{"id":26639,"date":"2016-12-01T17:21:00","date_gmt":"2016-12-01T16:21:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=26639"},"modified":"2016-12-15T12:50:19","modified_gmt":"2016-12-15T11:50:19","slug":"investigadores-de-ibec-utilizan-la-microscopia-efm-para-desvelar-los-secretos-de-la-supervivencia-de-las-endosporas-bacterianas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/investigadores-de-ibec-utilizan-la-microscopia-efm-para-desvelar-los-secretos-de-la-supervivencia-de-las-endosporas-bacterianas\/","title":{"rendered":"Investigadores del IBEC utilizan la microscop\u00eda EFM para desvelar los secretos de la supervivencia de las endosporas bacterianas"},"content":{"rendered":"<h6 class=\"caption\" style=\"float: left; width: 50%; padding: 0px -3px 10px 0px;\">Imagen: Im\u00e1genes de EFM de una endospora y de una c\u00e9lula bacteriana en condiciones de baja (arriba) y alta (abajo) humedad relativa. El aumento del contraste en las im\u00e1genes producidas en condiciones de alta humedad relativa se relaciona con la absorci\u00f3n de humedad de la endospora y la c\u00e9lula bacteriana.<\/h6>\n<p>Las endosporas, consideradas la forma de vida m\u00e1s resistente del planeta, se producen a partir de ciertas c\u00e9lulas bacterianas en respuesta a la falta de nutrientes. Est\u00e1n compuestas por una microc\u00e1psula herm\u00e9tica hecha de prote\u00ednas y l\u00edpidos que contiene el material gen\u00e9tico bacteriano, y su dise\u00f1o les permite resistir condiciones ambientales adversas. <\/p>\n<p>Las endosporas pueden permanecer en estado latente durante d\u00e9cadas en muchos entornos, incluyendo el aire, el suelo o la materia org\u00e1nica. Sin embargo, una vez se exponen a las condiciones ambientales apropiadas, estas pueden germinar de vuelta a su forma celular vegetativa en cuesti\u00f3n de minutos, constituyendo una estrategia de supervivencia clave para los organismos vivos.<\/p>\n<p>Una de las propiedades m\u00e1s destacadas de las endosporas bacterianas es su respuesta a los cambios de humedad relativa del entorno (higroscopicidad), ya que absorben la humedad del ambiente sin que esto comprometa su viabilidad, lo cual puede estar relacionado con la manera en la que distribuyen internamente el agua.<\/p>\n<p>El grupo de Gabriel Gomila, <a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/nanobioelec\" target=\"_blank\">Nanoscale Bioelectrical Characterization<\/a>, en colaboraci\u00f3n con Antonio Ju\u00e1rez,  investigador asociado del IBEC y profesor de la UB, han usado la Microscop\u00eda de Fuerzas Electrost\u00e1ticas (EFM), una variaci\u00f3n de la Microscop\u00eda de Fuerza At\u00f3mica que permite medir las propiedades internas de hidrataci\u00f3n de las endosporas en condiciones de alta humedad relativa.<\/p>\n<p>\u2018Hemos podido observar c\u00f3mo la estructura de las endosporas es capaz de preservar su n\u00facleo, donde se encuentra el ADN, incluso someti\u00e9ndolas a condiciones de baja hidrataci\u00f3n, independientemente de las condiciones relativas de humedad. Esta propiedad clave se suma al resto de habilidades extraordinarias de las endosporas\u2019 dice Gabriel. \u2018Esta propiedad tambi\u00e9n es la base de su sorprendente respuesta al agua, que ha dado lugar a investigar nuevos dispositivos recolectores de energ\u00eda basados en endosporas que pueden generar energ\u00eda el\u00e9ctrica a trav\u00e9s de la evaporaci\u00f3n de una masa de agua, as\u00ed como dispositivos electromec\u00e1nicos de esporas con <em>quantum dots<\/em> de grafeno\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>Los resultados de esta investigaci\u00f3n demuestran la precisi\u00f3n y potencial de la t\u00e9cnica EFM para medir las propiedades higrosc\u00f3picas de objetos a peque\u00f1a escala, lo cual puede ser de gran inter\u00e9s para otras aplicaciones nano-higrosc\u00f3picas. Algunos ejemplos son los materiales sensibles al agua para el almacenamiento de energ\u00eda, los procesos biol\u00f3gicos dependientes de la humedad, como la producci\u00f3n de micotoxinas (una de las mayores amenazas para la seguridad alimentaria) o los aerosoles que empleen nanopart\u00edculas relevantes para las ciencias atmosf\u00e9ricas.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Paper: <\/em><\/strong>Marc Van Der Hofstadt, Rene Fabregas, Ruben Millan-Solsona, Antonio Juarez, Laura Fumagalli &amp; Gabriel Gomila (2016). <a href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.6b06578\" target=\"_blank\">Internal Hydration Properties of Single Bacterial Endospores Probed by Electrostatic Force Microscopy.<\/a> <em>ACS Nano<\/em>, 10.1021\/acsnano.6b06578<\/p>\n<p><em>Partially supported by the FP7-funded <a href=\"http:\/\/nanomicrowave.eu\/home.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Nanomicrowave<\/a> project (FP7\/People-2012-ITN 317116.EU).<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/ACS-Nano-Gabrielweb.jpg\" alt=\"acs-nano-gabrielweb\" width=\"400\" height=\"223\" class=\"left size-full wp-image-26018 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/ACS-Nano-Gabrielweb.jpg 400w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/ACS-Nano-Gabrielweb-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/ACS-Nano-Gabrielweb-230x128.jpg 230w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/ACS-Nano-Gabrielweb-150x84.jpg 150w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 400px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 400\/223;\" \/><\/a>Un grupo de investigaci\u00f3n del IBEC ha revelado nuevas estrategias de supervivencia de las endosporas bacterianas utilizando la Microscop\u00eda de Fuerzas Electrost\u00e1ticas (EFM) para analizar su nivel hidrataci\u00f3n en distintas condiciones de humedad relativa.<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":26019,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[1113],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-26639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-de-investigacion","tag-gabriel-gomila-es"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Investigadores del IBEC utilizan la microscop\u00eda EFM para desvelar los secretos de la supervivencia de las endosporas bacterianas - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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