{"id":95699,"date":"2022-07-14T15:06:57","date_gmt":"2022-07-14T13:06:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/testweb.ibecbarcelona.eu\/?p=95699"},"modified":"2022-07-15T20:33:01","modified_gmt":"2022-07-15T18:33:01","slug":"nueva-herramienta-contra-el-cancer-de-mama-bioimpresion-3d-de-tumores-usando-tejido-de-cerdo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/nueva-herramienta-contra-el-cancer-de-mama-bioimpresion-3d-de-tumores-usando-tejido-de-cerdo\/","title":{"rendered":"Nueva herramienta contra el c\u00e1ncer de mama: bioimpresi\u00f3n 3D de tumores usando tejido de cerdo"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>Investigadores del IBEC consiguen recrear la compleja composici\u00f3n de tumores de mama humanos en el laboratorio utilizando tejidos provenientes de mamas de cerdo hembra. Este nuevo modelo permitir\u00e1, entre otras aplicaciones, fabricar tumores artificiales para estudiar el desarrollo del c\u00e1ncer y los procesos de met\u00e1stasis e inmunosupresi\u00f3n, adem\u00e1s de ser una excelente plataforma para testar f\u00e1rmacos contra la enfermedad.<\/h4>\n<p>El c\u00e1ncer de mama es el c\u00e1ncer m\u00e1s diagnosticado en mujeres, con cerca de 2,3 millones de nuevos casos en el mundo cada a\u00f1o, lo que significa que 1 de cada 12 mujeres padecer\u00e1n esa enfermedad a lo largo de su vida. A pesar de su alta incidencia, el c\u00e1ncer de mama sigue siendo un desaf\u00edo para m\u00e9dicos e investigadores, ya que, debido a la gran complejidad del tejido tumoral y del \u201cmicroambiente\u201d del tumor, es muy dif\u00edcil reproducir las condiciones reales en el laboratorio para su estudio y tratamiento.<\/p>\n<p>Ahora, un equipo de\u00a0<strong>investigadores del Instituto de Bioingenier\u00eda de Catalu\u00f1a (IBEC) han desarrollado un nuevo modelo de c\u00e1ncer de mama que recrea la complejidad de la composici\u00f3n de los tumores de mama.\u00a0<\/strong>Se trata de una \u201cbiotinta\u201d que est\u00e1 formada por tejidos de mama de cerdo a los que se les ha extra\u00eddo las c\u00e9lulas, y que sirve de base para el crecimiento de c\u00e9lulas cancerosas humanas.\u00a0 El trabajo, dirigido por Elisabeth Engel, investigadora principal del grupo \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/biomaterials\">Biomateriales para Terapias Regenerativas<\/a>\u201d y Catedr\u00e1tica de la Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Catalu\u00f1a (UPC), se acaba de publicar en la revista cient\u00edfica\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/acsami.2c00920\">ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Impresi\u00f3n en 3D del tumor usando la nueva biotinta a partir de mamas de cerdo<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Un tumor est\u00e1 formado por c\u00e9lulas cancerosas, que se comportan y se dividen de forma an\u00f3mala y que se encuentran embebidas en el microambiente que las envuelve. El microambiente tumoral est\u00e1 formado por la matriz extracelular (de las siglas en ingl\u00e9s, ECM), gran variedad de c\u00e9lulas epiteliales, c\u00e9lulas del sistema inmune, c\u00e9lulas de grasa (adipocitos), factores solubles de crecimiento y hormonas, entre otros. La matriz extracelular es una parte importante de ese microambiente, ya que est\u00e1 implicada en el crecimiento del tumor y en la eficacia de los medicamentos. Adem\u00e1s, su complejidad es uno de los factores que m\u00e1s limitan el estudio del c\u00e1ncer de mama.<\/p>\n<p>La matriz extracelular vendr\u00eda a ser como una especie de soporte altamente complejo y con caracter\u00edsticas mec\u00e1nicas, biol\u00f3gicas y qu\u00edmicas muy precisas, donde se desarrollan las c\u00e9lulas cancerosas. Haciendo un s\u00edmil con un nido de p\u00e1jaros, la paja, las hojas, las ramas y dem\u00e1s materiales que forman el nido ser\u00edan la ECM que permite el desarrollo de los huevos, en este ejemplo, las c\u00e9lulas cancerosas.<\/p>\n<p>Con el objetivo de recrear esa compleja ECM, los investigadores del IBEC han utilizado tejido de mama de cerdo hembra, aprovech\u00e1ndose de la gran similitud entre los genomas de cerdos y humanos, y de que es un tejido que se puede obtener de forma sencilla y en gran cantidad. A trav\u00e9s de diferentes procedimientos han eliminado las c\u00e9lulas de cerdo del tejido mamario, dejando solamente la ECM. Ese material, al que llaman biotinta, es el que servir\u00e1 de base para los pasos siguientes y el desarrollo del tumor en el laboratorio.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>\u201cHemos podido desarrollar, por primera vez, una biotinta a partir de tejidos mamarios desprovistos de sus c\u00e9lulas capaz de mimetizar las caracter\u00edsticas mec\u00e1nicas y bioqu\u00edmicas de la matriz extracelular de la mama humana.\u201d<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>B\u00e1rbara Blanco-Fern\u00e1ndez, primera autora del estudio y investigadora del IBEC<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-92738 lazyload\" data-src=\"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/esquema.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1407\" height=\"492\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1407px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1407\/492;\" \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Una vez que los investigadores han obtenido esa biotinta, formada por la ECM de tejido mamario de cerdos, la han utilizado para generar un tumor de mama humano por bioimpresi\u00f3n 3D. Para ello, a la biotinta le han a\u00f1adido c\u00e9lulas cancerosas humanas, factores como el col\u00e1geno tipo 1 (presente en grandes cuantidades en los tumores de mama) y otros componentes que mantienen la estructura y dureza ideales del tumor. Esa mezcla se imprime en 3D y al cabo de unos d\u00edas de incubaci\u00f3n, en condiciones adecuadas y perfectamente controladas, se obtiene un tumor de mama humano.<\/p>\n<p>La nueva biotinta desarrollada por los investigadores del IBEC pone de relieve la importancia de recrear la complejidad de la matriz extracelular y a la vez el gran potencial de estos materiales para la fabricaci\u00f3n de modelos tumorales por bioimpresi\u00f3n 3D para el estudio del c\u00e1ncer. Adem\u00e1s, este modelo abre las puertas al desarrollo de terapias m\u00e1s eficaces y de tratamientos personalizados, ya que se pueden fabricar tumores usando c\u00e9lulas de pacientes.<\/p>\n<p><em>Elisabeth Engel es miembro del Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red, \u00c1rea de Bioingenier\u00eda, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ciber-bbn.es\/\"><em>CIBER- BBN<\/em><\/a><em>) y de la Red de Terapias Celulares (<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.red-tercel.com\/\"><em>TerCel<\/em><\/a><em>).<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Art\u00edculo de referencia<\/em><\/strong><em>: Barbara Blanco-Fernandez, Sergi Rey-Vinolas, G\u00fcls\u00fcn Ba\u011fc\u0131, Gerard Rubi-Sans, Jorge Otero, Daniel Navajas, Soledad Perez-Amodio, Elisabeth Engel.\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/acsami.2c00920\"><em>Bioprinting Decellularized Breast Tissue for the Development of Three-Dimensional Breast Cancer Models.<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<em>ACS Applied Materials &amp; Interfaces 2022 14 (26), 29467-29482.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Investigadores del IBEC consiguen recrear la compleja composici\u00f3n de tumores de mama humanos en el laboratorio utilizando tejidos provenientes de mamas de cerdo hembra. Este nuevo modelo permitir\u00e1, entre otras &#8230; <a title=\"Nueva herramienta contra el c\u00e1ncer de mama: bioimpresi\u00f3n 3D de tumores usando tejido de cerdo\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/nueva-herramienta-contra-el-cancer-de-mama-bioimpresion-3d-de-tumores-usando-tejido-de-cerdo\/\" aria-label=\"More on Nueva herramienta contra el c\u00e1ncer de mama: bioimpresi\u00f3n 3D de tumores usando tejido de cerdo\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":95382,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[774],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-95699","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-de-investigacion","tag-elisabeth-engel-es"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Nueva herramienta contra el c\u00e1ncer de mama: bioimpresi\u00f3n 3D de tumores usando tejido de cerdo - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/nueva-herramienta-contra-el-cancer-de-mama-bioimpresion-3d-de-tumores-usando-tejido-de-cerdo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nueva herramienta contra el c\u00e1ncer de mama: bioimpresi\u00f3n 3D de tumores usando tejido de cerdo - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Investigadores del IBEC consiguen recrear la compleja composici\u00f3n de tumores de mama humanos en el laboratorio utilizando tejidos provenientes de mamas de cerdo hembra. 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