{"id":95714,"date":"2022-06-15T12:55:08","date_gmt":"2022-06-15T10:55:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/testweb.ibecbarcelona.eu\/one-step-closer-to-self-dividing-synthetic-cells\/"},"modified":"2023-03-28T17:29:46","modified_gmt":"2023-03-28T15:29:46","slug":"one-step-closer-to-self-dividing-synthetic-cells","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/one-step-closer-to-self-dividing-synthetic-cells\/","title":{"rendered":"Un paso m\u00e1s cerca de la autodivisi\u00f3n de c\u00e9lulas sint\u00e9ticas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Por primera vez, los investigadores han integrado maquinaria de divisi\u00f3n celular en c\u00e9lulas sint\u00e9ticas, allanando el camino hacia sistemas creados por el hombre verdaderamente realistas. El estudio, publicado en la revista cient\u00edfica Advanced Materials, fue codirigido por el investigador principal del IBEC, C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez-Emmenegger.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>La divisi\u00f3n celular es un sello distintivo de la vida y es esencial para el crecimiento, la reproducci\u00f3n y la reparaci\u00f3n de un organismo. Es un proceso muy complejo impulsado por un c\u00f3ctel preciso de componentes. Desentra\u00f1ar los secretos de este fen\u00f3meno y replicarlo podr\u00eda abrir una gran cantidad de posibles aplicaciones biom\u00e9dicas. Este es uno de los objetivos finales de la biolog\u00eda sint\u00e9tica&nbsp;ascendente, un campo que tiene como objetivo dise\u00f1ar y crear c\u00e9lulas sint\u00e9ticas que imiten a la naturaleza. Todav\u00eda pasar\u00e1 alg\u00fan tiempo antes de que tengamos c\u00e9lulas sint\u00e9ticas completamente funcionales, pero un nuevo estudio dirigido por investigadores del IBEC&nbsp;nos&nbsp;ha acercado un paso m\u00e1s&nbsp;hacia&nbsp;este objetivo. El art\u00edculo, publicado en la revista cient\u00edfica&nbsp;<em>Advanced Materials<\/em>, describe la integraci\u00f3n de la maquinaria de divisi\u00f3n celular en c\u00e9lulas sint\u00e9ticas, un gran avance en el campo.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"http:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/figure-for-press-realease_web.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-92276 lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>El estudio fue codirigido por&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/member\/?empID=2279&#038;C%C3%A9sar+Rodriguez-Emmenegger\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez-Emmenegger<\/a>, l\u00edder del grupo de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/bioinspired-interactive-materials-and-protocellular-systems\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Materiales Interactivos Bioinspirados y Sistemas Protocelulares<\/a>&nbsp;del IBEC, y profesor de investigaci\u00f3n ICREA. Otros investigadores del IBEC que contribuyeron al trabajo incluyen a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/member\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Marina I. Giannotti<\/a>&nbsp;y Ricardo A. Zamora, ambos del grupo&nbsp;\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/nanoprobes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nanoprobes and Nanoswitches<\/a>\u201d. El estudio se llev\u00f3 a cabo en colaboraci\u00f3n con investigadores del&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.dwi.rwth-aachen.de\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Instituto DWI-Leibniz de Materiales Interactivos<\/a>, el&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.biochem.mpg.de\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Instituto Max Planck de Bioqu\u00edmica<\/a>&nbsp;y el&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ciber-bbn.es\/en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red \u2013 Bioingenier\u00eda, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN)<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Replicando la divisi\u00f3n celular&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En las bacterias, la autorreplicaci\u00f3n se lleva a cabo gracias a un sistema proteico muy complejo llamado divisoma. Crea un anillo alrededor de la mitad de la celda, que luego se contrae y corta la celda en dos. Los investigadores han tratado de imitar este proceso en una variedad de sistemas, pero solo han tenido \u00e9xito cuando el sistema se construy\u00f3 a partir de l\u00edpidos, los componentes naturales que forman las membranas celulares. Ahora, por primera vez, este estudio ha logrado insertar con \u00e9xito el divisoma en un material completamente sint\u00e9tico.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Durante millones de a\u00f1os, la evoluci\u00f3n ha creado membranas celulares que cumplen con los requisitos para la vida, por lo que los investigadores estudiaron cuidadosamente estas propiedades para replicarlas en sus c\u00e9lulas sint\u00e9ticas. Ensamblaron mol\u00e9culas llamadas dendr\u00edmeros de Janus en una membrana sint\u00e9tica y la ajustaron delicadamente hasta que sus propiedades biof\u00edsicas fueran compatibles con los procesos celulares naturales. Una de estas propiedades fue el ancho, ya que las prote\u00ednas del divisoma no se unir\u00e1n si la membrana no tiene el grosor adecuado.&nbsp;Otra&nbsp;es la carga, ya que el equilibrio de atracci\u00f3n y repulsi\u00f3n entre las prote\u00ednas y la membrana es crucial. Finalmente, la membrana necesita ser altamente m\u00f3vil, flexible y estable, para que pueda soportar las fuerzas que ejercen sobre ella las prote\u00ednas.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Una vez que calibraron las propiedades, introdujeron el complejo proteico divisoma para ver si ser\u00eda compatible con su membrana sint\u00e9tica. \u201cLo que observamos fue que, aunque nuestras mol\u00e9culas son completamente diferentes de los l\u00edpidos, pudimos reproducir con extrema precisi\u00f3n el comportamiento del divisoma y, por supuesto, esto es un paso m\u00e1s cerca de lograr la autorreplicaci\u00f3n en una c\u00e9lula sint\u00e9tica\u201d, dice C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez-Emenegger.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Este estudio ha demostrado que se pueden dise\u00f1ar entidades sint\u00e9ticas para hacer uso de los mecanismos proporcionados por la naturaleza. La integraci\u00f3n de la maquinaria de divisi\u00f3n celular es solo el primer paso. Los investigadores conf\u00edan en que esto podr\u00eda convertirse en una herramienta poderosa con muchas aplicaciones potenciales. \u201cPudimos insertar la maquinaria responsable de la divisi\u00f3n celular ajustando nuestra membrana sint\u00e9tica. Del mismo modo, en el futuro deber\u00edamos poder incorporar cualquier maquinaria celular activa con los ajustes adecuados\u201d, apunta Anna Wagner, investigadora doctoral del grupo de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/bioinspired-interactive-materials-and-protocellular-systems\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Materiales Interactivos Bioinspirados y Sistemas Protocelulares<\/a>&nbsp;y primera autora del estudio.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Una nueva v\u00eda para mejorar la medicina&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Las c\u00e9lulas sint\u00e9ticas podr\u00edan abrir una gran cantidad de posibilidades en biomedicina, ya que pueden ajustarse para realizar funciones que no pueden realizar las c\u00e9lulas normales. Por ejemplo, una c\u00e9lula sint\u00e9tica podr\u00eda dise\u00f1arse para imitar a un macr\u00f3fago, un tipo de gl\u00f3bulo blanco que engulle pat\u00f3genos, y ajustarse para actuar espec\u00edficamente sobre c\u00e9lulas cancerosas, virus o bacterias, especialmente aquellas que son resistentes a los medicamentos disponibles actualmente. Las c\u00e9lulas sint\u00e9ticas tendr\u00edan la ventaja de no tener las necesidades biol\u00f3gicas de las c\u00e9lulas vivas y no presentar\u00edan los mismos peligros que ciertos f\u00e1rmacos.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cLo que m\u00e1s me emociona de este trabajo no es lo que hemos logrado, sino la perspectiva para el futuro. Hemos demostrado que somos capaces de copiar el modelo de la naturaleza, y no hay mejor ingeniero que la naturaleza\u201d, concluye Rodr\u00edguez-Emmenegger.&nbsp;<strong>Art\u00edculo de referencia<\/strong>: Anna M. Wagner, Hiromune Eto, Anton Joseph, Shunshi Kohyama, Tam\u00e1s Haraszti, Ricardo A. Zamora, Mariia Vorobii, Marina I. Giannotti, Petra Schwille, Cesar Rodriguez-Emmenegger.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.202202364\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dendrimersome synthetic cells harbor cell division machinery of bacteria<\/a>.&nbsp;<em>Advanced Materials<\/em>&nbsp;(2022).&nbsp; https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/adma.202202364<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><H3>For the first time, researchers have integrated cell division machinery in synthetic cells, paving the way towards truly life-like man-made systems. The study, published in the scientific journal Advanced Materials, was co-led by IBEC group leader C\u00e9sar Rodriguez-Emmenegger.<\/H3><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":97459,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[1994,1886],"post_formats":[],"class_list":["post-95714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-noticias-de-investigacion","tag-bioinspired-interactive-materials-and-protocellular-systems-group-es","tag-cesar-rodriguez-emmenegger-es"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Un paso m\u00e1s cerca de la autodivisi\u00f3n de c\u00e9lulas sint\u00e9ticas - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ibecbarcelona.eu\/es\/one-step-closer-to-self-dividing-synthetic-cells\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un paso m\u00e1s cerca de la autodivisi\u00f3n de c\u00e9lulas sint\u00e9ticas - Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"For the first time, researchers have integrated cell division machinery in synthetic cells, paving the way towards truly life-like man-made systems. 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