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by Keyword: Janus micromotors
Chen, Shuqin, Fan, Donglei Emma, Fischer, Peer, Ghosh, Ambarish, Goepfrich, Kerstin, Golestanian, Ramin, Hess, Henry, Ma, Xing, Nelson, Bradley J, Padial, Tania Patino, Tang, Jinyao, Villa, Katherine, Wang, Wei, Zhang, Li, Sen, Ayusman, Sanchez, Samuel, (2025). A roadmap for next-generation nanomotors Nature Nanotechnology 20, 990-1000 
Since their discovery in 2004, there has been remarkable progress in research on nanomotors, from the elucidation of different propulsion mechanisms to the study of their collective behaviour, culminating in investigations into their applications in biomedicine and environmental remediation. This Perspective reviews this evolution in nanomotor research and discusses the key challenges ahead, including the need for developing advanced characterization techniques, precise motion control, materials innovation, theory and modelling, and translationally feasible in vivo biomedical applications. These challenges highlight the current limitations of synthetic nanomotors and point to exciting future opportunities to revolutionize theranostics and create 'living' hybrid systems. We introduce the concept of 'systems materials' to encompass interacting functional materials across length scales from molecular to macro. Thus, this Perspective aims to inspire future generations of researchers to advance both fundamental understanding and practical breakthroughs, thereby engineering a paradigm shift in nanomotor research.
JTD Keywords: Autonomous movement, Catalytic nanomotors, Chemotactic behavior, Driven, Janus micromotors, Microrobots, Motion, Propulsion, Removal, Separatio
Ju, Xiaohui, Chen, Chuanrui, Oral, Cagatay M, Sevim, Semih, Golestanian, Ramin, Sun, Mengmeng, Bouzari, Negin, Lin, Xiankun, Urso, Mario, Nam, Jong Seok, Cho, Yujang, Peng, Xia, Landers, Fabian C, Yang, Shihao, Adibi, Azin, Taz, Nahid, Wittkowski, Raphael, Ahmed, Daniel, Wang, Wei, Magdanz, Veronika, Medina-Sanchez, Mariana, Guix, Maria, Bari, Naimat, Behkam, Bahareh, Kapral, Raymond, Huang, Yaxin, Tang, Jinyao, Wang, Ben, Morozov, Konstantin, Leshansky, Alexander, Abbasi, Sarmad Ahmad, Choi, Hongsoo, Ghosh, Subhadip, Fernandes, Barbara Borges, Battaglia, Giuseppe, Fischer, Peer, Ghosh, Ambarish, Sanchez, Beatriz Jurado, Escarpa, Alberto, Martinet, Quentin, Palacci, Jeremie, Lauga, Eric, Moran, Jeffrey, Ramos-Docampo, Miguel A, Stadler, Brigitte, Restrepo, Ramon Santiago Herrera, Yossifon, Gilad, Nicholas, James D, Ignes-Mullol, Jordi, Puigmarti-Luis, Josep, Liu, Yutong, Zarzar, Lauren D, Shields, C Wyatt, Li, Longqiu, Li, Shanshan, Ma, Xing, Gracias, David H, Velev, Orlin, Sanchez, Samuel, Esplandiu, Maria Jose, Simmchen, Juliane, Lobosco, Antonio, Misra, Sarthak, Wu, Zhiguang, Li, Jinxing, Kuhn, Alexander, Nourhani, Amir, Maric, Tijana, Xiong, Ze, Aghakhani, Amirreza, Mei, Yongfeng, Tu, Yingfeng, Peng, Fei, Diller, Eric, Sakar, Mahmut Selman, Sen, Ayusman, Law, Junhui, Sun, Yu, Pena-Francesch, Abdon, Villa, Katherine, Li, Huaizhi, Fan, Donglei Emma, Liang, Kang, Huang, Tony Jun, Chen, Xiang-Zhong, Tang, Songsong, Zhang, Xueji, Cui, Jizhai, Wang, Hong, Gao, Wei, Bandari, Vineeth Kumar, Schmidt, Oliver G, Wu, Xianghua, Guan, Jianguo, Sitti, Metin, Nelson, Bradley J, Pane, Salvador, Zhang, Li, Shahsavan, Hamed, He, Qiang, Kim, Il-Doo, Wang, Joseph, Pumera, Martin, (2025). Technology Roadmap of Micro/Nanorobots ACS Nano 19, 24174-24334
Inspired by Richard Feynman's 1959 lecture and the 1966 film Fantastic Voyage, the field of micro/nanorobots has evolved from science fiction to reality, with significant advancements in biomedical and environmental applications. Despite the rapid progress, the deployment of functional micro/nanorobots remains limited. This review of the technology roadmap identifies key challenges hindering their widespread use, focusing on propulsion mechanisms, fundamental theoretical aspects, collective behavior, material design, and embodied intelligence. We explore the current state of micro/nanorobot technology, with an emphasis on applications in biomedicine, environmental remediation, analytical sensing, and other industrial technological aspects. Additionally, we analyze issues related to scaling up production, commercialization, and regulatory frameworks that are crucial for transitioning from research to practical applications. We also emphasize the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to address both technical and nontechnical challenges, such as sustainability, ethics, and business considerations. Finally, we propose a roadmap for future research to accelerate the development of micro/nanorobots, positioning them as essential tools for addressing grand challenges and enhancing the quality of life.
JTD Keywords: Catalytic nanomotor, Chemically powered nanomotors, Collective behavior, Drug-delivery, Functionality, Humans, Intelligence, Janus micromotors, Low-reynolds-number, Metal-organic frameworks, Micro/nanorobots, Motion control, Multiparticle collision dynamics, Nanotechnology, Near-infrared light, Propulsion, Robotics, Self-propelled micromotors, Smart materials, Technological translatio, Technological translation
Ma, X., Katuri, J., Zeng, Y., Zhao, Y., Sánchez, S., (2015). Surface conductive graphene-wrapped micromotors exhibiting enhanced motion Small 11, (38), 5023–5027
Surface-conductive Janus spherical motors are fabricated by wrapping silica particles with reduced graphene oxide capped with a thin Pt layer. These motors exhibit a 100% enhanced velocity as compared to standard SiO2–Pt motors. Furthermore, the versatility of graphene may open up possibilities for a diverse range of applications from active drug delivery systems to water remediation.
JTD Keywords: Enhanced speed, Graphene wrapping, Janus micromotors, Janus particles, Micromotors, Surface conduction
