by Keyword: Nicotinamide adenine-dinucleotide
Rae, CD, Baur, JA, Borges, K, Dienel, G, Díaz-García, CM, Douglass, SR, Drew, K, Duarte, JMN, Duran, J, Kann, O, Kristian, T, Lee-Liu, D, Lindquist, BE, Mcnay, EC, Robinson, MB, Rothman, DL, Rowlands, BD, Ryan, TA, Scafidi, J, Scafidi, S, Shuttleworth, CW, Swanson, RA, Uruk, G, Vardjan, N, Zorec, R, Mckenna, MC, (2024). Brain energy metabolism: A roadmap for future research Journal Of Neurochemistry 168, 910-954 
Although we have learned much about how the brain fuels its functions over the last decades, there remains much still to discover in an organ that is so complex. This article lays out major gaps in our knowledge of interrelationships between brain metabolism and brain function, including biochemical, cellular, and subcellular aspects of functional metabolism and its imaging in adult brain, as well as during development, aging, and disease. The focus is on unknowns in metabolism of major brain substrates and associated transporters, the roles of insulin and of lipid droplets, the emerging role of metabolism in microglia, mysteries about the major brain cofactor and signaling molecule NAD+, as well as unsolved problems underlying brain metabolism in pathologies such as traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, and metabolic downregulation during hibernation. It describes our current level of understanding of these facets of brain energy metabolism as well as a roadmap for future research. This article details current knowledge and major unknowns in brain energy metabolism and lays out a roadmap for future research.image
JTD Keywords: Acetate, Acetyl-coa, Aerobic glycolysis, Atp-citrate lyase, Extracellular glutamate concentration, Fatty-acid transport, Glucose-metabolism, Glut4, In-vivo, Insulin, Lipid droplet accumulation, Nicotinamide adenine-dinucleotide, Noradrenaline, Obese zucker rats, Rat cerebral-cortex
