{"id":63649,"date":"2018-11-27T09:45:42","date_gmt":"2018-11-27T08:45:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=63649"},"modified":"2020-06-15T13:44:39","modified_gmt":"2020-06-15T11:44:39","slug":"el-enfoque-ascendente-es-suficiente-para-entender-todo-un-sistema","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/el-enfoque-ascendente-es-suficiente-para-entender-todo-un-sistema\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfEl enfoque ascendente es suficiente para entender todo un sistema?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Las c\u00e9lulas de un grupo, por ejemplo, pueden sentir o responder a est\u00edmulos externos que una c\u00e9lula individual no puede identificar.<\/p>\n<p>Seg\u00fan Xavier, para determinar c\u00f3mo funcionan los sistemas vivos complejos es mejor intentar comprender los principios y variables que rigen los procesos a nivel de mesoescala. Mientras que la reconstituci\u00f3n de los procesos de escalera molecular puede ser \u00fatil en determinados casos, \u2014como por ejemplo en el caso en que la ingenier\u00eda de los circuitos gen\u00e9ticos responsables de la comunicaci\u00f3n celular es suficiente para controlar la forma del tejido 3D\u2014 cree que para aclarar lo que sucede a nivel del sistema biol\u00f3gico, los experimentos tendr\u00edan que investigar diferentes longitudes de tejidos y a escala temporal, mediante la manipulaci\u00f3n tanto mec\u00e1nica como bioqu\u00edmica.<\/p>\n<p>Recientemente, los enfoques ascendentes han despertado mucho inter\u00e9s entre otros investigadores, entre ellos Matthew Good, bi\u00f3logo de la Universidad de Pensilvania, que redact\u00f3 un escrito complementando el mismo art\u00edculo, \u00abUnderstanding by building\u00bb (\u00abConstruyendo para comprender\u00bb), y en el cual sostiene a favor de los enfoques ascendentes, que las estructuras de ingenier\u00eda biol\u00f3gica y los comportamientos de sus partes constitutivas reducen un sistema vivo complejo a un conjunto de componentes m\u00e1s manejable. De este modo, se puede definir el conjunto m\u00ednimo de prote\u00ednas e interacciones necesarias para la aparici\u00f3n de fen\u00f3menos complejos como por ejemplo la divisi\u00f3n celular. \u201cLos enfoques ascendentes son \u00fatiles y los usamos continuamente en el laboratorio, pero es importante tener en cuenta que los mecanismos de los sistemas vivos no se originan en los niveles inferiores, sino a escaleras intermedias\u201d, dice. De hecho, su grupo public\u00f3 <a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/investigadores-descubren-celulas-superdeformables\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">otro art\u00edculo en el mismo n\u00famero de Nature, haciendo referencia a los enfoques ascendentes para dise\u00f1ar tejidos epiteliales.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u2014<\/p>\n<p>Good M, Trepat X. (2018). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-018-07246-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cell parts to complex processes, from the bottom up.<\/a> Nature, 563(7730):188-189<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"left size-full wp-image-63557 lazyload\" data-src=\"http:\/\/www.ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"535\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup.jpg 400w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup-224x300.jpg 224w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup-97x130.jpg 97w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup-112x150.jpg 112w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 400px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 400\/535;\" \/><\/a>Xavier Trepat, investigador principal de IBEC, ha publicado un art\u00edculo de opini\u00f3n en la secci\u00f3n News and Views (Noticias y Opini\u00f3n) del \u00faltimo n\u00famero de la revista Nature, dedicado a la \u00abBiolog\u00eda ascendente\u00bb.<\/h3>\n<p>En su art\u00edculo \u00abBottom does not explain top\u00bb (\u00abEl nivel inferior no explica el nivel superior\u00bb), Xavier argumenta que entender c\u00f3mo se construyen las estructuras biol\u00f3gicas complejas \u2014o incluso las c\u00e9lulas como un todo\u2014, s\u00f3lo aporta una cierta idea de c\u00f3mo funcionan los sistemas biol\u00f3gicos en niveles superiores de organizaci\u00f3n. Hay muchas variables, como por ejemplo la densidad, o incluso las patolog\u00edas que puede sufrir un sujeto, que afectan al comportamiento celular a nivel de mesoescala, es decir, a largo plazo, a una escalera m\u00e1s sist\u00e9mica que la de los componentes individuales de un organismo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":63559,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[1144],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-63649","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-de-investigacion","tag-xavier-trepat-es"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfEl enfoque ascendente es suficiente para entender todo un sistema? - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/el-enfoque-ascendente-es-suficiente-para-entender-todo-un-sistema\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00bfEl enfoque ascendente es suficiente para entender todo un sistema? - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Xavier Trepat, investigador principal de IBEC, ha publicado un art\u00edculo de opini\u00f3n en la secci\u00f3n News and Views (Noticias y Opini\u00f3n) del \u00faltimo n\u00famero de la revista Nature, dedicado a la \u00abBiolog\u00eda ascendente\u00bb.  En su art\u00edculo \u00abBottom does not explain top\u00bb (\u00abEl nivel inferior no explica el nivel superior\u00bb), Xavier argumenta que entender c\u00f3mo se construyen las estructuras biol\u00f3gicas complejas \u2014o incluso las c\u00e9lulas como un todo\u2014, s\u00f3lo aporta una cierta idea de c\u00f3mo funcionan los sistemas biol\u00f3gicos en niveles superiores de organizaci\u00f3n. Hay muchas variables, como por ejemplo la densidad, o incluso las patolog\u00edas que puede sufrir un sujeto, que afectan al comportamiento celular a nivel de mesoescala, es decir, a largo plazo, a una escalera m\u00e1s sist\u00e9mica que la de los componentes individuales de un organismo.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/el-enfoque-ascendente-es-suficiente-para-entender-todo-un-sistema\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-11-27T08:45:42+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-06-15T11:44:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bottomup.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"535\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/el-enfoque-ascendente-es-suficiente-para-entender-todo-un-sistema\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/el-enfoque-ascendente-es-suficiente-para-entender-todo-un-sistema\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\u00c0ngels L\u00f3pez\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/c212c6b589546130be67986b9290e2b8\"},\"headline\":\"\u00bfEl enfoque ascendente es suficiente para entender todo un sistema?\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-11-27T08:45:42+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-06-15T11:44:39+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/el-enfoque-ascendente-es-suficiente-para-entender-todo-un-sistema\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":333,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/el-enfoque-ascendente-es-suficiente-para-entender-todo-un-sistema\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/11\\\/bottomup.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Xavier Trepat\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Noticias de investigaci\u00f3n\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/el-enfoque-ascendente-es-suficiente-para-entender-todo-un-sistema\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/ibecbarcelona.eu\\\/es\\\/el-enfoque-ascendente-es-suficiente-para-entender-todo-un-sistema\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u00bfEl enfoque ascendente es suficiente para entender todo un sistema? 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