{"id":57785,"date":"2018-02-19T16:39:03","date_gmt":"2018-02-19T15:39:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=57785"},"modified":"2018-02-28T10:14:30","modified_gmt":"2018-02-28T09:14:30","slug":"shedding-light-on-metastasis-in-the-brain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/shedding-light-on-metastasis-in-the-brain\/","title":{"rendered":"Descubren las claves de la met\u00e1stasis en cerebro"},"content":{"rendered":"
Micrograf\u00edas de c\u00e9lulas en el proceso de adaptaci\u00f3n de su forma para atravesar microt\u00faneles de un di\u00e1metro 10 veces menor que el tama\u00f1o celular.<\/h6>\n

La met\u00e1stasis en el cerebro es com\u00fan en el c\u00e1ncer de mama y una de las causas m\u00e1s comunes de las muertes por c\u00e1ncer. Para llegar hasta el cerebro, las c\u00e9lulas cancerosas deben migrar desde el tumor donde se originaron, entrar en el torrente sangu\u00edneo y cruzar otra barrera que protege de forma especial el cerebro, por lo que la mayor\u00eda de ellas muere antes de implantarse en el cerebro.<\/p>\n

Los canales mecanosensibles al frente de la invasi\u00f3n y met\u00e1stasis tumorales<\/h3>\n

Todos y cada uno de estos pasos implican alteraciones mec\u00e1nicas en las c\u00e9lulas tumorales. Tienen que modificar su forma y estrujarse para avanzar por los reducidos espacios disponibles, como hace un pulpo para esconderse en lugares inveros\u00edmiles. Tambi\u00e9n tienen que liberar unas prote\u00ednas que, a modo de taladro qu\u00edmico, les permiten deshacer las barreras que se presentan a lo largo de su recorrido. Y finalmente, en el caso de las c\u00e9lulas del c\u00e1ncer de mama que metastatizan en cerebro, necesitan unas prote\u00ednas, las serpinas, que anulan las defensas naturales del cerebro, permitiendo el crecimiento del tumor en su nueva localizaci\u00f3n.
\nInvestigadores del Laboratorio de Fisiolog\u00eda Molecular del Departamento de Ciencias Experimentales y de la Salud de la UPF, liderado por Miguel \u00c1ngel Valverde, han identificado que un nivel bajo del canal Piezo2 dificulta la secreci\u00f3n de serpinas, la invasi\u00f3n y la proliferacion; mientras que un nivel alto las favorece. La investigaci\u00f3n se publica esta semana en la revista Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences y cuenta con la participaci\u00f3n de investigadores del Instituto de Bioingenier\u00eda de Catalu\u00f1a (IBEC) y de las Universidades de Grenoble (Francia) y Johns Hopkins (USA)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Niveles altos del canal Piezo2 favorecen la invasi\u00f3n y supervivencia de c\u00e9lulas metastasicas<\/h3>\n

\u201cNuestro objetivo inicial era averiguar de qu\u00e9 depende que las c\u00e9lulas del c\u00e1ncer de mama que producen met\u00e1stasis en el cerebro liberen las serpinas, para que estas anulen las defensas del cerebro\u201d, explica Carlos Pardo-Pastor, investigador en formaci\u00f3n del Laboratorio de Fisiolog\u00eda Molecular de la UPF y primer firmante del art\u00edculo. \u201cDurante el recorrido de una c\u00e9lula metast\u00e1sica, esta tiene que adaptarse a numerosos cambios en las propiedades f\u00edsicas y mec\u00e1nicas de su entorno. Por tanto, postulamos que los canales i\u00f3nicos que detectan cambios mec\u00e1nicos y osm\u00f3ticos en las c\u00e9lulas pueden ser relevantes para la met\u00e1stasis\u201d, a\u00f1ade Miguel \u00c1ngel Valverde.<\/p>\n

El trabajo, realizado con cultivos celulares de c\u00e1ncer de mama, analiz\u00f3 la presencia de numerosos canales i\u00f3nicos que pudieran servir para explorar el entorno f\u00edsico de las c\u00e9lulas y descubri\u00f3 que las c\u00e9lulas de c\u00e1ncer de mama que espec\u00edficamente metastatizan en cerebro presentan unos niveles m\u00e1s elevados del canal Piezo2 que las c\u00e9lulas que no presentan predilecci\u00f3n por este lugar de met\u00e1stasis.<\/p>\n

Los canales i\u00f3nicos son puertas selectivas a trav\u00e9s de las cuales los iones entran y salen de la c\u00e9lula. En el caso de los canales Piezo, su apertura permite el flujo de calcio cuando la c\u00e9lula detecta cambios en la rigidez del entorno o cuando esta atraviesa espacios excesivamente estrechos (conocido como confinamiento celular). Seg\u00fan detalla el estudio, esta se\u00f1al de calcio, a su vez, desencadena una amplia gama de respuestas que van desde la organizaci\u00f3n de la estructura esquel\u00e9tica celular a la activaci\u00f3n de factores que controlan la expresi\u00f3n de genes necesarios para mantener la proliferaci\u00f3n celular, la secreci\u00f3n de serpinas y la generaci\u00f3n de unas estructuras conocidas como invadosomas, necesarias para perforar la matriz extracelular y permitir el paso de las c\u00e9lulas.<\/p>\n

El descubrimiento podr\u00eda convertir estos canales en el objetivo de nuevos f\u00e1rmacos que disminuyan el riesgo de met\u00e1stasis<\/h3>\n

La investigaci\u00f3n ha sido financiada, entre otras fuentes, por el Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad, Fondos FEDER y el Programa Mar\u00eda de Maeztu para las unidades de excelencia en investigaci\u00f3n y desarrollo.<\/p>\n

—<\/p>\n

Art\u00edculo referenciado:<\/strong> C. Pardo-Pastor, F. Rubio-Moscardo, M. Vogel-Gonz\u00e1lez, S. A. Serra, A. Afthinos, S. Mrkonjic, O. Destaing, J. F. Abenza, J. M. Fern\u00e1ndez-Fern\u00e1ndez, X. Trepat, C. Albig\u00e9s-Rizo, K. Konstantopoulos and M. A. Valverde. (2018). Piezo2 channel regulates RhoA and Actin cytoskeleton to promote cell cell mechanobiological responses.<\/a> Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, epub ahead of print<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Un equipo internacional de investigadores muestra por primera vez que los canales i\u00f3nicos capaces de detectar cambios en las propiedades f\u00edsicas del entorno celular desempe\u00f1an un papel clave en el proceso de invasi\u00f3n y met\u00e1stasis tumoral.<\/h3>\n

El descubrimiento, liderado por Miguel \u00c1ngel Valverde del Departamento de Ciencias Experimentales y de la Salud de la UPF y que involucra al grupo Integrative Cell and Tissue Dynamics del IBEC, podr\u00eda abrir nuevas v\u00edas en el desarrollo de nuevos f\u00e1rmacos que reduzcan el riesgo de met\u00e1stasis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":57776,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-57785","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-de-investigacion"],"yoast_head":"\nDescubren las claves de la met\u00e1stasis en cerebro - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/shedding-light-on-metastasis-in-the-brain\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Descubren las claves de la met\u00e1stasis en cerebro - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un equipo internacional de investigadores muestra por primera vez que los canales i\u00f3nicos capaces de detectar cambios en las propiedades f\u00edsicas del entorno celular desempe\u00f1an un papel clave en el proceso de invasi\u00f3n y met\u00e1stasis tumoral. 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