{"id":83580,"date":"2021-04-21T20:05:56","date_gmt":"2021-04-21T18:05:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=83580"},"modified":"2021-04-30T10:16:51","modified_gmt":"2021-04-30T08:16:51","slug":"de-abril-de-2021-a-las-2000-horas-horario-de-madrid-cest-llega-una-nueva-generacion-de-robots-vivos-son-capaces-de-nadar-auto-entrenarse-y-mostrar-una-velocidad-y-fuerza-sorprendentes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/nueva-generacion-de-robots-vivos-son-capaces-de-nadar-auto-entrenarse-y-mostrar-una-velocidad-y-fuerza-sorprendentes\/","title":{"rendered":"Llega una nueva generaci\u00f3n de robots vivos"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-83612 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Biobot_IBEC_laterial-view-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"317\" height=\"317\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Biobot_IBEC_laterial-view-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/Biobot_IBEC_laterial-view-45x45.jpg 45w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 317px) 100vw, 317px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 317px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 317\/317;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>El campo de la rob\u00f3tica tiene como objetivo parecerse a aquello lo que las entidades biol\u00f3gicas naturales han logrado a lo largo de milenios de evoluci\u00f3n: acciones como moverse, percibir y adaptarse al medio. M\u00e1s all\u00e1 de los robots r\u00edgidos tradicionales, el campo de la \u201crob\u00f3tica blanda\u201d ha surgido recientemente utilizando materiales flexibles y ajustables capaces de adaptarse a su entorno de manera m\u00e1s eficiente. Con este objetivo en mente, los cient\u00edficos llevan a\u00f1os trabajando en los llamados robots bioh\u00edbridos o biobots, generalmente compuestos por tejido muscular, ya sea card\u00edaco o esquel\u00e9tico, y un esqueleto artificial, logrando robots vivos que se arrastran, agarran o nadan. Desafortunadamente, los biobots actuales estaban lejos de emular la capacidad de los organismos naturales en t\u00e9rminos de movilidad y fuerza.<br \/>\nAhora, investigadores del Instituto de Bioingenier\u00eda de Catalu\u00f1a (IBEC), liderados por el profesor de investigaci\u00f3n ICREA Samuel S\u00e1nchez, han superado ambos desaf\u00edos logrando un gran avance en el campo de los biobots mediante el uso de herramientas de bioingenier\u00eda. S\u00e1nchez y sus colaboradores del IBEC han aplicado la bioimpresi\u00f3n 3D y el dise\u00f1o de ingenier\u00eda para el desarrollo de biobots, de poco m\u00e1s de un cent\u00edmetro de longitud, que pueden nadar y deslizarse como peces, alcanzando velocidades sin precedentes. La clave: utilizar la contracci\u00f3n espont\u00e1nea de materiales basados en c\u00e9lulas musculares, juntamente con un esqueleto innovador y flexible.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Auto-entrenamiento de los Biobots del IBEC usando un esqueleto innovador desarrollado con bioingenier\u00eda<\/strong><\/h2>\n<blockquote><p><strong>Los BIOBOTS que hemos dise\u00f1ado est\u00e1n compuestos por c\u00e9lulas musculares que se mueven como gusanos o peces, reaccionan a est\u00edmulos el\u00e9ctricos y ejercen fuerzas y velocidades sorprendentes gracias a su auto-entrenamiento con el esqueleto flexible impreso en 3D.<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Samuel S\u00e1nchez, Profesor de Investigaci\u00f3n ICREA en IBEC<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-83550 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/biobot_1-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/biobot_1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/biobot_1-45x45.jpg 45w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 150px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 150\/150;\" \/>Mientras que la mayor\u00eda de los investigadores suelen trabajar con esqueletos r\u00edgidos o anclados para preparar robots artificiales, los investigadores del IBEC utilizaron robots biol\u00f3gicos basados en un resorte en forma de serpent\u00edn flexible hecho de un pol\u00edmero llamado PDMS, que primero fue dise\u00f1ado y optimizado mediante simulaciones y, m\u00e1s tarde, impreso con tecnolog\u00eda 3D. La ventaja de este innovador esqueleto radica en la mejora del entrenamiento y desarrollo del tejido a trav\u00e9s de la autoestimulaci\u00f3n mec\u00e1nica sobre las contracciones espont\u00e1neas, lo que crea un bucle de retroalimentaci\u00f3n debido a la fuerza restauradora del resorte. Este evento de auto-entrenamiento da lugar a una actuaci\u00f3n mejorada y a una mayor fuerza de contracci\u00f3n del biobot. Este tipo de esqueletos no se hab\u00edan incluido antes en un sistema vivo de rob\u00f3tica blanda.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Los Biobots del IBEC nadan a una velocidad sin precedentes y se deslizan como peces<\/strong><\/h2>\n<blockquote><p><strong>La mayor fuerza, resultado del dise\u00f1o que permite el auto-entrenamiento, ha hecho que nuestros biobots sean los robots bioh\u00eddridos nadadores m\u00e1s r\u00e1pidos hasta la fecha, aumentando su velocidad en 791 veces.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>Maria Guix, Investigadora IBEC y primera autora del art\u00edculo<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Adem\u00e1s de la capacidad de \u00abauto-entrenamiento\u00bb, este nadador bioh\u00edbrido basado en c\u00e9lulas de m\u00fasculo esquel\u00e9tico desarrollado por los investigadores del IBEC, se mueve a velocidades 791 veces m\u00e1s r\u00e1pidas que los biobots basados en c\u00e9lulas musculares conocidos hasta la fecha, y comparables con otros nadadores biol\u00f3gicos basados en cardiomiocitos (c\u00e9lulas card\u00edacas).<\/p>\n<p>Pero esta nueva generaci\u00f3n de biobots tambi\u00e9n puede realizar otros movimientos: son capaces de deslizarse cuando se colocaron cerca de la superficie del fondo acu\u00e1tico, asemej\u00e1ndose al estilo de nataci\u00f3n de ciertos peces cerca de superficies, como el comportamiento de r\u00e1faga intermitente de los peces cebra, caracterizado por movimientos espor\u00e1dicos seguido de fases de inercia.<\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-83564 alignleft lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/photo-group_SSanchez-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"272\" height=\"180\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/photo-group_SSanchez-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/photo-group_SSanchez-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/photo-group_SSanchez-1024x679.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/photo-group_SSanchez-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/photo-group_SSanchez-1536x1019.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/photo-group_SSanchez-2048x1358.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/photo-group_SSanchez-150x99.jpg 150w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 272px) 100vw, 272px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 272px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 272\/180;\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>El trabajo de S\u00e1nchez, Guix y colaboradores del IBEC abre las puertas a una nueva generaci\u00f3n de robots biol\u00f3gicos m\u00e1s fuertes y r\u00e1pidos basados en c\u00e9lulas musculares, con aplicaciones potenciales tanto para fines ambientales y de administraci\u00f3n de f\u00e1rmacos, como para el desarrollo de pr\u00f3tesis bi\u00f3nicas. En el campo biom\u00e9dico, la posibilidad de imprimir tales modelos musculares en 3D con m\u00fasculos humanos, ofrece la oportunidad de utilizar esta tecnolog\u00eda en plataformas m\u00e9dicas para testar f\u00e1rmacos.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Art\u00edculo de referencia: <\/strong>Maria Guix, Rafael Mestre, Tania Pati\u00f1o, Marco De Corato, Judith Fuentes, Giulia Zarpellon and Samuel S\u00e1nchez. <em>Biohybrid soft robots with self-stimulating skeletons<\/em>. Science Robotics, 2021,DOI 10.1126\/scirobotics.abe7577<\/p>\n<p>Contacto para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n: <a href=\"mailto:alopez@ibecbarcelona.eu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">alopez@ibecbarcelona.eu<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:360}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h3>Investigadores del Instituto de Bioingenier\u00eda de Catalu\u00f1a (IBEC), liderados por el Dr. Samuel S\u00e1nchez, logran un gran avance en el campo de los robots biol\u00f3gicos mediante el desarrollo de nuevos biobots, basados \u200b\u200ben c\u00e9lulas musculares, capaces de nadar a velocidades sin precedentes y reaccionar a est\u00edmulos el\u00e9ctricos gracias a su auto-entrenamiento con un esqueleto inteligente impreso en 3D. <\/h3>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":83612,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[1476,1139],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-83580","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-de-investigacion","tag-biobots-es","tag-samuel-sanchez-es"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Llega una nueva generaci\u00f3n de robots vivos - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/nueva-generacion-de-robots-vivos-son-capaces-de-nadar-auto-entrenarse-y-mostrar-una-velocidad-y-fuerza-sorprendentes\/\" \/>\n<meta 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