Publications

The influence of the properties of different solid substrates on the tethering of two antibodies, IgG1-CR3022 and IgG1-S309, which were specifically engineered for the detection of SARS-CoV-2, has been examined at the molecular level using conventional and accelerated Molecular Dynamics (cMD and aMD, respectively). Two surfaces with very different properties and widely used in immunosensors for diagnosis, amorphous silica and the most stable facet of the face-centered cubic gold structure, have been considered. The effects of such surfaces on the structure and orientation of the immobilized antibodies have been determined by quantifying the tilt and hinge angles that describe the orientation and shape of the antibody, respectively, and the dihedrals that measure the relative position of the antibody arms with respect to the surface. Results show that the interactions with amorphous silica, which are mainly electrostatic due to the charged nature of the surface, help to preserve the orientation and structure of the antibodies, especially of the IgG1-CR3022, indicating that the primary sequence of those antibodies also plays some role. Instead, short-range van der Waals interactions with the inert gold surface cause a higher degree tilting and fraying of the antibodies with respect to amorphous silica. The interactions between the antibodies and the surface also affect the correlation among the different angles and dihedrals, which increases with their strength. Overall, results explain why amorphous silica substrates are frequently used to immobilize antibodies in immunosensors. © 2022 The Authors

JTD Keywords: amorphous silica, antibody immobilization, enzyme, gol d, gold, immobilization, immunosensor, molecu l a r dynamics, molecular dynamics, protein adsorption, sars-cov-2 immunosensor, simulations, spike protein, surface interactions, target, vaccine, Amorphous silica, Antibodies, Antibody engineering, Antibody immobilization, Antibody structure, Article, Chemical detection, Computer model, Controlled study, Dihedral angle, Gold, In-silico, Molecular dynamics, Molecular levels, Molecular-dynamics, Nonhuman, Property, Sars, Sars-cov-2 immunosensor, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Silica, Silico studies, Silicon dioxide, Solid substrates, Structure analysis, Substrate chemistry, Substrates, Van der waals forces, Virus detection

This review presents the development of new kind of antibody/LDH (layered double hydroxides) hybrid nanomaterials for beta casein detection. The preparation method of the LDH is described. It is based on the co-precipitation of metallic salts in constant pH and temperature. The chosen LDH are hydrotalcites (Mg2AICO3, Mg3AICO3), Zaccagnaite: Zn2AICO3 and hydrocalumite: Ca 2AICI. Finally, the antibody is immobilized into the LDH materials using Layer-by-Layer method by autoassembly. In this work, we studied the surface properties of the prepared hybrid biomembranes using X-ray diffraction, Infrared spectroscopy in ATR mode and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). These techniques allow describing the antibody immobilization and its interactions with LDH. The antibody was adsorbed and its morphology was conserved in its new environment after more than 15 days continuously in PBS solution, promising a constant biosensor performance.

JTD Keywords: Anti β-casein antibody, Antibody immobilization, Ldh hybrid biomaterials, Urea biosensors