{"id":19130,"date":"2015-10-06T07:39:54","date_gmt":"2015-10-06T07:39:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=19130"},"modified":"2015-10-20T13:46:10","modified_gmt":"2015-10-20T13:46:10","slug":"nanomotores-biocompatibles-propulsados-con-azucar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/nanomotores-biocompatibles-propulsados-con-azucar\/","title":{"rendered":"Nanomotores propulsados con az\u00facar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Este nuevo mini motor biocompatible est\u00e1 hecho a partir de s\u00edlice mesoporoso, que es hueco, y que adem\u00e1s no es da\u00f1ino para las c\u00e9lulas ni para los tejidos. Se podr\u00e1 utilizar en muchas aplicaciones biom\u00e9dicas ya que su propulsi\u00f3n es debida a la reacci\u00f3n catal\u00edtica de tres enzimas que se encuentran de forma natural el cuerpo; la catalasa, la ureasa y la glucosa oxidasa. Las reacciones enzim\u00e1ticas dan energ\u00eda a las nanopart\u00edculas Janus -part\u00edculas\u00a0 cuyas superficies tienen dos propiedades f\u00edsicas diferentes-,\u00a0 teniendo lugar de forma asim\u00e9trica en solo una de las caras del nanomotor, lo que provoca la propulsi\u00f3n en la direcci\u00f3n opuesta.<\/p>\n

\u201cPara que su uso sea seguro en aplicaciones biom\u00e9dicas en el interior del organismo, las nanopart\u00edculas tienen que estar hechas de materiales biocompatibles y biodegradables, as\u00ed como ser capaces tanto de moverse de forma aut\u00f3noma utilizando combustibles de origen biol\u00f3gico como de liberar la carga en un punto concreto \u2013como es el caso de la liberaci\u00f3n de f\u00e1rmacos\u2013 a la peque\u00f1a escala,\u201d dice Samuel S\u00e1nchez, quien dirige al que ha sido descrito como \u2018uno de los grupos l\u00edderes en el campo de la investigaci\u00f3n en nanomotores\u201d, el grupo de Dispositivos Inteligentes Nano-Bio del IBEC y del MPI-IS de Stuttgart. \u201cHemos conseguido todas estas propiedades con nuestros nuevos nanomotores. Para su arquitectura, hemos utilizado un material que ofrece una gran capacidad de liberaci\u00f3n de f\u00e1rmacos debido a su estructura hueca; y para la propulsi\u00f3n, hemos basado nuestros m\u00e9todos en el reciente descubrimiento de que las enzimas pueden actuar como nanomotores autopropulsados, as\u00ed como de ser ancladas a objetos artificiales mayores, como los nanotubos de carbono, para proporcionar una fuerza de propulsi\u00f3n utilizando reacciones catal\u00edticas\u201d.<\/p>\n

Este tipo de reacciones biocatal\u00edticas desencadenadas por enzimas act\u00faan a modo de propulsi\u00f3n no-t\u00f3xica, debido a que est\u00e1n presentes en el ambiente biol\u00f3gico y tienen un elevado potencial de reacci\u00f3n. Se pueden utilizar diferentes combinaciones de enzima\/combustible como la catalasa y el per\u00f3xido de hidr\u00f3geno o la glucosa y la glucosa oxidasa, lo que significa que el m\u00e9todo es muy vers\u00e1til con un potencial que se podr\u00e1 extender a otras enzimas.<\/p>\n

Los micro y nano sistemas desarrollados anteriormente estaban muy limitados para ser utilizados en el \u00e1mbito biom\u00e9dico, ya que para propulsarse utilizaban la descomposici\u00f3n de per\u00f3xido de hidr\u00f3geno con platino como catalizador, lo que provocaba que en algunos casos la propulsi\u00f3n durase muy poco\u00a0o que, sencillamente, se convirtieran en nanosistemas pasivos incapaces de moverse de forma aut\u00f3noma.<\/p>\n

El siguiente paso ser\u00e1 explorar c\u00f3mo incrementar la fuerza conductora y la gu\u00eda de sus nanomotores biocompatibles mediante m\u00e9todos de manipulaci\u00f3n externa, como la quimiotaxis, el control magn\u00e9tico o los ultrasonidos, dirigi\u00e9ndolos a un movimiento direccional para la liberaci\u00f3n activa de f\u00e1rmacos en localizaciones espec\u00edficas.<\/p>\n

Los colaboradores de la Universidad de T\u00fcbingen tambi\u00e9n han medido, por primera vez, mediantes unas pinzas \u00f3pticas, la fuerza de propulsi\u00f3n de los nanomotores, lo que hace posible entender un poco m\u00e1s c\u00f3mo se comportan las nanopart\u00edculas propulsadas.<\/p>\n

\u2014 Xing Ma, Anita Jannasch, Urban-Raphael Albrecht, Kersten Hahn, Albert Miguel-L\u00f3pez, Erik Sch\u00e4ffer and Samuel Sanchez (2015). Enzyme-Powered Hollow Mesoporous Janus Nanomotors<\/a>.\u00a0Nano Lett.<\/em>, 15<\/span> (10), pp 7043\u20137050<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\"\"Investigadores del IBEC y sus colaboradores han desarrollado nanomotores para aplicaciones biom\u00e9dicas que son propulsados por enzimas, como la glucosa oxidasa, que los hace completamente biocompatibles.<\/h3>\n

En un estudio publicado hoy en Nanoletters<\/em>, el Prof. Samuel S\u00e1nchez, responsable de grupo del IBEC e investigador ICREA, y sus colaboradores en el MPI for Intelligent Systems, la Universidad de T\u00fcbingen y el MPI for Solid State Research, describen la fabricaci\u00f3n del primer nanomotor sint\u00e9tico en el mundo propulsado por una enzima que utiliza combustible biocompatible, lo que solventa las desventajas de los sistemas actuales. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":19122,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-19130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-de-investigacion"],"yoast_head":"\nNanomotores propulsados con az\u00facar - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/nanomotores-biocompatibles-propulsados-con-azucar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nanomotores propulsados con az\u00facar - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Investigadores del IBEC y sus colaboradores han desarrollado nanomotores para aplicaciones biom\u00e9dicas que son propulsados por enzimas, como la glucosa oxidasa, que los hace completamente biocompatibles. En un estudio publicado hoy en Nanoletters, el Prof. Samuel S\u00e1nchez, responsable de grupo del IBEC e investigador ICREA, y sus colaboradores en el MPI for Intelligent Systems, la Universidad de T\u00fcbingen y el MPI for Solid State Research, describen la fabricaci\u00f3n del primer nanomotor sint\u00e9tico en el mundo propulsado por una enzima que utiliza combustible biocompatible, lo que solventa las desventajas de los sistemas actuales.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/nanomotores-biocompatibles-propulsados-con-azucar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-10-06T07:39:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-10-20T13:46:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/JHMSNPNi-enzyme_for-web.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"373\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/nanomotores-biocompatibles-propulsados-con-azucar\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/nanomotores-biocompatibles-propulsados-con-azucar\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c212c6b589546130be67986b9290e2b8\"},\"headline\":\"Nanomotores propulsados con az\u00facar\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-10-06T07:39:54+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-10-20T13:46:10+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/nanomotores-biocompatibles-propulsados-con-azucar\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":583,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/nanomotores-biocompatibles-propulsados-con-azucar\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/10\\\/JHMSNPNi-enzyme_for-web.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Noticias de investigaci\u00f3n\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/nanomotores-biocompatibles-propulsados-con-azucar\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/nanomotores-biocompatibles-propulsados-con-azucar\\\/\",\"name\":\"Nanomotores propulsados con az\u00facar - 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