{"id":88568,"date":"2021-11-12T06:13:18","date_gmt":"2021-11-12T05:13:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=88568"},"modified":"2021-11-12T10:14:56","modified_gmt":"2021-11-12T09:14:56","slug":"aconsegueixen-recuperar-la-mobilitat-en-ratolins-amb-greus-lesions-medul%c2%b7lars-amb-una-injeccio-de-nanofibres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/aconsegueixen-recuperar-la-mobilitat-en-ratolins-amb-greus-lesions-medul%c2%b7lars-amb-una-injeccio-de-nanofibres\/","title":{"rendered":"Aconsegueixen recuperar la mobilitat en ratolins amb greus lesions medul\u00b7lars amb una injecci\u00f3 de nanofibres"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Investigadors liderats pel Professor Samuel Stupp, de la Universitat de Northwestern (EUA) i tamb\u00e9 Professor Distingit Severo Ochoa en l&#8217;IBEC, i amb participaci\u00f3 de Zaida \u00c1lvarez Pinto, actual investigadora del grup \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/biomaterials\">Biomaterials per a Ter\u00e0pies Regeneratives<\/a>\u201d a l&#8217;IBEC, han desenvolupat una nova ter\u00e0pia injectable que utilitza &#8220;mol\u00e8cules dansaires&#8221; per a revertir la par\u00e0lisi i reparar el teixit despr\u00e9s de lesions greus de la medul\u00b7la espinal.<\/p>\n<p>En un treball pioner realitzat en la Universitat de Northwestern, amb \u00c1lvarez Pinto com a primera autora, i publicat en la prestigiosa revista <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.abh3602\">Science<\/a>, els investigadors van administrar una sola injecci\u00f3 de nanofibres en la medul\u00b7la espinal de ratolins paralitzats. Nom\u00e9s quatre setmanes despr\u00e9s, els animals van recuperar la capacitat de caminar.<\/p>\n<p>Una vegada que la ter\u00e0pia realitza la seva funci\u00f3, els materials es biodegraden en 12 setmanes en nutrients per a les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules i despr\u00e9s desapareixen per complet del cos sense efectes secundaris notables. <strong>Aquest \u00e9s el primer estudi en el qual investigadors van controlar el moviment col\u00b7lectiu de mol\u00e8cules a trav\u00e9s de canvis en l&#8217;estructura qu\u00edmica de les nanofibres per a augmentar l&#8217;efic\u00e0cia terap\u00e8utica.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Severe spinal cord injuries repaired with &#039;dancing molecules&#039;\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Q_xvCE904YU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3><strong>L&#8217;esperan\u00e7a de vida no ha millorat des de 1980<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Segons el Centre Nacional d&#8217;Estad\u00edstiques de Lesions de la Medul\u00b7la Espinal, gaireb\u00e9 300.000 persones viuen actualment amb alguna mena de lesi\u00f3 de medul\u00b7la espinal als EUA. Menys del 3% de les que sofreixen lesions completes recuperen les funcions f\u00edsiques b\u00e0siques i prop del 30% s\u00f3n reingressats almenys una vegada, la qual cosa comporta a un cost molt elevat en atenci\u00f3 sanit\u00e0ria per a tota la vida. A m\u00e9s, l&#8217;esperan\u00e7a de vida es redueix significativament i no ha millorat des de la d\u00e8cada dels 80.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cActualment, no existeixen ter\u00e0pies que desencadenin la regeneraci\u00f3 de la medul\u00b7la espinal\u201d, segons Stupp, expert en medicina regenerativa i Director del Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology de la Universitat de Northwestern a Chicago. \u201cVolia enfocar el treball en les conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies d&#8217;una lesi\u00f3 de medul\u00b7la espinal i abordar aquest problema, donat el tremend impacte que podria tenir en la vida dels pacients. A m\u00e9s, una nova ci\u00e8ncia per a abordar la lesi\u00f3 de la medul\u00b7la espinal podria tenir un impacte en les estrat\u00e8gies per a tractar les malalties neurodegeneratives i els accidents cerebrovasculars\u201d.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>L\u2019objectiu de l\u2019estudi ha estat trobar una ter\u00e0pia que pugui evitar que les persones quedin paral\u00edtiques despr\u00e9s d\u2019un trauma o malaltia greu en la medul\u00b7la espinal. Durant d\u00e8cades, aix\u00f2 ha estat un gran desafiament per als cient\u00edfics perqu\u00e8 el sistema nervi\u00f3s central, que inclou el cervell i la medul\u00b7la espinal, no t\u00e9 cap capacitat significativa per a reparar-se despr\u00e9s d&#8217;una lesi\u00f3 o despr\u00e9s de l&#8217;inici d&#8217;una malaltia degenerativa.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-88507 alignleft lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Stupp-new-portrait-258x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"258\" height=\"300\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Stupp-new-portrait-258x300.jpg 258w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Stupp-new-portrait-879x1024.jpg 879w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Stupp-new-portrait-768x895.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Stupp-new-portrait-1319x1536.jpg 1319w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Stupp-new-portrait-1758x2048.jpg 1758w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Stupp-new-portrait-129x150.jpg 129w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 258px) 100vw, 258px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 258px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 258\/300;\" \/><\/p>\n<h4><em>&#8220;Anirem directament a l&#8217;Ag\u00e8ncia d&#8217;Administraci\u00f3 d&#8217;Aliments i Medicaments als EUA per a iniciar el proc\u00e9s d&#8217;aprovaci\u00f3 d&#8217;aquesta nova ter\u00e0pia per al seu \u00fas en pacients humans, que actualment tenen molt poques opcions de tractament &#8220;<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/h4>\n<h4><em>Samuel I. Stupp de Northwestern\/IBEC <\/em><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Les mol\u00e8cules dansaires dins de les nanofibres senyalitzen receptors en moviment<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules i els seus receptors estan en constant moviment, de manera que el que els investigadors han imaginat \u00e9s que si les mol\u00e8cules usades en el tractament es mouen m\u00e9s r\u00e0pidament trobaran aquests receptors amb m\u00e9s freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia. D&#8217;altra banda, mol\u00e8cules lentes i no tan &#8216;sociables&#8217;, probablement mai entraran en contacte amb els receptors de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules.<\/p>\n<p>Injectada com un l\u00edquid, la ter\u00e0pia es gelifica immediatament en una complexa xarxa de nanofibres que imiten la matriu extracel\u00b7lular de la medul\u00b7la espinal. En fer coincidir l&#8217;estructura de la matriu, imitar el moviment de les mol\u00e8cules biol\u00f2giques i incorporar senyals per als receptors, els materials sint\u00e8tics poden comunicar-se amb les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules.<\/p>\n<h4><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-88510 alignleft lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Zaida-portrait-300x228.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"328\" height=\"249\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Zaida-portrait-300x228.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Zaida-portrait-1024x778.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Zaida-portrait-768x583.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Zaida-portrait-150x114.jpg 150w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Zaida-portrait.jpg 1500w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 328px) 100vw, 328px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 328px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 328\/249;\" \/><em>&#8220;El secret darrere d&#8217;aquest nou i revolucionari tractament terap\u00e8utic \u00e9s sintonitzar el moviment de les mol\u00e8cules perqu\u00e8 puguin trobar i activar adequadament els receptors cel\u00b7lulars en constant moviment\u201d <\/em><\/h4>\n<h4><em>Zaida \u00c1lvarez Pinto, <\/em><em>primera autora del estudi, actualment investigadora del IBEC<\/em><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u201cLa innovaci\u00f3 clau en la nostra recerca, que mai s&#8217;havia fet abans, \u00e9s controlar el moviment col\u00b7lectiu de m\u00e9s de 100.000 mol\u00e8cules dins de nostres nanofibres. En fer que les mol\u00e8cules es moguin, &#8220;ballin&#8221; o fins i tot saltin temporalment d&#8217;aquestes estructures, conegudes com a pol\u00edmers supramoleculars, poden connectar-se de manera m\u00e9s efica\u00e7 amb els receptors de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules, que es mouen constantment &#8220;, explica Stupp.<\/p>\n<p>Stupp i el seu equip van trobar que ajustar el moviment de les mol\u00e8cules dins de la xarxa de nanofibres per a fer-les m\u00e9s \u00e0gils va resultar en una major efic\u00e0cia terap\u00e8utica en ratolins paralitzats. Tamb\u00e9 van confirmar que les formulacions de la seva ter\u00e0pia amb moviment molecular perfeccionat van funcionar millor durant les proves <em>in vitro<\/em> amb c\u00e8l\u00b7lules humanes, la qual cosa indica una major bioactividad i senyalitzaci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Una injecci\u00f3, diversos senyals<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>En enviar senyals bioactives per a fer que el teixit es repari i es regeneri, la ter\u00e0pia revolucion\u00e0ria va millorar dr\u00e0sticament la medul\u00b7la espinal greument lesionada. Una vegada connectades als receptors, les mol\u00e8cules en moviment desencadenen senyals en cascada, cr\u00edtiques per a la reparaci\u00f3 de la medul\u00b7la espinal.<\/p>\n<p>D&#8217;una banda, indueixen la regeneraci\u00f3 dels axons de les neurones de la medul\u00b7la lesionades. Igual que els cables el\u00e8ctrics, els axons envien senyals entre el cervell i la resta del cos, i si sofreixen talls o danys es provoca la p\u00e8rdua de sensibilitat en el cos o fins i tot la par\u00e0lisi.<\/p>\n<p>D&#8217;altra banda, ajuda a les neurones a sobreviure despr\u00e9s de la lesi\u00f3, fa proliferar altres tipus cel\u00b7lulars i promou el creixement dels vasos sanguinis perduts que alimenten les neurones i les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules cr\u00edtiques per a la reparaci\u00f3 dels teixits. La ter\u00e0pia tamb\u00e9 indueix la reconstrucci\u00f3 de la mielina al voltant dels axons (la capa a\u00efllant important per a transmetre els senyals el\u00e8ctrics) i redueix el teixit que actua com a barrera f\u00edsica perqu\u00e8 la medul\u00b7la espinal es curi.<\/p>\n<p>Els senyals utilitzats en l&#8217;estudi imiten les prote\u00efnes naturals que es necessiten per a induir les respostes biol\u00f2giques desitjades. No obstant aix\u00f2, les prote\u00efnes tenen vides mitjanes extremadament curtes i la seva producci\u00f3 \u00e9s molt cara.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEls nostres senyals sint\u00e8tics s\u00f3n prote\u00efnes curtes i modificades que, quan s&#8217;uneixen entre si, tindran bioactividad durant setmanes en el teixit. El resultat final \u00e9s una ter\u00e0pia que \u00e9s menys costosa de produir i dura molt m\u00e9s, explica Zaida \u00c1lvarez Pinto, primera autora del treball i investigadora de l&#8217;IBEC.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Aplicaci\u00f3 universal<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Si b\u00e9 la nova ter\u00e0pia podria usar-se per a prevenir la par\u00e0lisi despr\u00e9s d&#8217;un trauma major (accidents automobil\u00edstics, caigudes, accidents esportius i ferides de bala), aix\u00ed com de malalties, probablement el descobriment subjacent, relacionat amb el &#8220;moviment supramolecular&#8221; com un factor clau en la bioactividad, pot ser aplicat a altres ter\u00e0pies i dianes.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Els teixits del sistema nervi\u00f3s central que hem regenerat amb \u00e8xit en la medul\u00b7la espinal lesionada s\u00f3n similars als del cervell afectats per accidents cerebrovasculars i malalties neurodegeneratives, com l&#8217;ELA, la malaltia de Parkinson i la malaltia d&#8217;Alzheimer&#8221;, explica Stupp. &#8220;M\u00e9s enll\u00e0 d&#8217;aix\u00f2, el nostre descobriment fonamental sobre el control del moviment dels assemblatges moleculars per a millorar la senyalitzaci\u00f3 cel\u00b7lular podria aplicar-se universalment a diferents objectius biom\u00e8dics&#8221;, conclou.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Article de refer\u00e8ncia: <\/strong>Zaida Alvarez, Alexandra N. Kolberg-Edelbrock, Ivan R. Sasselli, J.Alberto Ortega, Ruomeng Qiu, Zois Syrgiannis, Peter A. Mirau, Feng Chen, Stacey M. Chin, Steven Weigand, Evangelos Kiskinis, Samuel I. Stupp. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.abh3602\">Bioactive scaffolds with enhanced supramolecular motion promote recovery from spinal cord injury<\/a><strong>.<\/strong> Science, 2021, Vol 374 (6569), pp.848-856.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sobre Samuel I. Stupp: <\/strong>Samuel Stupp es Professor de la Universidad Northwestern a Chicago, EUA, i Professor Distingit Severo Ochoa a l\u2019IBEC. Tamb\u00e9 es membre de la Junta de Consejeros de Ciencia e Ingenier\u00eda de Materiales, Qu\u00edmica, Medicina e Ingenier\u00eda Biom\u00e9dica, i es el director fundador del <a href=\"https:\/\/sqi.northwestern.edu\/index.html\">Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology<\/a>\u00a0(SQI) i del seu centre d\u2019investigaci\u00f3 afiliat, el <a href=\"https:\/\/crn.northwestern.edu\/\">Center for Regenerative Nanomedicine<\/a>, centrats en l\u2019investigaci\u00f3 interdisciplinaria, i tamb\u00e9 del Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science, un Centre Punter en Investigacions Energ\u00e8tiques finan\u00e7at pel Departament de Energia dels EUA. T\u00e9\u00a0posicions a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mccormick.northwestern.edu\/\">McCormick School of Engineering<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/weinberg.northwestern.edu\/\">Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences<\/a>\u00a0i la\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.feinberg.northwestern.edu\/\">Feinberg School of Medicine<\/a>. A m\u00e9s, Stupp tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s membre de la Academia Nacional de Ingenier\u00eda, la Academia Estadounidense de Artes y Ciencias, la Real Academia Espa\u00f1ola i la Academia Nacional de Inventores. Samuel Stupp es Director del Comit\u00e8 Cient\u00edfic (ISC) del IBEC des de 2013.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sobre Zaida \u00c1lvarez Pinto<\/strong>: va realitzar la seva tesi doctoral en biomaterials per a la reparaci\u00f3 de danys cerebrals en la UPC\/IBEC 2009-2014. Durant el per\u00edode 2015-2019, va fer una estada postdoctoral en el Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology de la Northwestern University en Chicago. Del 2019-2021 va ser Research Assistant Professor a la Escuela de Medicina Feinberg Medical School a la Northwestern University.\u00a0 Recentment, como a investigadora amb una beca \u201cBeatriu de Pin\u00f3s\u201d a l\u2019Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), ha obtingut una \u201cRam\u00f3n y Cajal\u201d per continuar investigant sobre noves ter\u00e0pies per a la reparaci\u00f3 de la medul\u00b7la espinal danyada.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3>Investigadors de la Universitat de Northwestern, als EUA, i de l&#8217;Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), desenvolupen una nova ter\u00e0pia injectable que utilitza nanofibres sint\u00e8tiques per a reparar lesions medul\u00b7lars. Les nanofibres, que contenen \u201cmol\u00e8cules dansaires\u201d, estimulen efica\u00e7ment els receptors cel\u00b7lulars promovent la regeneraci\u00f3 medul\u00b7lar. Despr\u00e9s d&#8217;una sola injecci\u00f3, animals paralitzats tractats amb aquesta nova ter\u00e0pia van tornar a caminar en tan sols quatre setmanes.L&#8217;article ha estat publicat en Science.<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":88542,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1555,1554],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-88568","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-lesions-medullars","tag-medulla-espinal"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Aconsegueixen recuperar la mobilitat en ratolins amb greus lesions medul\u00b7lars amb una injecci\u00f3 de nanofibres - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/aconsegueixen-recuperar-la-mobilitat-en-ratolins-amb-greus-lesions-medul\u00b7lars-amb-una-injeccio-de-nanofibres\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Aconsegueixen recuperar la mobilitat en ratolins amb greus lesions medul\u00b7lars amb una injecci\u00f3 de nanofibres - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Investigadors de la Universitat de Northwestern, als EUA, i de l&#039;Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), desenvolupen una nova ter\u00e0pia injectable que utilitza nanofibres sint\u00e8tiques per a reparar lesions medul\u00b7lars. Les nanofibres, que contenen \u201cmol\u00e8cules dansaires\u201d, estimulen efica\u00e7ment els receptors cel\u00b7lulars promovent la regeneraci\u00f3 medul\u00b7lar. 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