{"id":6802,"date":"2013-01-22T15:42:44","date_gmt":"2013-01-22T15:42:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/new\/un-paso-hacia-la-reparacion-del-sistema-nervioso-central\/"},"modified":"2015-01-07T13:05:12","modified_gmt":"2015-01-07T13:05:12","slug":"un-paso-hacia-la-reparacion-del-sistema-nervioso-central","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/un-paso-hacia-la-reparacion-del-sistema-nervioso-central\/","title":{"rendered":"Un paso hacia la reparaci\u00f3n del sistema nervioso central"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"left size-full wp-image-6797 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/figura6neurons.jpg\" border=\"0\" width=\"184\" height=\"185\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/figura6neurons.jpg 519w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/figura6neurons-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/figura6neurons-297x300.jpg 297w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/figura6neurons-148x150.jpg 148w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/figura6neurons-45x45.jpg 45w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 184px) 100vw, 184px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 184px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 184\/185;\" \/>Pese a los recientes avances en la comprensi\u00f3n de los mecanismos de las lesiones nerviosas, a la ingenier\u00eda de tejidos le sigue costando encontrar soluciones para reparar da\u00f1os en el sistema nervioso central, a causa del papel crucial y complejo que juegan en \u00e9l los nichos de c\u00e9lulas madre neurales. Estas zonas, en las que las c\u00e9lulas madre quedan reservadas despu\u00e9s del desarrollo embrionario para la producci\u00f3n de nuevas c\u00e9lulas, ejercen un control muy estricto sobre muchas tareas cruciales, como la promoci\u00f3n del crecimiento y la recreaci\u00f3n de las se\u00f1ales bioqu\u00edmicas y f\u00edsicas esenciales para la diferenciaci\u00f3n celular neural.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"caption\">Cultivos de c\u00e9lulas neuronales vistos a trav\u00e9s de un microscopio confocal. El citoesqueleto est\u00e1 tintado en rojo, los n\u00facleos en azul y los n\u00facleos proliferativos en verde<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Seg\u00fan explica la primera autora del art\u00edculo, Zaida \u00c1lvarez, del grupo de Biomateriales para Terapias Regenerativas, \u00abpara poder desarrollar estrategias de ingenier\u00eda de tejidos que permitan reparar los da\u00f1os en el sistema nervioso central, es esencial dise\u00f1ar biomateriales que imiten con mucha precisi\u00f3n los nichos de c\u00e9lulas madre neurales y sus caracter\u00edsticas qu\u00edmicas y bioqu\u00edmicas\u00bb. <\/p>\n<p>En el estudio, liderado por la investigadora de la Universidad de Barcelona Soledad Alc\u00e1ntara, el equipo prob\u00f3 diferentes tipos de \u00e1cido polil\u00e1ctico (PLA) con distintas proporciones de is\u00f3meros L y D\/L, un material biodegradable que permite la adhesi\u00f3n y el crecimiento celular neural. As\u00ed, se descubri\u00f3 que uno de ellos, el PLA con una proporci\u00f3n de is\u00f3meros 70\/30 (PLA70\/30), manten\u00eda los grupos de c\u00e9lulas progenitoras neuronales y gliales in vitro. El PLA70\/30 era m\u00e1s amorfo, se degradaba m\u00e1s r\u00e1pido y, lo m\u00e1s importante, liberaba importantes cantidades de L-lactato, esencial para el mantenimiento de las c\u00e9lulas progenitoras neurales. \u00abEl objetivo del trabajo era encontrar un biomaterial capaz de mantener la poblaci\u00f3n de c\u00e9lulas progenitoras neurales y de generar nuevas c\u00e9lulas diferenciadas con el fin de iniciar el desarrollo de un implante que permita la regeneraci\u00f3n cerebral\u00bb, apunta la Dra. Alc\u00e1ntara. <\/p>\n<p>\u00abLas propiedades mec\u00e1nicas y de superficie del PLA70\/30, que usamos aqu\u00ed en forma de pel\u00edculas microdelgadas, hacen que sea un buen substrato para la adhesi\u00f3n, proliferaci\u00f3n y diferenciaci\u00f3n de las c\u00e9lulas neurales\u00bb, indica Zaida. \u00abLas propiedades f\u00edsicas del material y la liberaci\u00f3n de L-lactato en su degradaci\u00f3n, que proporciona un substrato oxidativo alternativo para las c\u00e9lulas neurales, act\u00faan sinerg\u00edsticamente modulando fenotipos progenitores\u00bb, concluye la investigadora.<\/p>\n<p>Los resultados sugieren que la introducci\u00f3n de patrones 3D imitando la arquitectura de los nichos de c\u00e9lulas madre neurales embrionarias en estructuras realizadas con PLA70\/30 puede ser un buen punto de partida para el dise\u00f1o de dispositivos implantables en el cerebro. \u00ab\u00c9stos podr\u00e1n inducir o activar c\u00e9lulas progenitoras neurales ya existentes a que se autorenueven y produzcan nuevas neuronas, potenciando la respuesta regenerativa del sistema nervioso central in situ\u00bb, a\u00f1ade Zaida.<\/p>\n<p>Lograr que el sistema nervioso central se regenere podr\u00eda abrir la puerta hacia nuevas y prometedoras estrategias con el fin de afrontar los da\u00f1os causados por accidentes, adem\u00e1s de los que provocan numerosas afecciones como los derrames y enfermedades degenerativas como el Parkinson y el Alzheimer.<\/p>\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<p>Alvarez, Z., Mateos-Timoneda, M.A., Hyro\u0161\u0161ov\u00e1, P., Casta\u00f1o, O., Planell, J.A., Perales, J.C., Engel, E. and Alc\u00e1ntara, S. (2013). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0142961212013671\" target=\"_blank\">The effect of the composition of PLA films and lactate release on glial and neuronal maturation and the maintenance of the neuronal progenitor niche<\/a>. Biomaterials 34, 9, 2221\u20132233<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3>Investigadores del IBEC y de la Universidad de Barcelona revelan, en un art\u00edculo publicado en la revista <em>Biomaterials<\/em>, una nueva y prometedora estrategia para regenerar el sistema nervioso central.       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6797,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-6802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-de-investigacion"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Un paso hacia la reparaci\u00f3n del sistema nervioso central - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, 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