{"id":74861,"date":"2020-06-05T09:15:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-05T07:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=74861"},"modified":"2020-06-15T13:09:46","modified_gmt":"2020-06-15T11:09:46","slug":"como-se-mide-el-estres-mecanico-en-tejidos-vivos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/como-se-mide-el-estres-mecanico-en-tejidos-vivos\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfC\u00f3mo se mide el estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico en tejidos vivos?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Es decir, necesitan soportar cierto estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico derivado del contacto. Por ejemplo, el epitelio intestinal se renueva cada 3-5 d\u00edas a trav\u00e9s de funciones mec\u00e1nicas como la divisi\u00f3n, la migraci\u00f3n y la extrusi\u00f3n. Y la curaci\u00f3n de heridas depende, en<\/span>\u00a0gran parte, de la capacidad tisular de generar un estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico que permita la migraci\u00f3n celular para reparar da\u00f1os.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

De hecho, cuando se producen anomal\u00edas en este proceso, se pueden originar enfermedades musculares o c\u00e1ncer. Por tanto, responder de fo<\/span>rma \u00f3ptima ante el estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico es fundamental para cualquier tejido. Un grupo de investigadores del IBEC ha examinado y revisado los distintos tipos de herramientas que existen, a d\u00eda de hoy, para medir el estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico en tejidos tanto a resoluci\u00f3n\u00a0<\/span>celular como subcelular. En su art\u00edculo, publicado en la revista\u00a0<\/span>Nature Reviews Physics<\/span><\/a>, los expertos del grupo \u201c<\/span>Integrative Cell and Tissue Dynamics<\/span><\/a>\u201d en IBEC, liderados por el Profesor de Investigaci\u00f3n ICREA\u00a0<\/span>Xavier Trepat<\/span><\/a>,<\/span>\u00a0discuten la<\/span>s ventajas y desventajas de cada t\u00e9cnica y se proponen la optimizaci\u00f3n de su uso seg\u00fan esas fortalezas y debilidades.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Por una parte, se ha descrito con detalle el funcionamiento de t\u00e9cnicas aplicables a cultivos celulares 2D, como la microscop\u00eda de fuerza<\/span>\u00a0de tracci\u00f3n (TFM), las matrices\u00a0micropilares, la microscop\u00eda de estr\u00e9s en monocapa (MSM) y las\u00a0monocapas\u00a0suspendidas. Por la otra, se han examinado las t\u00e9cnicas para medir el estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico en cultivos celulares 3D. En concreto, la microscop\u00eda de fuerza\u00a0<\/span>de tracci\u00f3n 2.5D y 3D (2.5 TFM y 3D TFM) y el test de domos. Y, por \u00faltimo, se han evaluado m\u00e9todos de medici\u00f3n<\/span>\u00a0in vivo<\/span><\/i>, como los man\u00f3metros, las inclusiones, los sensores de tensi\u00f3n FRET, la ablaci\u00f3n por l\u00e1ser y los m\u00e9todos de inferencia de fuerza.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

La rea<\/span>lidad es que cada t\u00e9cnica lleva a cabo un tipo de medici\u00f3n concreta y tiene limitaciones propias. Esta comparativa exhaustiva resulta fundamental para elaborar protocolos espec\u00edficos que permitan comprender mejor los procesos f\u00edsicos relacionados con la fi<\/span>siolog\u00eda y su papel tanto en el desarrollo, la homeostasis y la enfermedad en los tejidos.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Responder de forma \u00f3ptima ante el estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico es fundamental para cualquier tejido. Los expertos de IBEC examinan en\u00a0Nature\u00a0Review\u00a0Physics\u00a0los distintos tipos\u00a0<\/i>de herramientas que existen para medir el estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico en tejidos, tanto a resoluci\u00f3n celular como subcelular.<\/i><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\n

Art\u00edculo de referencia<\/span><\/i><\/b>:<\/span><\/b>\u00a0Manuel G\u00f3mez-Gonz\u00e1lez, Ernest Latorre, Marino Arroyo y Xavier\u00a0Trepat.\u00a0<\/span>Measuring mechanical stress in living tissues<\/span><\/a>. Nature Review<\/span>s<\/span>\u00a0Physics.\u00a0<\/span>2<\/span><\/b>,\u202fpages300\u2013317(2020).<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\"\"Un equipo de expertos del Instituto de Bioingenier\u00eda de Catalu\u00f1a (IBEC) publica en la revista Nature Reviews Physics una revisi\u00f3n pormenorizada de las diferentes t\u00e9cnicas que se utilizan para calcular el estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico en tejidos, tanto en cultivos celulares como in vivo. Determinar estos mecanismos de estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico resulta crucial para estudiar los procesos vinculados a la morfog\u00e9nesis, la homeostasis y enfermedades como el c\u00e1ncer.<\/h3>\n

Los tejidos vivos son materiales que, para funcionar de forma correcta, necesitan moverse, dividirse, remodelarse y percibir su microambiente, continuamente.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":74863,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[1144],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-74861","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-de-investigacion","tag-xavier-trepat-es"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfC\u00f3mo se mide el estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico en tejidos vivos? - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/como-se-mide-el-estres-mecanico-en-tejidos-vivos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00bfC\u00f3mo se mide el estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico en tejidos vivos? - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un equipo de expertos del Instituto de Bioingenier\u00eda de Catalu\u00f1a (IBEC) publica en la revista Nature Reviews Physics una revisi\u00f3n pormenorizada de las diferentes t\u00e9cnicas que se utilizan para calcular el estr\u00e9s mec\u00e1nico en tejidos, tanto en cultivos celulares como in vivo. 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