{"id":94149,"date":"2022-05-18T13:30:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-18T11:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/testweb.ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=94149"},"modified":"2022-05-25T13:34:48","modified_gmt":"2022-05-25T11:34:48","slug":"desenvolupen-nanorobots-per-a-lluitar-contra-les-infeccions-bacterianes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/desenvolupen-nanorobots-per-a-lluitar-contra-les-infeccions-bacterianes\/","title":{"rendered":"Desenvolupen nanorobots per a lluitar contra les infeccions bacterianes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Investigadors desenvolupen micro- i nanorobots aut\u00f2noms i amb activitat antimicrobiana, capa\u00e7os d’atacar als bacteris en el lloc d’infecci\u00f3. El treball ha estat coliderat per Samuel S\u00e1nchez (Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i Cesar de la Fuente-N\u00fa\u00f1ez (Univ. de Pensilv\u00e0nia, USA). La nova tecnologia, testada en ratolins, \u00e9s una valuosa eina per al tractament d’infeccions bacterianes de manera controlada i localitzada. En un futur no gaire lluny\u00e0 podria ajudar a combatre infeccions.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Una mort a cada 3 segons en 2050, o, dit d’una altra manera, aproximadament 10 milions de decessos. Aquesta \u00e9s l’estimaci\u00f3 de l’impacte que les resist\u00e8ncies a antibi\u00f2tics tindran en alguns anys i tenint en compte que actualment ja s\u00f3n la 4a causa de mort als hospitals dels EUA. Aquesta complexa situaci\u00f3 sanit\u00e0ria es deu en gran manera a l’ampli i inespec\u00edfic espectre d’acci\u00f3 dels antibi\u00f2tics actuals i a la falta de m\u00e8todes eficients d’administraci\u00f3 que alliberin l’antibi\u00f2tic nom\u00e9s en el lloc de la infecci\u00f3 i no de manera sist\u00e8mica, la qual cosa provoca l’aparici\u00f3 de bacteris resistents.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>
\n

Amb l’objectiu d’aportar solucions a aquest problema, un grup d’investigadors internacionals coliderats pel professor de recerca ICREA Samuel S\u00e1nchez de l’Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i l\u00edder del grup \u201cNano-Bio Dispositius Intel\u00b7ligents<\/a>\u201d, i per C\u00e9sar de la Fuente-N\u00fa\u00f1ez (Universitat de Pensilv\u00e0nia, USA), han desenvolupat micro- i nanorobots que s\u00f3n capa\u00e7os de portar, de manera aut\u00f2noma, p\u00e8ptids (petites prote\u00efnes) bactericides al lloc d’infecci\u00f3. El treball s’ha publicat recentment en la prestigiosa revista ACS Nano<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Moviment aut\u00f2nom i transport de p\u00e8ptids antimicrobians\u00a0<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Els nostres nanorobots combinen navegaci\u00f3, cat\u00e0lisi i capacitat bactericida per a portar c\u00e0rregues antimicrobianes a llocs d’infecci\u00f3 espec\u00edfics.<\/p>Xavier Arqu\u00e9, primer coautor del treball (IBEC)\u00a0<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Els micro- i nanomotors desenvolupats en aquest treball es basen en s\u00edlice porosa i s’impulsen de manera aut\u00f2noma per una reacci\u00f3 qu\u00edmica, la cat\u00e0lisi de l’enzim ureasa, que utilitza la urea com a combustible biocompatible. Aquests diminuts robots s’han recobert amb p\u00e8ptids antimicrobians que tenen una forta acci\u00f3 antibi\u00f2tica. Un d’ells \u00e9s un p\u00e8ptid d’origen natural i l’altre \u00e9s un p\u00e8ptid sint\u00e8tic derivat del ver\u00ed de la vespa. Tots dos exerceixen la seva funci\u00f3 bactericida desestabilitzant a la membrana cel\u00b7lular dels bacteris, el seu embolcall protector. L’activitat bactericida d’aquests motors s’ha provat en la micro i nano escales (mil i 1 mili\u00f3 de vegades m\u00e9s petit que\u00a0 1 mil\u00b7l\u00edmetre, respectivament) i en cinc esp\u00e8cies de bacteris cl\u00ednicament rellevants i en tots els casos es va mostrar efectiva.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Activitat demostrada en ratolins\u00a0<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Quatre dies despr\u00e9s del tractament amb els nanorobots, vam analitzar la quantitat de bacteris en la ferida i vam veure que s’havia redu\u00eft fins a 3 vegades.<\/p>Marcelo Torres, primer coautor del treball (Universitat de Pennsilv\u00e0nia)\u00a0<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Per a testar els micro- i nanorobots en condicions in vivo, els investigadors van tractar ratolins que tenien una ferida infectada amb Acinetobacter baumannii<\/em>, un bacteri resistent a la majoria d’antibi\u00f2tics i que pot causar pneum\u00f2nia severa i infeccions del tracte urinari. Els micro- i nanorobots carregats amb els p\u00e8ptids antimicrobians es van inocular en una extremitat de la ferida i la zona es va tractar amb urea, el combustible necessari per a la seva autopropulsi\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La clau de l’\u00e8xit del tractament ha estat el despla\u00e7ament dels micro- i nanorobots per tota la zona de la ferida (1 cm\u00b2), la qual cosa ha perm\u00e8s portar els p\u00e8ptids antimicrobians a una superf\u00edcie molt major. En canvi, les ferides tractades amb els p\u00e8ptids antimicrobians lliures van mostrar una reducci\u00f3 en la quantitat de bacteris solament en la zona d’inoculaci\u00f3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aquesta nova eina de bioenginyeria obre les portes a la implementaci\u00f3 en la cl\u00ednica de micro- i nanorobots bioactius i aut\u00f2noms per al tractament de malalties infeccioses.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Article de refer\u00e8ncia:<\/strong> Xavier Arqu\u00e9, Marcelo D. T. Torres, Tania Pati\u00f1o, Andreia Boaro, Samuel S\u00e1nchez, Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez. Autonomous Treatment of Bacterial Infections in Vivo Using Antimicrobial Micro- and Nanomotors<\/a>. April 29, 2022. DOI: 10.1021\/acsnano.1c11013\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Investigadors desenvolupen micro- i nanorobots aut\u00f2noms i amb activitat antimicrobiana, capa\u00e7os d’atacar als bacteris en el lloc d’infecci\u00f3. El treball ha estat coliderat per Samuel S\u00e1nchez (Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC) i Cesar de la Fuente-N\u00fa\u00f1ez (Univ. de Pensilv\u00e0nia, USA). La nova tecnologia, testada en ratolins, \u00e9s una valuosa eina per al tractament d’infeccions bacterianes de manera controlada i localitzada. En un futur no gaire lluny\u00e0 podria ajudar a combatre infeccions. <\/h3>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":94138,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[1140],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-94149","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticies-de-recerca","tag-samuel-sanchez-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nDesenvolupen nanorobots per a lluitar contra les infeccions bacterianes - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/ca\/desenvolupen-nanorobots-per-a-lluitar-contra-les-infeccions-bacterianes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Desenvolupen nanorobots per a lluitar contra les infeccions bacterianes - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Investigadors desenvolupen micro- i nanorobots aut\u00f2noms i amb activitat antimicrobiana, capa\u00e7os d'atacar als bacteris en el lloc d'infecci\u00f3. 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