{"id":71706,"date":"2020-02-25T09:41:35","date_gmt":"2020-02-25T08:41:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=71706"},"modified":"2020-06-15T12:56:36","modified_gmt":"2020-06-15T10:56:36","slug":"investigadores-del-ibec-descifran-como-los-patogenos-se-adaptan-a-los-cambios-de-oxigeno","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/investigadores-del-ibec-descifran-como-los-patogenos-se-adaptan-a-los-cambios-de-oxigeno\/","title":{"rendered":"Investigadores del IBEC descifran c\u00f3mo los pat\u00f3genos se adaptan a los cambios de ox\u00edgeno"},"content":{"rendered":"

Un \u00abantibiograma\u00bb es una prueba microbiol\u00f3gica que mide la sensibilidad de una bacteria frente a diferentes antimicrobianos. Se realiza en pacientes que se sospecha que pueden tener alg\u00fan tipo de infecci\u00f3n para determinar qu\u00e9 antibi\u00f3ticos hay que recetarles y suele llevarse a cabo en un ambiente aer\u00f3bico, es decir, en presencia de ox\u00edgeno. Sin embargo, en muchos de los lugares en los que se producen infecciones en el cuerpo humano la presencia de ox\u00edgeno es escasa o nula y, adem\u00e1s, puede ir variando.<\/p>\n

\"\"Un ejemplo claro de esto es el de la comida contaminada, pues durante la ingesta las bacterias est\u00e1n en contacto con el aire, si bien cuando viajan a trav\u00e9s de los intestinos van encontr\u00e1ndose con cada vez menos ox\u00edgeno. Los agentes infecciosos son capaces de adaptarse a estos cambios de ox\u00edgeno, pero al mismo tiempo esto dificulta saber c\u00f3mo infectan \u00e9stos a las personas.<\/p>\n

Para superar esta dificultad, un grupo de investigadores del IBEC, liderados por Eduard Torrents, investigador principal del grupo \u2018Infecciones Bacterianas: Terapias Antimicrobianas<\/a>\u2019 del IBEC y profesor de la Universidad de Barcelona (UB), han desarrollado una soluci\u00f3n basada en la bioingenier\u00eda gracias a la que se pueden controlar y monitorizar las concentraciones de ox\u00edgeno a las que est\u00e1n expuestos los pat\u00f3genos<\/strong>. Se trata de la t\u00e9cnica AnaeroTrans<\/strong><\/em> y, por ahora, se ha usado para estudiar dos bacterias muy comunes: E. coli y P. aeruginosa<\/em>, seg\u00fan se recoge en un estudio publicado recientemente en el FASEB Journal<\/em> de la Federaci\u00f3n de Sociedades Americanas de Biolog\u00eda Experimental (FASEB, por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s).<\/p>\n

Gracias a la t\u00e9cnica AnaeroTrans<\/em> los expertos han simulado c\u00f3mo se adaptan estas dos especies a ambientes con poco ox\u00edgeno, que son en los que se encuentran normalmente estas bacterias. En el caso de E.coli<\/em>, por ejemplo, se halla en la parte m\u00e1s baja del intestino del ser humano y puede provocar infecciones tanto intra- como extraintestinales, con lo que poder estudiarla en condiciones m\u00e1s realistas es de gran ayuda para los expertos.<\/p>\n

Asimismo, mediante esta nueva soluci\u00f3n los investigadores han conseguido describir, bajo distintas condiciones de ox\u00edgeno, el llamado \u00abperfil RNR\u00bb, que es el de las ribonucle\u00f3tido reductasas o RNR, unas enzimas propuestas como dianas v\u00e1lidas para tratamientos antimicrobianos. Gracias a ello han descubierto que estas enzimas se adaptan de formas diferentes al ser expuestas a distintas concentraciones de ox\u00edgeno.<\/p>\n

El reciente trabajo ofrece tambi\u00e9n una imagen global de c\u00f3mo se comportan distintos pat\u00f3genos anaerobios facultativos entre la aerobiosis y la anaerobiosis y describe los estados intermedios, denominados rango microaer\u00f3bico.<\/strong><\/p>\n

La nueva t\u00e9cnica AnaeroTrans<\/em> permitir\u00e1 a los investigadores crear entornos de laboratorio que reproduzcan aquellos que se dan en situaciones reales, como la fibrosis qu\u00edstica<\/strong>, con el objetivo de descubrir nuevas soluciones sanitarias.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Art\u00edculo de referencia<\/strong>:
\nL. Pedraz, N. Blanco\u2010Cabra, E. Torrents (2019). Gradual adaptation of facultative anaerobic pathogens to microaerobic and anaerobic conditions<\/a> The FASEB journal, volume 34, Issue 2<\/em><\/p>\n

\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El grupo de \u2018Infecciones Bacterianas: Terapias Antimicrobianas\u2019 del IBEC, liderado por Eduard Torrents, ha desarrollado un sistema capaz de investigar c\u00f3mo se adaptan los pat\u00f3genos a los cambios de ox\u00edgeno. <\/h3>\n

Utilizando esta t\u00e9cnica, han descubierto que las bacterias E. coli <\/em>y Pseudomonas aeruginosa <\/em>pueden adaptarse a los cambios ambientales a trav\u00e9s de distintos mecanismos, lo que abre la puerta a un mejor conocimiento y tratamiento de las infecciones. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[849,847,850,152,1156],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-71706","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-noticias-de-investigacion","tag-anaerotrans","tag-e-coli","tag-faseb-journal","tag-ibec-es","tag-p-aeruginosa-eduard-torrents"],"yoast_head":"\nInvestigadores del IBEC descifran c\u00f3mo los pat\u00f3genos se adaptan a los cambios de ox\u00edgeno - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El grupo de \u2018Infecciones Bacterianas: 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