>Yunhui<\/span> Yang (<\/span>co<\/span>-primer autor), Dr.<\/span> Javier P\u00e9rez-Carvajal <\/span>i<\/span> Dr. <\/span>Inhar<\/span> Imaz <\/span>de l\u2019<\/span>ICN2.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

“Els <\/i>nostres<\/i> esfor\u00e7os<\/i> conjunts<\/i> per <\/i>combinar<\/i> coneixements<\/i> avan\u00e7ats<\/i> i<\/i> fonamentals<\/i> tant <\/i>en<\/i> el <\/i>disseny<\/i> de materials <\/i>porosos<\/i> com <\/i>en<\/i> micromotors <\/i>autopropulsats<\/i>, ha <\/i>perm\u00e8s<\/i> un pas <\/i>significatiu<\/i> cap a <\/i>aplicacions<\/i>“, <\/i>afirma<\/i> Vincent <\/i>Guillerm<\/i>.<\/i>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n

“Aquests<\/i> nous micromotors de <\/i>cristalls<\/i> d<\/i>\u2019estructura<\/i> org<\/i>ano-<\/i>met\u00e0l\u00b7lic<\/i>a<\/i> es <\/i>poden<\/i> carregar<\/i> amb<\/i> enzims<\/i> que <\/i>actuen<\/i> com a <\/i>motors<\/i>, <\/i>per\u00f2<\/i> tamb\u00e9<\/i> tenen<\/i> espai<\/i> lliure<\/i> de <\/i>c\u00e0rrega<\/i> que es <\/i>podria<\/i> utilitzar<\/i> per <\/i>a <\/i>subministrar<\/i> medicaments<\/i> o per <\/i>eliminar<\/i> contaminants de <\/i>l’<\/i>ambient<\/i>“, <\/i>explica<\/i> la Dra. <\/i>Tania <\/i>Pati\u00f1o<\/i>.<\/i>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Micromotors de propulsi\u00f3 enzim\u00e0tica basats en estructures organo-met\u00e0l\u00b7liques (MOFs)\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Per construir aquests nous micromotors, els investigadors d<\/span>e l\u2019<\/span>IBEC i <\/span>de <\/span>l\u2019<\/span>ICN2 van utilitzar un tipus de petites estructures <\/span>organo-met\u00e0l\u00b7liques <\/span>de cristall poroses<\/span> (<\/span>MOFs<\/span>)<\/span>. El fet que aquests <\/span>MOF<\/span>s<\/span> t<\/span>inguin<\/span> microporus<\/span> els fa particularment atractius com a xass\u00eds de micromotor<\/span>s<\/span>, ja que els porus poden actuar com a espai de c\u00e0rrega. No obstant aix\u00f2, qualsevol vehicle funcional tamb\u00e9 necessita espai per al motor. En aquest cas, es va utilitzar un proc\u00e9s conegut com a ozon<\/span>\u00f2<\/span>lisi per crear cavitats m\u00e9s grans en els cristalls: els <\/span>me<\/span>so<\/span>por<\/span>u<\/span>s<\/span> s\u00f3n prou amples perqu\u00e8 els “<\/span>motors<\/span>” enzim\u00e0tics s’ajustin a l’interior.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Aquests nous micromotors, anomenats “<\/span>MOFtors<\/span>” pels autors d’aquest treball, s\u00f3n impulsats per <\/span>l\u2019enzim<\/span> catalasa. El seu paper en els organismes \u00e9s convertir el per\u00f2xid d’hidrogen en aigua i gas d’oxigen. <\/span>Aix\u00ed doncs, <\/span>quan el per\u00f2xid d’hidrogen “<\/span>el combustible<\/span>” es va afegir als <\/span>MOFtors<\/span>, les bombolles d’oxigen creades per la reacci\u00f3 van ser expulsades dels porus, generant propulsi\u00f3. A m\u00e9s, aquests prototips van mostrar una alta efici\u00e8ncia de combustible. En altres paraules, nom\u00e9s necessitaven una petita quantitat de per\u00f2xid d’hidrogen per <\/span>autopropulsar-se<\/span>, la qual <\/span>cosa ofereix el benefici afegit de minimitzar la concentraci\u00f3 d’aquesta subst\u00e0ncia t\u00f2xica en aplicacions biol\u00f2giques i mediambientals.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\nhttps:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/ja0c11061_si_001.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n

Els MOFtors es poden utilitzar per a l’adsorci\u00f3 d’esp\u00e8cies addicionals<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n

Com que aquestes part\u00edcules tenen porus de diferents mides, tenen espai a<\/span>d<\/span>dicional de c\u00e0rrega lliure. Els investigadors van provar la seva capacitat <\/span>d\u2019a<\/span>d<\/span>sorbir<\/span> un contaminant de l’aigua, com petits aspiradors. El contaminant utilitzat, un tint conegut com a rodamina B, \u00e9s un contaminant d’aigua de les ind\u00fastries t\u00e8xtil, pl\u00e0stica i de tint. Quan els <\/span>MOFtors<\/span> van ser afegits a <\/span>l\u2019<\/span>aigua contaminada sense <\/span>el <\/span>combustible per\u00f2xid d’hidrogen, els seus porus van <\/span>a<\/span>d<\/span>sorbir <\/span>al voltant del 14,6% del tint. <\/span>D\u2019altr<\/span>a<\/span> banda<\/span>, quan es va afegir el per\u00f2xid d’hidrogen, els motors \u201cengegats\u201d van a<\/span>bsorbir<\/span> m\u00e9s del 50% del contaminant<\/span>,<\/span> ja que podien <\/span>autopropulsar<\/span>-se<\/span> a l’aigua. Aquest treball emfatitza l’alt potencial dels cristalls de MOF com a micromotors. Com assenyalen els autors, la forma cristal\u00b7lina i la mida del<\/span>s<\/span> porus es poden <\/span>adapta<\/span>r <\/span>a<\/span> una multitud d’aplicacions potencials per a aquests dispositius de nova generaci\u00f3.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Article de refer\u00e8ncia<\/i><\/strong>:<\/span><\/i><\/b> Yunhui<\/span> Yang, Xavier Arqu\u00e9, Tania <\/span>Pati\u00f1o<\/span>, Vincent <\/span>Guillerm<\/span>, Pascal-<\/span>Raphael<\/span> Blersch<\/span>, Javier P\u00e9rez-Carvajal, <\/span>Inhar<\/span> Imaz, Daniel <\/span>Maspoch<\/span>, <\/span>and<\/span> Samuel S\u00e1nchez. \u201c<\/span>Enzyme-Powered<\/span> Porous<\/span> Micromotors <\/span>Built<\/span> from<\/span> a <\/span>Hierarchical<\/span> Micro- <\/span>and<\/span> Mesoporous<\/span> UiO-Type<\/span> Metal<\/span>\u2013<\/span>Organic<\/span> Framework<\/span><\/a>\u201d (2020) <\/span>Journal<\/span><\/i> of <\/span><\/i>the<\/span><\/i> American <\/span><\/i>Chemical<\/span><\/i> Society<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

En un nou article publicat en la prestigiosa revista Journal of the American Chemical Society, els investigadors descriuen com van dissenyar i fabricar amb \u00e8xit micromotors enzim\u00e0tics propulsats per bombolles constru\u00efts a partir d’una estructura organo-met\u00e0l\u00b7lica altament porosa (MOF). <\/h3>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":81007,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1371,1140],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-81028","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-micromotors","tag-samuel-sanchez-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nInvestigadors desenvolupen micromotors impulsats per enzims basats en materials organo-met\u00e0l\u00b7lics porosos - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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