{"id":87336,"date":"2021-09-23T17:40:17","date_gmt":"2021-09-23T15:40:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=87336"},"modified":"2021-09-27T10:41:35","modified_gmt":"2021-09-27T08:41:35","slug":"medicina-personalizada-para-luchar-contra-la-leucemia-infantil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/medicina-personalizada-para-luchar-contra-la-leucemia-infantil\/","title":{"rendered":"Medicina personalizada para luchar contra la leucemia infantil\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"La leucemia linfobl\u00e1stica aguda (LLA) representa una cuarta parte de todos los casos de c\u00e1ncer diagnosticados en ni\u00f1os y adultos j\u00f3venes, y es el que causa mayor n\u00famero de muertes en esa franja de edad. Aunque la gran mayor\u00eda de los pacientes responden bien al tratamiento, en el 15-20% de los casos, el c\u00e1ncer reaparece. El tratamiento est\u00e1ndar para estos pacientes se basa en administrar terapias agresivas que, aunque salvan vidas, tambi\u00e9n pueden inducir efectos secundarios a largo plazo, incluido deterioro mental y f\u00edsico.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ahora, un\u00a0estudio\u00a0dirigido\u00a0por el\u00a0<\/span>Instituto de Bioingenier\u00eda de Catalu\u00f1a, IBEC<\/span><\/a>, y publicado en la\u00a0revista cient\u00edfica\u00a0<\/span>Frontiers\u00a0in\u00a0Cell\u00a0and\u00a0Developmental\u00a0Biology<\/span><\/a>,\u00a0aborda la necesidad urgente de desarrollar terapias personalizadas que se adapten a cada paciente, al\u00a0mismo\u00a0tiempo que reduzcan\u00a0los efectos secundarios que\u00a0derivan del\u00a0actual\u00a0enfoque\u00a0de\u00a0\u201ctratamiento \u00fanico\u201d.\u00a0El\u00a0trabajo\u00a0ha sido liderado\u00a0por\u00a0el investigador\u00a0s\u00e9nior\u00a0Joan Montero y el estudiante de doctorado Albert Manzano, del\u00a0<\/span>laboratorio de\u00a0Nanobioingier\u00eda\u00a0del IBEC<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0En el\u00a0estudio\u00a0tambi\u00e9n han contribuido Josep\u00a0Samitier, l\u00edder de grupo, y Clara\u00a0Alcon, t\u00e9cnica senior,\u00a0tambi\u00e9n\u00a0del laboratorio de\u00a0Nanobioingier\u00eda\u00a0del IBEC;\u00a0e investigadores\u00a0de varios otros institutos, incluida la Universidad de Barcelona.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Predecir la respuesta al tratamiento<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

En este estudio, los investigadores utilizaron una metodolog\u00eda novedosa,\u00a0conocida como \u201cdynamic\u00a0BH3\u00a0profiling\u00a0\u201d,\u00a0que mide la capacidad de los f\u00e1rmacos para\u00a0inducir\u00a0a\u00a0las c\u00e9lulas a morir\u00a0(entrar en apoptosis), para evaluar nuevos tratamientos que podr\u00edan mejorar\u00a0la terapia\u00a0de los pacientes con\u00a0Leucemia\u00a0linfobl\u00e1stica\u00a0aguda precursora de c\u00e9lulas B (BCP-ALL),\u00a0especialmente aquellos que han reca\u00eddo. En esta t\u00e9cnica, los medicamentos contra el c\u00e1ncer se\u00a0prueban directamente\u00a0en\u00a0c\u00e9lulas en\u00a0el\u00a0laboratorio. De este modo, los investigadores pueden analizar eventos\u00a0apopt\u00f3ticos\u00a0tempranos para determinar si los medicamentos matar\u00e1n\u00a0a\u00a0las c\u00e9lulas, en este caso, leuc\u00e9micas, de\u00a0una\u00a0forma m\u00e1s r\u00e1pida.<\/span> \u00a0<\/span>\u201cEsta nueva t\u00e9cnica permite\u00a0reducir significativamente el tiempo de an\u00e1lisis y\u00a0predecir con precisi\u00f3n la efectividad\u00a0de tratamientos secuenciales para la\u00a0<\/span><\/i>leucemia\u00a0linfobl\u00e1stica\u00a0aguda<\/span>\u00a0pedi\u00e1trica\u201d<\/span><\/i>, declara Joan Montero, autor principal del trabajo.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

El estudio tambi\u00e9n investig\u00f3 c\u00f3mo las diferentes variaciones gen\u00e9ticas de BCP-ALL respondieron a los f\u00e1rmacos antitumorales en combinaci\u00f3n con BH3\u00a0mimetics,\u00a0peque\u00f1as mol\u00e9culas que bloquean espec\u00edficamente las prote\u00ednas que evitan la muerte de las c\u00e9lulas cancerosas.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Descubrimos que muchos de los f\u00e1rmacos, que solo ten\u00edan una eficacia modesta cuando se administraban por s\u00ed solos pero que mataban a una proporci\u00f3n significativamente mayor de c\u00e9lulas cancerosas cuando se administraban en combinaci\u00f3n con BH3 mimetics.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Albert Manzano, primer autor del estudio. \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

De hecho,\u00a0este\u00a0efecto fue sin\u00e9rgico\u00a0en la inhibici\u00f3n dual de las prote\u00ednas MEK y MCL-1, que logr\u00f3 la eliminaci\u00f3n casi completa de las c\u00e9lulas leuc\u00e9micas. Estos resultados pueden ser particularmente relevantes en el dise\u00f1o de nuevas combinaciones terap\u00e9uticas para pacientes\u00a0que han sufrido reca\u00eddas.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Hacia una medicina personalizada\u00a0contra\u00a0la leucemia pedi\u00e1trica<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Los resultados del trabajo muestran la utilidad de usar\u00a0dynamic\u00a0BH3\u00a0profiling\u00a0para predecir la mejor combinaci\u00f3n de tratamientos para cada paciente y aumentar as\u00ed la potencia y eficacia de la terapia. Adem\u00e1s, demuestra que los BH3\u00a0mimetics\u00a0pueden mejorar las terapias\u00a0actuales\u00a0para tratar la\u00a0leucemia\u00a0linfobl\u00e1stica\u00a0aguda\u00a0y superar la resistencia al bloquear las prote\u00ednas que previenen la muerte de las c\u00e9lulas cancerosas. Adem\u00e1s, dado que el efecto de los\u00a0BH3\u00a0mimetics\u00a0es a menudo sin\u00e9rgico, se requerir\u00e1n concentraciones m\u00e1s bajas de cada f\u00e1rmaco y, por lo tanto, ser\u00e1 menos probable que los pacientes sufran efectos secundarios graves.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Es importante destacar que todas estas observaciones se realizaron despu\u00e9s de un tiempo de incubaci\u00f3n muy corto, lo que enfatiza la utilidad de estos ensayos predictivos funcionales en la cl\u00ednica. En resumen, estos hallazgos podr\u00edan representar nuevas estrategias terap\u00e9uticas prometedoras frente a este tipo de leucemia.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\"\"
Clara Alcon, Joan Montero y Albert Manzano, investigadores del IBEC.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Esperamos que \u00e9ste y futuros estudios en nuestro laboratorio puedan ayudar a los pacientes pedi\u00e1tricos con leucemia a curarse con los m\u00ednimos efectos secundarios adversos posibles.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Joan Montero, IBEC.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Art\u00edculo de referencia:\u00a0<\/span><\/b>Albert Manzano-Mu\u00f1oz, Clara\u00a0Alcon, Pablo Men\u00e9ndez, Manuel Ram\u00edrez,\u00a0Felix\u00a0Seyfried, Klaus-Michael\u00a0Debatin,\u00a0L\u00fcder\u00a0H. Meyer, Josep\u00a0Samitier\u00a0and Joan Montero.\u00a0<\/span>MCL-1\u00a0Inhibition\u00a0Overcomes\u00a0Anti-apoptotic\u00a0Adaptation\u00a0to\u00a0Targeted\u00a0Therapies\u00a0in B-Cell\u00a0Precursor\u00a0Acute\u00a0Lymphoblastic\u00a0Leukemia<\/span><\/a>. 2021, Front.\u00a0Cell\u00a0Dev. Biol. 9:695225.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Investigadores del IBEC han utilizado una t\u00e9cnica anal\u00edtica de vanguardia para evaluar nuevas combinaciones de f\u00e1rmacos para tratar con \u00e9xito la leucemia linfobl\u00e1stica aguda pedi\u00e1trica. Esto acerca la medicina personalizada a la cl\u00ednica para este tipo de c\u00e1ncer y coincide con el mes de la concienciaci\u00f3n sobre el c\u00e1ncer infantil.<\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":87341,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[1137,1542],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-87336","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-de-investigacion","tag-josep-samitier-es","tag-leucemia"],"yoast_head":"\nMedicina personalizada para luchar contra la leucemia infantil\u00a0 - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/medicina-personalizada-para-luchar-contra-la-leucemia-infantil\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Medicina personalizada para luchar contra la leucemia infantil\u00a0 - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Investigadores del IBEC han utilizado una t\u00e9cnica anal\u00edtica de vanguardia para evaluar nuevas combinaciones de f\u00e1rmacos para tratar con \u00e9xito la leucemia linfobl\u00e1stica aguda pedi\u00e1trica. 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